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Biomedical subjects

I E Selman

Publications and source records attributed to I E Selman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The prevalence of serum neutralizing antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in Scotland.

The prevalence of serum neutralizing antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in 1152 serum samples from adult cattle in 114 dairy and beef herds in different regions of Scotland was 12%. In the Grampian region, the number of seropositive cattle in the self-contained herds was significantly less (P less than 0.01) than in the "other" herds. Holstein cattle had been introduced into five of these "other" herds, and significantly more (P less than 0.01) of the samples from these five herds were seropositive compared with the samples from the rest of the "other" herds in the same region into which recently purchased cattle had been introduced. The introduction of Holstein cattle was also a major factor in the association between the prevalence of antibodies and herd size in the Grampian region. The prevalence of serum neutralizing antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus was significantly greater (P less than 0.001) in this survey than in those previously undertaken in the United Kingdom.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Clinical and epidemiological features of 15 incidents of severe infectious bovine rhinotracheitis.

Fifteen incidents of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) were studied in herds distributed widely throughout northern Britain. Fattening beef animals (10 outbreaks), dairy cattle (four outbreaks) and suckler beef cows (one outbreak) were affected and all bar one incident occurred in housed cattle during the winter. The first signs of illness noticed were a reduced appetite, dullness, coughing and oculonasal discharge. In 13 of the incidents they were observed in cattle purchased from a market within the previous four weeks. In every outbreak, affected animals developed a serous nasal discharge which became purulent in severe cases. In the early stages the nasal mucosa was congested but later yellow-brown diphtheritic plaques developed. In such animals halitosis was always detected. Soft coughing was frequently heard but pneumonia was rarely confirmed ante mortem. Conjunctivitis and ocular discharge were a major finding in 13 incidents and, in severely affected cases, conjunctival oedema was seen. The drooling of saliva was noticed in 14 incidents but congestion of the oral mucous membranes was the only abnormality found on examination of the oral cavity. Diarrhoea was a consistent feature in one outbreak. As a result of contracting this disease beef cattle failed to put on weight for a period of one to eight weeks and the milk yield of lactating dairy cattle decreased markedly. The morbidity rate was high, being more than 90 per cent in 10 incidents. The mortality rate varied considerably but 7 to 8 per cent of the animals died, or were culled, in three outbreaks. The clinical signs were most severe on intensive units with a high turnover of cattle.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The pathological features of severe cases of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis.

In recent outbreaks of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in Britain a proportion of the animals affected developed a severe clinical disease characterised, at necropsy, by widespread damage to the respiratory tract. They had necrotising rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngotracheobronchitis with extensive pseudomembrane formation and severe pneumonia with or without interstitial emphysema. Renal infarction was seen in approximatley half of the cases. The central nervous system was not affected in any of the 25 animals with severe IBR examined in this study. Tissues from the respiratory tract of 14 animals were examined for the presence of bovine herpesvirus 1 and the virus was isolated from the nasal passages of 11 and the lungs of four. Mycoplasma bovis was frequently isolated in large numbers from both the upper and lower respiratory tract.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Controlled studies of various treatments for neonatal calf diarrhoea in calves of known immunoglobulin levels.

The effects of whole blood transfusion (trial 1), balanced fluid replacement therapy (trial 2) and fluids plus antibiotics (trial 3) on spontaneously occurring neonatal calf diarrhoea were studied under controlled experimental situations using calves of known immunological status as determined by their zinc sulphate turbidity (ZST) levels. Market Ayrshire or Ayrshire cross Friesian calves were chosen with ZST values between 5 and 15 units. Significant differences were not found in survival, weight gains or days of diarrhoea between treatment and control groups in any of the three trials. In the control groups of trials 2 and 3 ZST units were significantly higher in survivors than in those calves that died. The experimental design used provided a controlled and practical method of testing various treatment programmes with calves of known immunoglobulin levels. The different therapies and the importance of defining the immune status of experimental animals are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Bovine leucosis (lymphosarcoma): a clinical study of 60 pathologically confirmed cases.

