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Biomedical subjects

I I Skopin

Publications and source records attributed to I I Skopin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Cryopreserved allo-grafts in aortic valve surgery].

Bakulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery resumed research into cryopreservation and creation of valve bank in 1990. This technology allowed preparation of valve allo-grafts with preserved cell reproductive capacity for clinical use. A new technology, allowing reduction of calcinosis in the graft's aortic wall, was developed and experimentally tested in 2003. 61 aortic valve replacements with cryopreserved allo-grafts were performed between 1992 and 2003. The three techniques of implantation included: subcoronary (38), intraaortic cylinder (8) and "free-standing root" (15). 44 patients developed active infective or prosthetic endocarditis. Hospital mortality rate was 11.5%, 12-year survival rate--90%. Dysfunctions and reoperations were significantly rarer in cases of inclusion cylinder and free standing root. The authors conclude that cryopreserved allo-grafts allow good quality of life without use of anticoagulants and low rate of reinfection. The use of subcoronary technique for implantation must be limited and method of choice should be free-standing root, especially in cases of destructive infective or prosthetic endocarditis. Cellular engineering probably will elongate the stability of long-term results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Left ventricle dilatational lesion. Problems of nosology, diagnostics, and treatment].

The article deals with the problem concerning the use of the term "specific cardiomyopathy", adopted by WHO in 1995, in cases of advanced left ventricle lesion in patients with valvular heart defects. The group of patients with dilated left ventricle cavity, related to acquired heart diseases, is rather heterogeneous and large in number, and includes about 50% of the patients who underwent an operation. In the authors' opinion, it is reasonable to divide them into the following main subgroups: patients with quickly regressing symptomatic left ventricle dilatation, resulting from volume overload; patients with valvular cardiomyopathy (the terminal stage of heart defect); patients with left ventricle dilatational lesion, typical of the intermediate stage with characteristic pathological remodeling and the disturbance of its segmental contractility. The authors consider such a division to be useful for further study of patients with left ventricle dilatation due to valvular heart defects.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗
PubMed2003

[Current views on acquired valvular heart disease and the results of treatment].

The article deals with the problems of diagnosis of acquired valvular defects (AVD) and indication to surgical treatment of AVD in accordance with international recommendations and modern knowledge of this issue. The following AVD diagnosis methods are described: heart auscultation, echocardiography, tests with regulated load, angiographic and radionuclide methods. Among pathological conditions, more attention is placed on stenoses, aortic, mitral and tricuspid valve insufficiency, IHD. Of importance is interpretation of the data obtained at diagnostic tests in terms of indications to cardiosurgical interventions, optimization of the terms and outcomes of the surgery. Statistics are provided on natural survival of patients and efficacy of surgical treatment.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed2000

[Migration of fibroblasts into heart valve leaflet tissue in vitro].

Heart valve allografts are widely used for surgical treatment of the heart. In recent years a new field of research has emerged dealing with allograft modification by cells of recipient by means of tissue engineering. This method involves culturing fibroblasts and endothelial cells, using recipient tissue, followed by introduction of the fibroblasts into tissues of allograft and coating its surface by the endothelial cells. This modification is expected to ensure the structural maintenance of implanted tissues and to reduce its thrombogenecity. This procedure may promote the allograft adhering to the recipient tissues, thus prolonging the terms of the valve normal functioning after implantations. For this purpose, methods of luminescent microscopy are suggested using double staining of tissue with fluorescent dyes Hoechst 33,342 and ethidium bromide, or with fluorescein diacetate and ethidium bromide. Experimental results are presented indicative of fibroblast migration from the surface to the human heart valve leaflets.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Annuloplasty of the tricuspid valve with a controllable semi-ring under the control of transesophageal echocardiography].

The paper analyzes the first clinical experience with a novel procedure of tricuspid annuloplasty with a controllable semiring under the control of transesophageal echocardiography in 6 patients with tricuspid dysfunction and those with mitral and tricuspid valvular diseases. The application of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography makes it possible to control both the degree of mitral regurgitation and the severity of right atrioventricular stenosis. This echocardiography may serve a method for plastic correction of the tricuspid valve.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1992

[Multicomponent reconstructive operations on the mitral valve].

Between 1978 and 1990, 134 reconstructive operations were conducted on the mitral valve in its predominant incompetence. 50% of patients were related to functional class IV (NYHA), 76.1% had atrial fibrillation. In 44 (32.8%) patients interventions were conducted at the same time on other valves. The valvular disease was caused by rheumatism in 78.3%, congenital pathology in 10.4%, and impaired connective-tissue structure in 10.4% of cases. Hospital mortality was 5.9% (8 patients). Mortality in the group of patients with isolated annulovalvuloplasty was 4.4%. The immediate results were good in 93.3% of patients. The late results were studied in 120 patients during a maximum follow-up period of 12 years. The actuarial survival value by the 12th follow-up year was 83.5%. By that time there was no need for a repeated operation in 88.4% of patients, thrombolytic complications did not develop in 91.2% of cases, 96.7% of patients belong to functional classes I and II.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical aspects, diagnosis and surgical treatment of rupture of the mitral valve chordae].

The authors generalize experience in surgical treatment of 121 patients with mitral incompetence caused by rupture of the chordal threads. Prosthetics of the mitral valve was conducted in 103 patients, plastic correction--in 18 patients. Study of the etiomorphological aspects of the problem showed destruction of the fibrous framework of the chorda to be a compulsory component of rupture of the chordae of various origin. At the same time, there are some similar clinico-diagnostic manifestations of rupture of the chordae, which allows this form of mitral valvular disease to be set apart as an independent syndrome. Echocardiographic study is the most informative method in the diagnosis of the disease, it reveals rupture of the chordae in over 95% of cases. The immediate and late-term results of plastic operations and prosthetics were compared. Plastic operations are preferable in a favorable situation because survival after them is higher and thromboembolism does not develop even if anticoagulant therapy is not applied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of mitral and tricuspid valve defects].

The results of surgical treatment of 265 patients with mitral-tricuspid valvular diseases are analysed. The operations were carried out in the period from Jan. 1, 1977 to Jan. 1, 1990 with various plastic procedures on the tricuspid valve. Hospital mortality was 13.2%. The late-term results were studied in follow-up periods of 6 months to 12 years in 207 (90%) patients. The results were good in 187 (75.9%), satisfactory and poor in 28 (13.5%) patients; 22 (10.6%) patients died. With the hospital losses taken into account, 5-year survival came to 73% and 10-year survival to 54%. Stability of good postoperative results was 79% by the 5th year and 49% by the 10th year. Among the surviving patients 85% are related to functional classes I and II and lead an active life. Plastic operations on the tricuspid valve can be undertaken in 92% of patients with mitral-tricuspid valvular diseases; they produce good late-term results in most cases, ensure stable normalization of hemodynamics, and should be performed more often in clinical practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Regional and general left-ventricular functions after reconstructive operations and prosthesis of the mitral valve].

The authors used an original method to study the general and regional function of the left ventricle of the heart in patients in the late-term periods after complicated reconstructive operations and mitral valve prosthetics. In patients of the second group increased volumes of the heart were maintained, diminished left ventricular ejection fraction and marked disorders of function in the basal segments were revealed which the authors believe to be caused by excision of the chordo-papillary++ apparatus of the mitral valve and firm fixation of the fibrous ring by the cuff of the prosthesis. These disorders were not encountered in patients who underwent reconstructive interventions which in the presence of the appropriate indications should be the operations of choice because they facilitate fuller restoration of left ventricular function in the late-term periods after surgery.

Adult↗