Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Hayashi

Publications and source records attributed to I Hayashi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Clinical usefulness of the combined empirical therapy with flomoxef and fosfomycin for intractable respiratory tract infections. With a background of increasing MRSA incidence].

We conducted a multicenter trial to determine the clinical usefulness of the combined therapy with flomoxef (FMOX) and fosfomycin (FOM) (FF therapy) as an empirical therapy in the treatment of intractable respiratory tract infections, because FF therapy has clinically been proved to be very useful for the treatment of severe infections including MRSA infections. The overall efficacy rate of FF therapy was 69.2%. The efficacy rate for "pneumonia/lung abscess," which occupy the largest portions of respiratory tract infections, was 70.0%, showing a statistically significant difference from the efficacy rate for FMOX alone (56.7%) found in a previous study (P = 0.09 by chi-squared test). Although MRSA was eradicated in only 3 cases (37.5%) including superinfection cases, of 8 patients, from whom MRSA had been isolated as causative organisms, none of our patients were superinfected with MRSA. Thus it has been concluded that FF therapy is clinically very useful when used as an empirical therapy in the treatment of respiratory tract infections.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[A case of congenital ventricular diverticula].

Congenital ventricular diverticula are classified into muscular type and fibrous type. Muscular diverticula may be associated with congenital midline thoracoabdominal malformations. Fibrous diverticula, also called congenital ventricular aneurysm, are often seen in black american and South African Bantus, but very few such cases have been reported in our country. A 33-year-old Japanese male was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of chest X-ray and ECG abnormalities. UCG and cineangiography revealed an outpouching of the left ventricle. As it increased in size during the four-year follow-up, surgical resection was performed. The left ventricular diverticulum was multilobular and had a thin wall, which was excised and reconstructed with a patch. There was another small diverticulum on the free wall of the right ventricle, which was directly closed with a mattress suture. A rare case of multiple congenital fibrous ventricular diverticula with successful surgical resection was reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Establishment of a human colon cancer-derived cell line (KC-1) which produces CEA, CA 19-9 and sialyl SSEA-1(SLX)].

A human colon cancer-derived cell line, KC-1, was established from the surgical specimen of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon. The cells grew as monolayers, showing formation of irregular aggregation of cells and pleomorphic nuclei. The doubling time in vitro was 56.6 hours. The cells produced CEA, CA19-9 and sialyl SSEA-1(SLX). Chromosome numbers were distributed between 79 and 83 with many structural abnormalities. A point mutation of the Ki-ras gene in codon 61 (CAA-->CAT) was found. The cells have been subcultured 13 times during these three years. This cell line can be useful for investigations of colon cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1994

Amino acid-induced hyperfiltration--mediators and effect of captopril.

Mediators and the effect of captopril on amino acid-induced hyperfiltration were studied. Acute intravenous L-arginine (arginine) infusion tests were performed twice, without captopril administration in 6 normal subjects (group I), before and after pretreatment with captopril in 10 normal subjects (group II) and 10 IgA nephropathy patients with slight renal dysfunction (group III). It was found that in all groups with and without captopril, arginine infusion led to a significant decrease in renal vascular resistance, and significant increases in renal plasma flow and plasma glucagon level. GFR was significantly increased in response to arginine only in normals without captopril pretreatment. Captopril pretreatment attenuated the rise in GFR following arginine infusion in normal subjects. Plasma renin activity and urinary cGMP were significantly increased in response to arginine only in normals without captopril pretreatment. No significant increase in urinary PGE2 was observed after arginine infusion in any groups. It was concluded that cGMP and glucagon are possible mediators for arginine-induced hyperfiltration and inhibition of renin-angiotensin system attenuates the arginine-induced rise in GFR.

Arginine↗
PubMed1994

[Laboratory and clinical studies on combined effects of fosfomycin plus sulbactam/cefoperazone for mixed infections of MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

