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Biomedical subjects

I Hayata

Publications and source records attributed to I Hayata.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Chromosome markers in 12 inbred strains of the Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus.

Morphological details of metaphase chromosomes were compared among 12 inbred strains of rats (Rattus norvegicus) by means of conventional Giemsa staining and by a sequential Q- and C-banding method. Inter-strain variations were found in seven pairs, as identified on the basis of size differences in the short arms and/or satellites of chromosomes 3 and 12 and the X chromosome and in the centromeric C-bands of chromosomes 4, 5, 7, and 9. All pairs were homomorphic in the inbred strains, while F1 hybrids between two inbred strains showed certain heteromorphic pairs expected from the parents. These chromosome markers appear to be useful for characterization of inbred strains as well as for various genetic studies, including linkage analyses.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Development of androgen-independent spindle cell tumors from androgen-dependent medullary Shionogi carcinoma 115 in androgen-depleted nude mice.

When Shionogi carcinoma 115 (SC115, undifferentiated medullary carcinoma showing compact cell pattern and containing androgen receptor) was transplanted into male and female DS mice, it grew only in males. In contrast to this strict androgen dependency in DS hosts, tumors composed of spindle-shaped cells appeared in more than 80% of cases when SC115 tumor was inoculated into female or castrated male nude athymic (BALB/c-nu/nu) recipients. These spindle cell tumors neither contained cytosol androgen receptor nor showed biologically defined androgen dependency. As spindle cell tumors could be serially transplanted in DS mice but not in BALB/c-+/+ mice and as the original SC115 (medullary carcinoma showing a compact cell pattern) tumor and the spindle cell tumor had many identical chromosome abnormalities, these two types of tumors seem to have a common origin in spite of their morphological, biochemical, and biological differences. Since spindle cells could not be detected histologically in SC115 tumors maintained in intact male DS mice, the present results seem to suggest that SC115 cells may change their morphological, biochemical, and biological characteristics within one passage in androgen-depleted nude athymic mice.

Androgens↗
PubMed1977

N-band polymorphism of human acrocentric chromosomes and its relevance to satellite association.

With the aid of Q- and N-banding techniques we investigated the relationship between the length of satellite stalks, the appearance of N-bands and the frequency of satellite association of individual acrocentric chromosomes in the cells of seven individuals, including one male with a satellited and small Y-chromosomes. The appearance of N-bands, seemed to be a constant and characteristic property of individual acrocentric chromosomes, independent of the status of concentration of the chromosomes at metaphase. The homolog with longer satellite stalks had larger N-bands and participated in satellite association at a higher frequency than the one with shorter stalks. It appeared that N-bands were present along the whole length of the satellite stalk, the size of which could possibly reflect the amount of rDNA present in the nucleolar organizers in human chromosomes.

Chromosomes↗
PubMed1976

Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XIV. Origin of a large number of markers in a cancer.

A cancerous effusion from a patient with cancer of the breast, with a high modal number of chromosomes (81-83) and with 11-13 abnormal chromosomes (markers) of eight different origins, has been examined in detail karyotypically with C-, G-, and Q-banding techniques. Except for a rare chromosome, all the normal chromosomes were identified and, more importantly, the origin of all markers was ascertained. This study indicates the feasibility of identifying all the chromosomes in cancer cells, even in those with highly polyploid and complicated chromosome constitutions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XVII. Banding studies in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML).

