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Biomedical subjects

I Fraser

Publications and source records attributed to I Fraser.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Motility changes associated with large bowel obstruction and its surgical relief.

Strain gauges and electrodes to detect intestinal motility were attached to the terminal ileum, right and left sides of the colon in Rhesus monkeys. Baseline recordings were made. An obstruction device was applied to the left colon at a laparotomy. Compromise of the bowel lumen leading to total obstruction occurred at 13 +/- 2 days. As obstruction progressed, contractions decreased in the terminal ileum and right colon but increased in the left colon proximal to the obstruction. Distention wave forms increased in the colon proximal to the obstruction. Visible intestinal movement, borborygmi and signs suggesting colic were accompanied by a motility phenomenon, simultaneous mass actions, not seen in normal unobstructed bowel. The obstructed segment was resected and an anastomosis made. The motility recordings revealed that postoperative ileus persisted for less than 48 hours and motility returned to normal significantly earlier than after a control laparotomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The effect of intralipid on human lymphocyte and monocyte function.

Peripheral blood lymphocyte function (PHA) was unaffected by Intralipid in patients receiving lipid as part of a parenteral nutrition regime, and in volunteers receiving a small intravenous bolus. However monocyte function (chemotaxis) was significantly impaired by Intralipid in both groups. Three measures of monocyte function confirmed depression following in vitro exposure to Intralipid. Electronmicrographs of circulating monocytes and autoradiographs of cells exposed to 14C-Intralipid in vitro suggested that this detrimental effect on monocytes may follow phagocytosis of lipid particles. These findings suggest that caution should be exercised with the use of Intralipid in patients at particular risk of sepsis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

Ligature applicator and tier.

A new instrument is described which holds, carries and ties ligatures in areas where access is limited or vision obscured during traditional hand tying. It has been used during deep pelvic surgery, for cholecystectomy, in highly selective vagotomy and may be useful in peraxillary transthoracic cervical sympathectomy.

Ligation↗
PubMed1982

Agglutination of intralipid by sera of acutely ill patients.

The serum of over half of a group of acutely ill patients agglutinated "Intralipid' a fat emulsion based on soya bean oil designed for intravenous infusion. This reaction is probably precipitated by C-reactive protein in the presence of calcium ions. Post-mortem examinations of patients who had received intralipid showed evidence of microembolism which could have been caused by agglutination of intralipid. If this is the case then intralipid should perhaps not be given to these acutely ill patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

A randomised prospective trial of two drainage methods after cholecystectomy.

A prospective trial is described in which simple tube drainage was compared with suction drainage after cholecystectomy. Postoperative chest infection and infected or painful drain wounds were both significantly more common with simple tube drains. Postoperative discomfort was more frequent with tube drains in situ and wound infection more common in the suction group, but neither of these differences was statistically significant. The mean volume of fluid drained and duration of hospital stay did not differ between methods. It is concluded that both methods are satisfactory, but suction drainage is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The Depo-Provera debate. Commentary on the article "Depo-Provera, a critical analysis".

A widely publicized article has in recent months caused a great deal of concern among individuals interested in responsible promotion of family planning. The article contains a long series of factual errors, distortions and biased quotations. This commentary presents evidence, based on current knowledge, that Depo-Provera is a satisfactory contraceptive with several advantages and some disadvantages, and poses no more unresolved problems than oral contraceptives. There is no evidence that, at contraceptive doses, it increases the risk of cancer, impairs bone mineralization, "shocks" the hypothalamus, damages the liver or the immune system, or causes premature aging. Studies to date have not shown damaging effects on infants exposed to the drug in utero or via breast milk. To most women, disruption of the menstrual cycle, the major side effect, is not a health hazard. Finally, women in various parts of the world have shown to be quite capable of choosing for themselves whether or not the advantages of the drug can overcome the disadvantage of almost certain menstrual disturbance.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Local production of antisperm antibodies in infertile women.

The presence and significance of locally produced antisperm antibody in 20 well-documented infertile patients has been investigated. Sera and vaginal washings both from patients and from fertile controls were examined for antisperm antibody by means of four methods. Antisperm antibody was detected in 25% of the washings taken from infertile patients, but in none of those from fertile women. Detection of antibody by the microimmobilization technique discriminated best between infertile and fertile women both in serum (P=0.0166) and in washings (P=0.0166). The results of this study support the concept that locally produced antisperm antibody contributes to conception failure in a subgroup of infertile women, and that the routine study both of sera and of vaginal washings of infertile patients has practical value.

Adult↗