The time-lag/sequential/step by step chemotherapy by fosfomycin plus sulbactam/cefoperazone including a short time small dose of steroid was done for 27 severely infected patients suffered from various cancer or other severe basal diseases. And the staggered "intensive" chemotherapy with added arbekacin or vancomycin to the previous staggered chemotherapy was done against 13 severely infected patients having MRSAs among their infecting pathogens. 1. Bacteriological effects Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6/8, Staphylococcus epidermidis 5/5, Enterococcus faecalis 3/6, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 2/2, Klebsiella pneumoniae 2/2, MRSA 2/2, Xanthomonas maltophilia 2/3 and other 10/10 were eradicated (84.2%) by the staggered chemotherapy and MRSA 7/13, P. aeruginosa 3/4, E. faecalis 3/5, A. calcoaceticus 2/2, X. maltophilia 1/1 and others 2/2 were eradicated (53.8% in MRSA, 78.6% in others and 66.7% in total) and 3 of MRSAs were colonized. 2. Clinical effects 1) Staggered chemotherapy: Excellent 18/27, good 8/27, fair 1/27, poor 0/27 (96.3%). 2) Staggered "intensive" chemotherapy: Excellent 6/13, good 4/13, fair 2/13, poor 1/13 (76.9%) in total: excellent 60.0%, efficacy rate 90.0%.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Phase I/II study of a combination regimen composed of cisplatin, carboplatin and etoposide against small cell lung cancer].

Phase I/II study of combination regimen composed of cisplatin (CDDP), carboplatin (CBDCA) and etoposide (VP-16) [CPVP] was conducted for small cell lung cancer. The dose level of VP-16 was fixed at 100 mg/m2, while the dosages of CDDP and CBDCA administered at each of the 4 steps were 50/200, 60/200, 60/250 and 70/250 mg/m2, respectively. Nine patients were allocated to each step dose group. Toxicities were evaluated in the first 2 courses to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). As a result, step 3 dosages proved to be MTD, and the dose limiting factor (DLF) was hematotoxicity, but gastro-intestinal toxicity was tolerated. The response (CR+PR) was found in 21 out of 23 patients with evaluable lesions (91%). In the 22 patients who had not received pretreatment, median survival time (M ST) was 16.4 months. These results suggest that the recommended dose is step 2, and that the CPVP regimen is both more tolerable and more effective than the standard regimen. The CPVP regimen warrants further study in phase III trials.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Nationwide investigation in Japan of the status of MRSA infections and usefulness of arbekacin].

A clinical investigation on MRSA infections, and the determination of the efficacy and usefulness of arbekacin (ABK) were performed an "MRSA Forum" composed of 18 groups including 115 institutions in Japan. Patients with infectious diseases clearly related with MRSA, a total of 348 (males: 237, females: 111), were evaluated, 74/274 patients were treated with ABK alone/combination with ABK. Most of them (94.6%/96.4%) had underlying diseases and they had pneumonia (38/175), sepsis (6/35) or other infections (30/64). Infections by MRSA alone were noted in 41/159 and polymicrobial infections including with MRSA were in 33/115. 53.6%/56.4% of MRSA were eradicated and bacteriological clinical efficacies were 75.6%/67.9% in single infections and 63.6%/71.3% in polymicrobial infections. The clinical efficacies were obtained in 70.3%/69.3% of total and in 60.5%/72.0% of pneumonia and in 90.0%/80.8% of the patients pretreated with other drugs within 3 days previously. Efficacy rates were 78.6%/71.4% in 30 minute's div and 63.2%/66.4% in 60 minute's div. Adverse effects were found in 4.76%/5.70% including renal function disorder (2/11) but no case was serious. Abnormal laboratory test results were noted in 15.4%. ABK is effective against MRSA infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Questionnaires regarding MRSA in Japan].

UNLABELLED: Changes in properties of MRSA and the status of MRSA infections in the last two years were investigated by an MRSA Forum composed of 18 groups including 115 medical institutions in Japan. And an opinion poll regarding MRSA was taken by professional doctors (41) and general clinical doctors (323). Points of discussion: 1. Did properties of MRSA change? 2. Did the pattern of MRSA infections change? 3. Did the understanding of MRSA change? 4. What is the relationship between MRSA and the 3rd cephems? 5. How is MRSA related to polymicrobial infections? 6. Is ABK useful against MRSA infections? 7. What will be future trend in characteristics of MRSA and MRSA infections? CONCLUSIONS: 1. MRSA has become more resistant to methicillin however it seemed to have become less toxic. 2. Severe MRSA infections are decreasing and colonizations are increasing. 3. There were some differences in attitude against MRSA between professional doctors and general clinical doctors. 4. The 3rd cephem should be used reasonably. 5. MRSA infections should be treated with polymicrobial infections in consideration. 6. MRSA did not gain resistance against ABK and ABK is useful against MRSA infections. 7. Problems of MRSA will cool down but they should always be kept in our mind.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1994

[A survey of Staphylococcus aureus for typing and drug-resistance in various areas of Japan during 1992 and 1993].

