Eikenella corrodens osteomyelitis of the spine.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
I Harper
Publications and source records attributed to I Harper.
Effects of NIDDM on very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride and apolipoprotein B metabolism. Studies before and after sulfonylurea therapy.
To evaluate mechanisms of diabetes-induced changes in very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), VLDL triglyceride (TG) and VLDL apolipoprotein B (apoB) metabolism were studied in 12 obese Pima Indian control subjects and in 15 Pima Indian obese non-insulin-dependent diabetics. Eleven of the diabetics were restudied after reduction of hyperglycemia with oral sulfonylurea therapy. In addition, adipose, muscle, and postheparin lipoprotein lipase and postheparin hepatic lipase activities were measured in all subjects. Obese diabetics as compared with obese controls showed a trend toward increased production of VLDL TG (46 +/- 4 vs. 35 +/- 6 g/day, P = .10) but not of VLDL apoB (1595 +/- 106 vs. 1597 +/- 164 mg/day, NS); production of VLDL TG declined to control levels (33 +/- 4 g/day, P less than .05) during therapy, whereas there was no change in production of VLDL apoB. Diabetics had a clearance defect for VLDL, indicated by significantly lower fractional catabolic rates for both VLDL TG (10.6 +/- .9 vs. 13.1 +/- .9 pools/day, P less than .05) and VLDL apoB (5.6 +/- .4 vs. 7.5 +/- 0.7, P less than .05) as compared with controls; fractional catabolic rates increased after therapy (to 13.3 +/- 1.5, P less than .05, and 6.7 +/- .4, P less than .05, respectively). In the diabetics, this decrease in clearance was accompanied by a lower adipose lipoprotein lipase (.30 +/- .09 vs. .92 +/- .25 mumol X g-1 X h-1, P less than .01), which increased during therapy (to .61 +/- .17, P less than .05). Hepatic lipase also decreased significantly after therapy (27.4 +/- 3.6 to 26.4 +/- 3.2, P less than .01). Composition of VLDL in diabetics was also abnormal, indicated by a higher TG/apoB ratio (14.7 +/- .6 vs. 11.7 +/- .8, P less than .01); this ratio fell during therapy (to 12.5 +/- .8, P less than .05). The data indicate there are multiple abnormalities in structure and metabolism of VLDL in non-insulin-dependent diabetics. Control of hyperglycemia with sulfonylureas has the capability of reversing some of these abnormalities.
Adult↗
Effect of sulfonylurea therapy on plasma lipids and high-density lipoprotein composition in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
To assess the effects of sulfonylurea therapy on plasma lipids and high-density lipoprotein composition, 11 obese diabetic Pima Indians with type II, or non-insulin-dependent, diabetes mellitus were studied before and after tolazamide therapy for one month. Diet composition and weight were kept constant, and the data were compared with a control group of 18 age-, sex-, and weight-matched non-diabetic subjects. Improvement of glycemic control was accompanied by significant decreases in total and very-low-density lipoprotein triglycerides. Total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol also declined significantly, and there was an increase in the ratio of high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Concentrations of total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, phospholipid, and apolipoprotein AI were unchanged. An increase in the proportion of the high-density lipoprotein 2 subfraction, however, was suggested by significant increases in the ratios of high-density lipoprotein 2 to high-density lipoprotein 3 cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI. There was also a change in the composition of the high-density lipoprotein 2 particle, as indicated by changes in the molar ratio of cholesterol to apolipoprotein AI. The data suggest that improvement of glycemic control after sulfonylurea therapy, when weight and diet composition remain constant, reverses several of the lipoprotein abnormalities observed in type II diabetic patients. There was no evidence of changes in lipoproteins in directions associated with an increased risk for atherosclerosis.
Adipose Tissue↗
Fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibodies to detect Chlamydia trachomatis in smears.
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Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Viral infection and psychiatric disorders.
A psychiatric population of 94 inpatients and 12 outpatients was investigated on referral to a psychiatric unit in a general hospital for serum antibody titres to several viruses by a complement fixation technique. Of the total population studied, only eight were considered to have antibody titres of possible significance. This result would appear to indicate that viral infection does not play a major part in the causation or precipitation of psychiatric disorders.
Adenoviridae↗
Lack of sex differences in high density lipoproteins in Pima Indians. Studies of obesity, lipase activities, and steroid hormones.
To investigate the reasons for the lack of sex differences in high density lipoproteins (HDL) observed in population studies of the Pima Indians, we selected 18 lean (9 men, 9 women, body mass index (BMI) less than 27) and 22 obese (12 men, 10 women, BMI greater than 27) Pima Indians for an inpatient study of HDL composition. We measured lipase activities and steroid hormone concentrations, both of which have previously been implicated in the control of HDL. The lean women had higher concentrations of HDL and HDL2 than did either the obese women or the lean or obese men. Lean women had significantly lower hepatic lipase activities and significantly higher concentrations of estradiol compared to obese women. Lean women also had different HDL2 composition, as indicated by the molar ratio of HDL2 cholesterol/A-I. Significant negative correlations between HDL and obesity measured by either BMI or percent body fat were observed in both sexes, but the slope of the relationship was steeper in women. Significant negative associations were observed between HDL or HDL2 concentrations and hepatic lipase in both sexes, and there were significant positive associations between HDL2 and plasma estradiol in women. The data suggest that obesity in this population has a stronger negative influence on HDL concentrations in women, possibly through changes in estradiol and hepatic lipase activities. Since there are so few lean women in the Pima population, the net result is that HDL levels in women in the population as a whole do not differ from those of men.
Adult↗