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Biomedical subjects

I E Chazova

Publications and source records attributed to I E Chazova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Results of nonmedical interventions in multicenter randomized open study of efficacy of lifestyle modification and therapy with quinapril in patients with obesity and hypertension].

There is a pathogenetic interrelationship between obesity and hypertension. Moreover it has become evident that the use of most modern and active antihypertensive drugs can not be effective without concomitant treatment of obesity. This study was conducted in 18 cities of Russian Federation in order to demonstrate influences of lifestyle changes on hypertension and levels of cardiovascular risk factors. The objective was to attract attention of physicians and patients to the problem of obesity and hypertension and to their inherent dangers.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed2004

[Cerebrovascular complications in metabolic syndrome: possible approaches to decrease risk].

AIM: To compare brain perfusion in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) or metabolic (MS) syndrome and hypertensive patients without clinicobiochemical signs of DM2 or MS; to study enoxaparin effects on brain perfusion in DM2 and arterial hypertension (AH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy patients included in the study were divided into three groups: 30 patients with DM2 and AH (group 1), 30 patients with MS and AH (group 2) and 10 AH patients without manifestations of MS or DM2 (group 3). All the patients have undergone single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the brain, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were examined. RESULTS: Deterioration of brain perfusion was more prominent in DM2 and MS patients with AH than in hypertensive patients with normal metabolism. Stress test with acetasolamide revealed defective autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in hypertensive patients with DM2. A 6-week therapy with enoxaparin significantly improved brain perfusion in hypertensive patients with DM2. CONCLUSION: Enoxaparin treatment of hypertensive DM2 and MS patients with abnormal perfusion of the brain can be used for prevention of cerebrovascular complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary heart before and after hospitalization].

Prevalence of pulmonary heart among patients with cardiovascular pathology is 5%. Clinical picture of pulmonary heart comprises symptoms of underlying disease and signs of pulmonary and cardiac failure. The following instrumental methods of investigation are very helpful for diagnosis of pulmonary heart: chest roentgenography, electrocardiography, echocardiography, pulmonary function testing, computer tomography. Pulmonary heart should be diagnosed during ambulatory examination. Hospitalization of patients with pulmonary heart is dictated by severity of clinical condition or presence of diagnostic problems. Radionuclide pulmonary scintigraphy, pulmonary angiography, right heart catheterization, lung biopsy can be carried out in hospital. Treatment should be directed at underlying disease, lowering of pulmonary artery pressure, alleviation of respiratory and cardiac failure.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed2004

[Thiaside diuretics in combination with inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 comorbid with arterial hypertension].

AIM: To study the effect of co-renitek monotherapy for 16 weeks on parameters of 24-h monitoring of arterial pressure, carbohydrate, lipid, purin metabolism in patients with mild and moderate arterial hypertension (AH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 20 patients with DM type 2, mild or moderate AH received co-renitek (1-2 tablets a day) for 16 weeks. Before the treatment and 16 weeks later the patients were examined (24-h AH monitoring, carbohydrate, lipid, purin, electrolyte metabolism). RESULTS: Co-renitek treatment of DM type 2 patients with hypertension led to a significant lowering of mean systolic and diastolic pressure, improvement of 24-h AP profile and reduction of fasting glucose level. Co-renitek proved to be metabolically neutral in relation to lipid, purin and electrolyte metabolism. CONCLUSION: Co-renitek is effective and safe antihypertensive drug for treatment of arterial hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Electrocardiographic picture in patients with congenital defect of atrial septum operated upon in adult age].

Electrocardiograms from 30 patients with congenital atrial septal defect operated upon in adult age were analyzed. One of frequent variants of QRS configuration in standard leads was SIqIII type. It was observed in 50% of patients. Most frequent (in 67% of patients) variants of QRS configuration in lead V1 were rSr' and rSR'. Signs of right ventricular hypertrophy were most often found in a group of patients with high pulmonary hypertension. Changes of terminal portion of ventricular complex such as negative or biphasic T waves were found in 29 of 30 patients (in 63% of cases these changes were localized in leads V1-V3).

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Co-renitek treatment of patients with moderate and severe forms of hypertensive disease].

