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Caregivers↗
Biomedical subjects
I Grant
Publications and source records attributed to I Grant.
The influence of HIV-related support groups on survival in women who lived with HIV. A pilot study.
To determine the effect of support groups on survival, the authors retrospectively studied 21 HIV-seropositive women who died during the course of participation in a natural history study of HIV. Groups were composed of women who self-selected HIV support groups before death (n = 11) and a comparison group (n = 10). Survival analysis found group participation to be associated with increased longevity (73 months vs. 45 months; P = 0.011). Proportional-hazards regression demonstrated that HIV-related support groups and smaller family size significantly influenced survival (P = 0.0002). Factors related to group participation and ways in which support groups might promote longevity are discussed.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Down-regulation of albumin synthesis in the rat by human recombinant interleukin-1 beta or turpentine and the response to nutrients.
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory stimuli and provision of nutrients are important factors regulating both total liver protein synthesis and albumin synthesis. METHODS: The influence of interleukin-1 beta or turpentine injection and a 2-hour infusion of a hypocaloric mixture of glucose and amino acids on the synthesis of total liver protein and albumin was investigated in rats. Total liver protein synthesis was measured by an i.v. flooding dose of L-[2,6(3)H]phenylalanine and albumin synthesis was determined from the labeling of immunoprecipitated albumin and expressed both as a fraction of total liver protein synthesis and as an absolute rate. RESULTS: Interleukin-1 beta or turpentine injection stimulated total liver protein synthesis compared with controls, whereas albumin synthesis, both as a fraction of total liver protein synthesis and as an absolute synthesis rate, decreased. In control animals, the 2-hour i.v. infusion with glucose and amino acids resulted in a significant increase of total liver protein synthesis. Albumin synthesis as a fraction of total liver protein synthesis was not altered, but increased when expressed as an absolute rate in control animals. However, interleukin-1 beta or turpentine injection abolished this response of albumin synthesis to nutrient supply. CONCLUSIONS: Total liver protein synthesis increases under inflammatory conditions and remains responsive to nutrient supply. In contrast, albumin synthesis decreases under the same conditions and does not seem to be responsive to short-term i.v. nutrients.
Acute-Phase Proteins↗
Caring for the carers of people with mental health problems.
A ward manager has set up a forum where carers of relatives or friends with mental health problems can discuss and find solutions to their problems. In 1994, relatives and carers were invited to join the special hospital-based group, which met every fortnight. The ward manager was present in a facilitative role, but a 'bottom-up' approach focused on the needs and wishes of participants. In this paper, the author stresses the importance of respecting participants' views, and communicating complaints to the relevant hospital departments.
Adaptation, Psychological↗