Data on Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated at various areas in Japan during 1992 and 1993 were collected and analysed. Among 7,033 strains examined, 60.3% were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), 86% of which were isolated from inpatients. MRSA were isolated most often (38%) from departments of internal medicine, followed by departments of surgery (13%). The most frequent source of MRSA was sputa (38%), followed by pus (18%). As for coagulase types, 69% of MRSA were Type II and next most frequent was Type VII (24%). Among MSSA strains, Type VII (35%) and Type III (32%) were the most frequent. Frequencies of beta-lactamase-producing strains were 68% in MRSA and 59% in MSSA. More than 80% of MRSA strains were resistant to beta-lactams. The frequencies of resistance to fosfomycin, ofloxacin, minocycline and gentamicin were 88%, 72%, 19% and 66%, respectively. Less than 3% of MRSA strains were resistant to arbekacin or vancomycin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1994

[Laboratory and clinical study on combined effects of fosfomycin plus sulbactam/cefoperazone for mixed infections of MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been a major bacterial partner when MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is isolated clinically. Hence, we studied the in vitro combined effect of fosfomycin (FOM) plus sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) against mixed infections of MRSA and P. aeruginosa. The combined effect of FOM plus SBT/CPZ was observed through an FIC index using the checkerboard method, log reduction of colony counts on the time killing curve, and morphological changes observed using scanning electron micrography. Under serum concentration at 3 hours after administration in consider of pharmacokinetics, the combination effect was also evaluated. Furthermore, we evaluated a time-lag combination therapy in which FOM is administered 60 minutes before SBT/CPZ administration for mixed infections. Synergistic effects of FOM plus SBT/CPZ were clearly observed against mixed infections of MRSA and P. aeruginosa. Log reduction of colony counts on the time killing curve seemed to be an appropriate indicator in the evaluation of synergistic effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Fractional mean transit time in transplanted kidneys studied by technetium-99m-DTPA: comparison of clinical and biopsy findings.

UNLABELLED: To determine the usefulness of fractional mean transit time (MTT) in the differential diagnosis of postrenal transplant complications, 99mTc-DTPA was used to evaluate differences in MTT between the outer zone (cortical nephron) and middle zone (juxtamedullary nephron, calcyces and cortical nephron) of the kidney. It is well known that acute rejection is characterized by delayed cortical transit time, whereas cortical nephron function is well maintained and juxtamedullary function is impaired after renal ischemia. METHODS: Technetium-99m-DTPA fractional MTT was determined by deconvolution analysis of 89 renograms obtained within 5 days of the date of kidney graft biopsy and evaluation. RESULTS: Outer zone MTT was significantly shorter than middle zone MTT in normals (2.7 +/- 0.4 versus 3.0 +/- 0.6 min, n = 22, p < 0.001), acute tubular necrosis (3.4 +/- 1.1 versus 3.6 +/- 1.4 min, n = 19, p < 0.01), chronic rejection (3.9 +/- 1.5 versus 5.0 +/- 2.3 min, n = 14, p < 0.001) and obstruction (4.1 +/- 0.6 versus 8.9 +/- 3.4 min, n = 13, p < 0.001). In contrast, outer zone MTT was significantly longer than middle zone MTT in acute rejection (4.8 +/- 3.2 versus 4.2 +/- 2.5 min, n = 21, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Fractional MTT was demonstrated to be useful in differentiating acute rejection and ATN in transplanted kidneys.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Reoperation and PTCA after coronary artery bypass graft].

Since 1984, 1410 patients underwent coronary bypass grafting at Juntendo University Hospital. At the primary operation 797 patients had internal thoracic artery (ITA) graft and 613 patients received only saphenous vein graft (SVG). Reoperation was done in one pt. in ITA group and 10 pts. in SVG group. There were 2 deaths (reoperative mortality 18%). Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty to stenotic SVG was applied to 71 lesions in CABG patients. The primary success rate was 81.7% and restenosis rate was 38.9%. Urgent reoperation was performed on 3 pts. who had PTCA to diseased LAD or stenotic SVG to LAD. Reoperation is technically demanding and is associated with high mortality. Balloon angioplasty may provide a suitable alternative. But high restenosis rate (especially acute stenosis) remains a significant problem, particularly in the pts. with diseased LAD or stenotic vein graft to LAD. Reoperation is another option to relieve the ischemic symptoms in pts. with diseased LAD or stenotic vein graft to LAD.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A point mutation of alanine 163 to threonine is responsible for the defective secretion of high molecular weight kininogen by the liver of brown Norway Katholiek rats.