The clinical features of 60 pathologically confirmed cases of bovine leucosis (lymphosarcoma) are described. The majority of cases could be classified into one of four distinct clinical forms, ie, juvenile multicentric, thymic, skin and adult multicentric. Diagnosis of leucosis in animals with these forms was possible on clinical grounds alone. Five animals, four of which were adult, could not be thus classified and diagnosis required haematological and, or, pathological examinations. The clinical, epidemiological and serological findings would suggest that the cases were examples of sporadic bovine leucosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Immunoglobulin containing cells in the bronchopulmonary system of non-pneumonic and pneumonic calves.

In an examination of the immunoglobulin containing cells in the respiratory mucosa of three-month-old non-pneumonic calves, IgA was found to be the predominant plasma cell type. In calves with cuffing pneumonia there was a marked increase in the plasma cell population in the bronchial wall and IgG1 cells became the major cell type. Similarly in calves with an exudative type of pneumonia IgG1 plasma cells were the significant cell type in the respiratory mucosa but the total number of plasma cells was similar to that found in the non-pneumonic animals. The immunohistochemical results suggest that IgA and, to a lesser extent, IgM are both transported across the mucous membrane via bronchial epithelial secretory cells and submucosal glands.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

High incidence area of cattle cancer with a possible interaction between an environmental carcinogen and a papilloma virus.

Cattle in upland areas of Scotland and northern England are substantially more prone to alimentary cancer than those of the immediately neighbouring lowlands, and epidemiological evidence implicates a combination of papilloma virus and bracken in the aetiology of the disease. Here Professor Jarrett outlines the circumstantial case against these agents and discusses its implications.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Transmission studies with bovine malignant catarrhal fever.

The intravenous administration of whole blood from a pathologically confirmed field case of bovine malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) resulted in the appearance of the disease in three of five experimental calves 18 to 28 days later. Infection was maintained by serial calf transmissions, and produced clinical and pathological changes identical to those of the field disease for a total of 10 passages. The sixth passage involved the simultaneous infection of 10 calves from a single donor animal; six of the 10 recipients developed the typical disease after incubation periods ranging from 20 to 36 days and in each of these MCF was confirmed by pathological examination. In addition, clinical and pathological changes in the four other calves which were slaughtered either seven or 14 days post-infection suggested that they too would have developed typical clinical signs had they been allowed to survive for the necessary length of time. The results of a detailed study of the onset, progress and duration of the clinical signs of experimentally induced MCF are presented and the opportunity has been taken to discuss the available information regarding the transmission of MCF under experimental conditions and in the field.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Some characteristics of a natural infection by parainfluenza-3 virus in a group of calves.

Parainfluenza-3 (Pi3) virus infection in a group of 25 calves is described. The virus was isolated from the lungs of four calve at days 6, 7, 13 and 55 after they were housed together at birth. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were seen by light microscopy in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells of two of these calves. Virus infected cells were detected by electron microscopy in three of the four calves. Haemagglutination inhibition antibodies to Pi3 virus were found in the sera of the calves. Despite the virus being present in the group from one week, a significant increase in antibody titre was found in only two animals although all the calves were in contact with each other during the study period. The pulmonary lesions in the four infected calves consisted of a bronchitis and bronchiolitis with infiltration of the walls and lumena of these structures by neutrophils and an adjacent neutrophil infiltration of alveoli some of which were collapsed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Salmonellosis in young calves due to Salmonella enteritidis.

The clinical and epidemiological features of an outbreak of salmonellosis due to Salmonella enteritidis in a group of calves are described. The major clinical signs were dullness, pyrexia and diarrhoea. Five of the 15 calves died but deaths were mainly confined to the younger members of the group. The recovery of salmonella organisms from rectal swabs was maximal shortly before four of the five deaths occurred and declined rapidly thereafter. Only two of the surviving 10 calves developed significant flagellar agglutination titres.

Agglutinins↗