Chromosomes were studied in the bone marrow and/or blood cells from 38 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). The initial analysis with conventional Giemsa staining revealed that 16 of the 38 patients with AML studied had chromosomal abnormalities. The cells of these 38 patients (16 with abnormal karyotypes and 22 with normal karyotypes) were re-examined with Q- and G-banding techniques. Twenty-two patients with conventionally stained normal karyotypes did not show any abnormalities, even with banding techniques. Three cases had a common translocation between the long arm of No. 8 and No. 21, i.e., [t(8;21)(q22;q22)], the so-called prototypic karyotype. Two cases had a 45, XX,-21 karyotype; and three cases had trisomy of the long arm of chromosome No. 1. The banding patterns revealed that in two of the three latter cases, the presence of the trisomy of the long arm of No. 1 apparently occurred late in the disease. Therefore, it is possible that the trisomy of the long arm of No. 1 might bear a relationship to selective growth advantage of the leukemic cells in some cases with AML. The presence of extra No. 8 and No. 9 chromosomes and deletion of the long arm of No. 7, frequently reported in several leukemic disorders, were also found in the present cases, but with other chromosomal abnormalities. Chromosomes No. 6,No. 15,No. 19,No. 20, and X were not involved in any structural and/or numerical changes. The present data suggest that some chromosomal changes are nonrandom in AML and that further chromosomal studies may lead to a division of AML patients into subgroups on the basis of their karyotypes.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Non-disjunction of an unusual X chromosome.

Because of multiple abnormalities in her children, a young mother was investigated and shown to have a 47,XXX chromosome constitution. Additional C group chromosomes without visible centromeric constrictions were found in a number of cells from the peripheral blood, and using C and Q banding techniques these chromosomes were identified as X chromosomes. Analysis of the banding karyotypes of 300 cells revealed that the acentric X chromosomes had the ability to replicate and that this replication was associated with non-disjunction leading to aneuploid cells. Even though cultured skin cells did not have acentric or extra chromosomes in addition to the triple-X, examination of buccal mucosa cells for the presence of X-bodies suggested that the phenomenon of non-disjunction was present in the epithelial cells of the patient. In addition to the X without a visible centromeric constriction, either acentric D or E chromosomes were found. The data suggest that a functional defect in the cells per se is responsible for the appearance of the acentric chromosomes.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Prognostic value of chromosomal findings in Ph1-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia.

Chromosome examinations were performed on bone marrows from 88 patients with Ph1-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). As a group, Ph1-positive CML patients with some cytogenetically normal cells in the marrow survived much longer than those whithout such cells in their marrow. The survival for patients whose first bone marrow exhibited only metaphases with a Ph1 and other karyotypic abnormalities was significantly shorter than that for patients whose marrow exhibited only metaphases with a Ph1 and an otherwise normal karyotype or patients whose marrow contained both categories of cells. The shorter the interval between the diagnosis of CML and the first chromosome examination, the greater the frequency of karyotypically normal cells in the bone marrow. Karyotypic progression in CML was a common phenomenon, whereas a reversion was very rare. On the basis of the findings obtained, the early diagnosis and treatment of CML are indicated, both possibly being helped by the chromosomal findings in the marrow. Furthermore, a combination of the chromosomal data and the marrow cell differential may serve as an important prognostic index in CML.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Membrane characteristics of established human T- and B-cell lines. Cross-reactivity of human T-antigenic determinants with peripheral lymphocytes of non-human primates and the presence of MLC antigens on cultured T-cell lines.

Human T-cell lines (MOLT-4 and SOMMER-T) were injected into rabbits and monkeys (stumptail and squirrel monkeys). Rabbit anti-MOLT serum was absorbed with human liver and cultured B cells. Absorbed anti-MOLT serum was cytotoxic to lymphocytes of baboons and stumptail monkeys. Rabbit anti-MOLT and SOMMER-T sera after absorption with liver and B cell showed florescent ring formation in baboon and stumptail lymphocytes by using immunoflurescence techniques. On the other hand, antisera against MOLT and SOMMER-T cells in stumptail and squirrel monkeys were not only cytotoxic to MOLT and SOMMER-T cells, but also to other T-cell lines, CCRF-CEM and CCRF-HSB-2 cells. Cultured B-cell lines stimulated allogeneic and xenogeneic (rabbit and monkeys) lymphocytes far better than cultured T-cells lines did. T-cell lines, CCRF-HSB-2 and SOMMER-T (number 8402), gave small but significant stimulation to allogenic lymphocytes especially in the presence of foetal calf serum. MOLT-4B failed to stimulatie allogeneic lymphocytes. When lymphocytes of non-human primates and rabbit were cultured with human B- and T-cell lines in the presence of foetal calf serum, CCRF-HSB-2 and SOMMER-T cells stimulated xenogeneic lymphocytes of rabbit, squirrel monkey and stumptail monkey. MOLT-4 cells stimulated lymphocytes of baboon to some extent. These results indicate that although cultured B-cell lines had more mixed lyphocyte reaction (MLR) stimulating structure than T-cell lines, the latter still maintained some stimulating structure on the membrances.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XII. Banding analysis of abnormal chromosomes in polycythemia vera.

