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Biomedical subjects

I Hara

Publications and source records attributed to I Hara.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Relationship between exposure to chlorpyrifos and concentration of urinary alkylphosphates in termite control workers].

Chlorpyrifos (O, O-diethyl-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl phosphorothioate; CP) has been used for insecticide to prevent infestation of termites. A study was made on occupational exposure to CP of termite control workers engaged in spraying this organophosphorus insecticide. Workers were engaged in two types of spraying; that is spraying CP under floor and spraying CP around house. All the under-floor sprayers wore respirators during spraying. CP levels in air near the breathing zone, contact amounts of CP with skin, and urinary alkylphosphates levels were higher in the under-floor sprayers than in the around-house sprayers. The personal ambient CP levels of the under-floor sprayers were 0.012 to 0.145 (8 h-TWA, mg/m3) lower than the threshold limit value (0.2 mg/m3) proposed by ACGIH. A maximum diethylphosphate (DEP) excretion was observed in the first urine collected the next day, while the highest diethylthiophosphate (DETP) was excreted in the last urine in the working day. In the excretion amount, DEP was higher than DETP. Amounts of CP collected in respirators used by the under-floor spraymen averaged 0.76 mg/respiratory comparable to their estimated theoretical value of 0.69 mg/m3. The urinary total alkylphosphate (DEP + DETP) level was more closely correlated with the contact amount of CP with skin (r = 0.86) than with the personal ambient CP level (r = 0.05). These results indicate that 1) respiratory absorption of CP was prevented by the use of respirator; 2) the urinary alkylphosphates were mainly derived from the dermal absorption of CP; and 3) biological monitoring using urinary alkylphosphates levels is an useful index for CP exposure.

Chlorpyrifos↗
PubMed1989

[A questionnaire study on health of taxi drivers--relations to work conditions and daily life].

A questionnaire survey was conducted on 5,523 taxi drivers in Osaka Prefecture to investigate their working conditions and daily life as well as characteristics of their health condition and various effects on health, especially on their cardiovascular system. The major results of this survey were as follows: 1) The rate of subjective symptoms, morbidity rate and rate of poor physical condition over the past year in the taxi drivers were higher than those of the control group. Among the subjective symptoms, the rate of gastrointestinal disorders, fatigue, musculoskeletal system disorders, sensory system disorders, hemorrhoids, etc. was especially high. 2) Work shift, density of work, years of experience in taxi-driving, frequency of fright while driving, pattern of taking meals, way of recuperation on rest days or holidays, obesity, smoking, and intake of coffee and alcohol were found to be factors affecting the health of taxi drivers. 3) Nearly half of the respondents said that they would like to quit or change their job with as much as 62% giving "condition of health" as reason. On the other hand, the rate of heart-related symptoms such as palpitation, and breathlessness did not differ from that of the control group. The possible reason for this deduced from the foregoing results, is that there were some who had changed or quit the job at an early stage for health reasons such as heart trouble and severe physical and mental burden resulting from taxi driving. 4) Many taxi driver are obese and the rate of those with heart-related symptoms was considerably high among those classified as obese. In addition, the results showed that those with longer driving experience tended to be obese.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of the nephrotoxicity of aromatic nitro-amino compounds by urinary enzyme activities.

Nephrotoxicity of some aromatic nitro-amino compounds were evaluated by urinary enzyme activities and renal histopathological changes. Male Fischer 344 rats were intraperitoneally injected with aniline, p-aminophenol, acetyl-p-aminophenol, p-chloroaniline, p-chloronitrobenzene, p-anisidine, or p-nitroaniline at 1.0 mmol/kg. In the rats injected with p-aminophenol, necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells and remarkable elevation of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP) activities were observed. Injection with p-chloroaniline caused significant elevation of the urinary NAG and gamma-GTP activities. p-Anisidine and p-nitroaniline induced swelling of the tubular epithelial cells and a significant elevation in urinary NAG activities in rats, which was also caused by p-chloronitrobenzene. However, administration of aniline or acetyl-p-aminophenol did not change either the urinary enzymes or renal histopathology. These results indicate that p-aminophenol is a highly nephrotoxic substance, and that nephrotoxicity of p-chloroaniline, p-chloronitrobenzene, p-anisidine and p-nitroaniline exceed that of acetyl-p-aminophenol which has been known to cause a renal damage.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of M-VAC chemotherapy (methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin) for advanced urothelial cancer].