AIM: To evaluate efficacy and tolerance of a compound drug co-renitec combining an ACE inhibitor enalapril maleate and diuretic hydrochlorothiazide co-renitec taken for 16 weeks in essential hypertension (EH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 28 patients with EH (16 males and 12 females aged 47-74 years) of mean duration 13.1 +/- 1.6 years. Blood pressure (BP) was monitored for 24 hours with the device SL 90207 (SpaceLabs Medical, USA). Microalbuminuria (MAU) was estimated with the use of immunoturbodimetric test. RESULTS: By 24-hour monitoring, co-renitec reduced day BP by 14.9/8.9 +/- 3/2 mm Hg, nocturnal BP lowered by 18.6/11.4 +/- 3/2 mmHg, pulse pressure also fell. Coefficient T/P was 53.5% for systolic BP (SBP) and 59.6% for diastolic BP (DBP). The target SBP was reached in 77% patients, target DBP--in 69%. Co-renitec significantly decreased MAU, albumines excretion normalized in 46% patients. CONCLUSION: Co-renitec lowers both day and nocturnal blood pressure, improves 24-h rhythm of BP, has a positive effect on the kidneys. This allows its recommendation as a first-line drug in patients with moderate and severe EH.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Therapy of patients with arterial hypertension with fixed dose combination of losartan and hydrochlorothiazide. Effect on 24 hour blood pressure and left-ventricular hypertrophy].

Twenty four hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring was carried out and structural state of left ventricular myocardium assessed in 20 patients with mild and moderate hypertension before and after 24 weeks of therapy with Hyzaar - fixed dose combination of losartan (50 mg) and hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg). According to data of 24-hour BP monitoring the use of Hyzaar was associated with lowering of diurnal (by 26.9/17.2+/-3/2 mm Hg, p<0.001), nocturnal (by 32.6/18.9+/-3/2 mm Hg, p<0.001), pulse (p<0.001) BP, and rate of morning systolic BP rise (p<0.05), decrease of nocturnal systolic and diastolic BP variability, and improvement of 24-hour BP rhythm. Trough/peak coefficients for systolic and diastolic BP (70 and 76%, respectively) reflected sufficient and steady hypotensive effect throughout 24 hours after single dose of Hyzaar. Target BP level was achieved in 70% of patients. At the background of 24-week treatment with Hyzaar left ventricular myocardial mass index significantly decreased (from 120.1+/-3.5 to 108.6+/-3.1 g/m2, D=11.5+/-1.0, p<0.001) and became normal in 60% of patients. Correlation analysis revealed independence of cardioprotective action of therapy from its hypotensive activity. Thus therapy with Hyzaar produced hypotensive and cardioprotective effects which were independent from each other.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Results of international study of quality of life of patients with stable angina treated with nitrates (IQOLAN)].

Effect of transition from multiple administration of short acting nitrates to once daily use of isosorbide-5-mononitrate on angina class and quality of life was studied in 280 patients with stable angina pectoris. Transition to isosorbide-5-mononitrate was associated with increases of (in units) exercise tolerance (Delta=-6.6+/-0.35, p<0.001), satisfaction from treatment (Delta=-2.1+/-0.12, p<0.001), degree of psychological discomfort (Delta=-2.8+/-0.21, p<0.001), decreases of numbers of attacks of angina (Delta=-4.0+/-0.22, p<0.001) and side effects (Delta=-4.1+/-0.29, p<0.001), increase of average distance of walking without chest pain or dyspnea (from 372.1+/-415.1 to 586+/-663.5 m), shortening of duration of episodes of angina (from 4.7+/-4.0 to 4.1+/-7.2 min), significant lowering of angina class (p<0.0001). Thus in patients with ischemic heart disease long acting formulation of isosorbide-5-mononitrate provided rapid onset and stability of therapeutic action what eventually resulted in effective prevention of attacks of angina and improvement of quality of life.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed2003

[The use of insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test in the diagnosis of insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome].

Fifty-five patients (mean age 42.3) with clinical signs of metabolic syndrome were investigated. The peroral glucose-tolerance and insulin-modified intravenous glucose-tolerance tests were used in the diagnosis of insulin-resistance. According to the SI index, a lower tissue sensitivity to insulin was detected in 48 (87%) of patients; it is noteworthy, that a low SI index was registered in some of them, when indirect signs of insulin-resistance, like hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, were absent.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

Oxidative stress in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.

We studied the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of primary pulmonary hypertension. In patients with primary pulmonary hypertension the content of malonic dialdehyde in the plasma was higher than in healthy volunteers (5.18 0.46 and 2.95 0.14 nmol/liter, respectively, p<0.01). However, glutathione peroxidase activity in the plasma decreased in these patients (0.50 0.17 vs. 1.19 0.14 U/ml in the control, p<0.05). By contrast, glutathione peroxidase activity in erythrocytes from patients surpassed the control (6.13 0.39 and 4.63 0.45 U/h hemoglobin). The increase in malonic dialdehyde content in the plasma and glutathione peroxidase activity in erythrocytes and the decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity in the plasma were most pronounced in patients with severe cardiac insufficiency and pulmonary hypertension. Our results indicate that antioxidant preparations improve the prognosis in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Efficacy of 12-week monotherapy with arifon-retard of patients with isolated systolic hypertension].