The chromosome constitution of bone marrow cells was determined in 13 patients with polycythemia vera (PV). In 5 of these patients definite karyotypic abnormalities were found: 3 with 46,XY,Fq-; 1 with 46,XY,11q-, 13q-; and 1 with missing Y. The latter cytogenetic finding is thought not to be related to the PV. The 4 patients with partial deletions of chromosomes had been treated with 32P, and 3 of them with chemotherapy also. Karyotypes from 2 of these patients, 1 with 46,XY,20q-, and another with 46,XY,11q-,13q- were examined with G and/or Q banding. From the results of the banding analysis, it appears that the abnormal chromosomes were due to simple deletions at specific sites on their arms, particularly in the cases with the F abnormality (20q11). The breaks occurred in the regions C11q and D12q. The portions missing from the original chromosomes could not be found on any chromosome. Most patients with PV do not develop chromosomal abnormalities through the course of their disease; when such abnormalities appear (20q- in particular), they seem to result exclusively from radiation (and possibly chemo-) therapy. Thus, cytogenetic changes do not appear to play a crucial role in the genesis of PV.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XVI. Banding studies of chronic myelocytic leukemia, including five unusual Ph11 translocations.

Forty-two Ph1-positive cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) were examined with chromosomal banding techniques. Thirty-seven of these cases had the "standard" type of Ph1 translocation between chromosomes No. 9 and No. 22 [t(9;22)(q34;q11)] in the Ph1-positive marrow cells; 5 cases had unusual types of Ph1 translocation. Of the 37 cases, 21 had additional numerical and/or structural chromosomal changes, 2 had a missing Y chromosome, and 1 had an extra Ph1 in the Ph1-positive cells. In the 5 cases with unusual types of Ph1 translocation, chromosomes No. 2, No. 9 No. 10, and No. 13 were involved. The clinical picture in these 5 patients did not differ materially from that of the other Ph1-positive patients with CML, probably indicating that the recipient chromosome, with which the translocation from No. 22 takes place, does not play a crucial role in the course of the CML. In the 21 cases with abnormal karyotypes, nonrandom chromosomal changes were observed. Most of the changes were related to events occurring at the centromeric region. The prognosis of cases with only an extra No. 8 or Ph1 appears to be better than that for cases with an iso-17q [I(17a)] chromosome or other extra chromosomes. The presence of the Ph1 (delected No. 22) in every case points to the essentiality of this karyotypic findings in the diagnosis of CML and possibly in the genesis of the disease.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1975

Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. X. Banding patterns in cancerous effusions.

Cells from five cancer effusions (two ovarian carcinomas, two lung cancers, and one carcinoma of the breast) were analyzed by G-, C-, and Q-banding techniques. The following observations were made: 1) The origin of some marker chromosomes could be traced accurately by these banding techniques. 2) Several chromosomes, which appeared normal with conventional staining techniques, were found to be re-arranged ones and, hence, abnormal. 3) Chromosomes No. 1, No. 3 and No. 11 were the most frequently involved in aberrations, whereas No. 12, No. 13, No. 17-20, and No. 22 Were least frequently involved. Only in one case each was the X chromosome or the Y chromosome involved in aberrations. The Y chromosome was found to be missing in all cancer cells of one lung cancer. 4) Each effusion had characteristic markers, invariably present in each cell, whether the cells were near diploid, or polyploid. 5) No common markers were observed in the two ovarian carcinomas studied, whereas the two lung cancers had a few common markers.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Fucosidosis.

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Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