Combination chemotherapy with methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin (M-VAC regimen) was administered to 12 patients with advanced epithelial cancer of the urinary tract in a clinical trial undertaken to assess clinical efficacy of this multiagent therapy. This series comprised 11 males and 1 female ranging in age from 46 to 76 years (mean age: 63), with performance status (PS) being rated 0 in 2, 1 in 5, 2 in 2, 3 in 2 and 4 in 1 of these 12 patients. The site of primary lesion was bladder in 8, renal pelvis in 3 and ureter in 1. Histologically, these tumors were all identified as transitional cell carcinoma (grade 3) with the exception of 1 mixed type (transitional cell carcinoma plus squamous carcinoma). Nine of the patients had already their primary tumor resected surgically while the remaining 3 had undergone only biopsy. The site of metastasis was lung in 7, bone in 4 and lymph nodes in 3. In consideration of the patients' general condition, the dosages of the chemotherapeutic agents were set at 80% of those recommended by Sternberg. Of the 9 patients with primary tumor resected, 1 died of chemotherapy; of the remaining 9 patients, the M-VAC regimen brought about CR in 1 and PR in 4, hence with a response rate of 62.5%. The 4 patients showing PR underwent surgical resection of residual tumor and 2 of them achieved CR and have been free of a recurrence during a 33- or 29-month period of the chemotherapeutic regimen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Asbestos fibre content of lungs with mesotheliomas in Osaka, Japan: a preliminary report.

That crocidolite and amosite are both associated with the development of mesothelioma is now well established, but earlier studies have failed to find an excess of chrysotile in lungs with mesotheliomas as compared with the amounts in lungs of unaffected controls. In an attempt to clarify the importance of fibre type in tissue, an examination of a series of mesotheliomas is being undertaken in Osaka, Japan. A total of 23 mesotheliomas and 5 rejected cases reviewed by the Osaka Mesothelioma Panel were examined for the types of asbestos and semiquantitative fibre content by means of a transmission electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray analyser. Asbestos fibres were detected in 19 of the 23 mesotheliomas (21 pleura, 1 pericardium, 1 peritoneum; 19 males, 4 females). Amphibole fibres were found in 13 cases. Five pleural and one peritoneal mesothelioma were found to have only chrysotile fibres. One female pleural mesothelioma with neighbourhood exposure had short chrysotile fibres. Among the 5 rejected cases, only one case with occupational exposure had both chrysotile and amosite fibres. A group of 17 controls were also examined and asbestos fibres were found in 5. Our data, while not definitive, suggest that mesotheliomas can be induced in humans, not only by crocidolite and amosite, but also by chrysotile, though possibly to a lesser extent.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1989

Solitary retroperitoneal neurofibroma: a case report.

A solitary neurofibroma arising in the retroperitoneal space without any other stagma of von Recklinghausen's disease is reported. Confusion with another nerve sheath tumor, a schwannoma is a diagnostic pitfall. Histochemical and immunohistochemical stainings of the tumor are useful for the diagnosis of solitary neurofibroma.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Determination of 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) in urine by liquid chromatography with ion-paired solid-phase extraction and electrochemical detection.

This highly specific and sensitive method for measuring urinary 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MBOCA) involves liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Before chromatography, urine samples are prepared by ion-paired solid-phase extraction on a disposable octadecylsilica column with acidic methanol solution containing 1-heptanesulfonic acid. This enhances the specificity of the method. Mean overall recovery ranged from 97.1% to 99.5% at added MBOCA concentrations of 20 and 100 micrograms/L in urine. Sensitivity for urine was 1 microgram/L. The intra-assay CV was 2.2% at a MBOCA concentration of 100 micrograms/L. We believe that this method is acceptable for routine measurement of MBOCA in urine from individuals exposed to this industrial chemical.

Benzhydryl Compounds↗
PubMed1987

Two cases of primary neuroblastoma of the kidney in adults.

Primary neuroblastoma of the kidney in adults is an extremely rare neoplasm that had not been described in the literature until 1986. The diagnosis can be made by histopathological examination only. We report 2 unusual cases of neuroblastoma of the kidney in adults. In both patients right nephrectomy was performed after the diagnosis of right renal cell carcinoma was made. Histological examination revealed the tumors to be primary neuroblastomas of the right kidney. In the first patient cobalt therapy was administered to the tumor bed and para-aortic area. Followup at 5 years revealed no sign of tumor recurrence. Progressive disseminated disease has been documented in the second patient despite postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with combined cis-platinum and epipodophyllotoxin, and combined vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and dimethyl-tri-azeno imidazole carboxamine.

Adult↗