To clarify the mechanism of the secretion defect of high molecular weight kininogen (HK) and low molecular weight kininogen (LK) by the liver of Brown Norway (B/N) Katholiek rats causing plasma kininogen deficiency, we cloned cDNAs for HK from cDNA libraries of the livers of B/N Katholiek and B/N Kitasato rats. A point mutation of G to A at nucleotide 487 was found in the cDNA of B/N Katholiek rats by sequence analysis of the cDNAs (including the entire HK-coding region) obtained from both strains. Both B/N Katholiek and B/N Kitasato rat cDNA fragments were introduced into a eukaryotic vector, pRc/CMV, to construct their respective expression plasmid, which was used to transfect COS-1 cells. At 24 h of incubation, the culture medium of COS-1 cells transfected with the B/N Katholiek rat cDNA contained only 10% of the HK antigen that was found in COS-1 cells transfected with the B/N Kitasato rat cDNA. More HK antigen was retained in the former cells. Moreover, cells transfected with B/N Katholiek rat cDNA, in which the A at nucleotide 487 was artificially replaced by G, secreted a significant amount of HK into the medium. These results suggest that a point mutation of G to A at nucleotide 487, which causes a substitution of Ala163 to Thr in the heavy chain of HK and LK, is responsible for the defective secretion of HK and LK by the liver of B/N Katholiek rats.

Alanine↗
PubMed1993

Papillary cystic tumors of the pancreas. Assessment of their malignant potential.

BACKGROUND: Although the biologic characteristics of papillary cystic tumors (PCT) generally indicate a good prognosis, a malignant form has been reported. METHODS: Twenty-two examples of PCT were examined to assess their malignant potential by histologic, flow cytometric, and immunohistochemical studies. RESULTS: Three had hepatic, peritoneal, and/or lymph node metastases (metastasizing tumors [MT]); the other 19 PCT had no such metastatic features (nonmetastasizing tumors [NMT]). Venous invasion was detected in all three MT and two NMT. Compared with the 19 NMT, the MT had a higher nuclear grade and more prominent necrobiotic nests characterized by aggregates of cells with pyknotic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. In the flow cytometric analysis of cellular DNA content, one MT was aneuploid, and eight NMT were diploid. Immunohistochemically, there was no difference between the MT and NMT. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the assumption that venous invasion, nuclear grade, and prominent necrobiotic nests are useful as histologic parameters to detect the malignant potential of PCT.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Intrahepatic splenosis mimicking a liver tumor.

A rare case of ectopic splenic tissue in the liver is presented which mimicked a liver tumor. It is considered that some splenic tissue was seeded in the liver during the splenectomy that the patient underwent 23 years ago. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and angiographic features of this lesion were almost indistinguishable from those of other liver tumors.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1993

The kinin released from high molecular weight-kininogen is responsible for inflammatory exudation in rats: detection of kinin-free-kininogen in the exudate by immunoblot analysis.

Kinin release and its involvement in inflammatory exudation were assessed by immuno-blot analysis of the kinin-precursor protein, high molecular weight kininogen (HK). HK consists of heavy (H) chain, bradykinin and light (L) chain. After bradykinin was released by plasma kallikrein, HK remains two-chain-kinin-free form;, i.e., H-chain and L-chain link each other through a disulfide bond. By Western blot analysis using antibody recognizing the light chain of HK, a band of 110-kD mass, which corresponds to intact HK, was detected in plasma after SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, while a 46-kD band, corresponding to the light chain of HK, but no 110-kD band, was found in the exudate of rats with carrageenin-induced pleurisy at 3 hr as well as at 16 h. This result indicates that in the exudate most all of the HK molecules had released kinin to form kinin-free-HK, whereas the HK in the plasma remained intact. On the contrary, low molecular weight kininogen (LK) in the exudate was mostly in its intact form. These results indicate that plasma kallikrein could be activated in the exudate to release kinin from HK, as it reacts exclusively with HK and not with LK, and they are also mostly consistent with the features of the kinin release from the exudate and the plasma. That is, no kinin was detected in the exudate when the latter was incubated with plasma kallikrein, whereas salivary kallikrein did release kinin, indicating that kinin had already been released from HK, but not from LK in the exudate. Immunoblot analysis of HK in the pleural exudate also demonstrated no kinin involvement in phorbol myristate acetate- or zymosan-induced pleurisy, since no light chain band, but an intact HK band, was found in the exudates from these pleurisies.

Animals↗