AIM: To evaluate the effect of arifon-retard (Servie, France) in patients with isolated systolic arterial hypertension (ISAH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The efficiency of 12-week monotherapy with indapamid (arifon-retard) in a daily dose of 1.5 mg on systolic, diastolic, and pulse arterial pressure (SAP, DAP, and PAP, respectively) was studied in 20 patients with ISAH. RESULTS: SAP decreased by 25.1 +/- 1.8, (p < 0.00009), DAP by 4.2 +/- 0.9 (p < 0.0008), and PAP by 20.9 +/- 2.1 mm Hg (p < 0.00009). Antihypertensive effect was observed in all patients, AP normalized in 30% after 4 weeks of therapy and in 70% after 12 weeks, DAP not decreasing below 70 mm Hg in any of the patients. Antihypertensive effect of indapamid on SAP and PAP additionally increased from week 4 to week 12. With sufficient antihypertensive effect on SAP, the drug did not induce an excessive decrease of DAP and did not affect heart rate and blood biochemistry. The drug was well tolerated, no side effects were observed.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Catecholamine levels in plasma and beta2-adrenoreceptor-dependent synthesis of cAMP in lymphocytes of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension].

AIM: To evaluate norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) plasma concentration and lymphocyte beta-2-adrenoceptor dependent cAMP synthesis in primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) patients in comparison with healthy controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seven volunteers and fifteen patients with PPH were included in the study. NE and E plasma levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Basal and stimulated (isoproterenol and forskolin) adenylyl cyclase activity in lymphocytes was measured by cAMP production using an enzyme immunoassay (Biotrak, Amersham UK). RESULTS: There was a 110% (p = 0.001) NE level increase in PPH patients. In systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) > 95 mm Hg lymphocyte cAMP production associated with adenylyl cyclase catalytic subunit was decreased by 170% and 70% vs PPH patients with SPAP < 95 mm Hg and healthy controls, respectively (p < 0.05). A significant negative correlation between forskolin cAMP production by lymphocytes and SPAP level was observed in PPH patients (k = -0.810, p = 0.011 by Kendell; k = -0.893, p = 0.007 by Spirman). Heart failure progressing from I-II to III NYHA functional classes was accompanied by plasma NE enhance and lymphocyte beta-2-adrenoreceptor-activated cAMP production decrease. CONCLUSION: The data demonstrate sympathoadrenal system activation and lymphocyte beta-2-adrenoceptor desensitization in PPH patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Carvedilol in treating primary pulmonary hypertension patients: effect on severity of cardiac failure, degree of pulmonary hypertension, concentration of catecholamines in blood plasma and dependence of cyclic AMP synthesis in lymphocytes on beta-adrenergic receptors].

AIM: To evaluate carvedilol effect on clinical state, norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) plasma concentration and lymphocyte beta 2-adrenoreceptor dependent cAMP synthesis in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 14 patients with PPH were included in the study; 9 patients were treated by carvedilol; 5 patients were in the control group. The primary efficiency parameters were submaximal exercise measured by 60 min walk test, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) measured by Doppler echocardiography, heart rate (HR) measured by 24-hour ECG-monitoring. RESULTS: One month carvedilol treatment of PPH patients resulted in a significant HR reduction. There was a tendency to SPAP decrease, the 6-minute walk test results improved in IIINYHA patients. CONCLUSION: Carvedilol therapy improves clinical state and evoked lymphocyte beta 2-adrenoceptor resensitization in PPH patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Prolonged pulmonary artery pressure monitoring in patients with pulmonary hypertension].

Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was monitored for 24-48 hours in 10 and 8 patients with primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension, respectively. The data obtained were compared with results of prolonged PAP monitoring in 2 healthy volunteers. Variability of mean PAP was 7.43-/+3.1, 5.78-/+1.64, and 3.4-/+0.63 mm Hg, coefficient of variability - 10.39-/+3.68, 13.04-/+6.01 and 22.73-/+8.03% in patients with primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension and healthy subjects, respectively. After surgery in patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension coefficient of variability rose from 13.04-/+6.01 to 16.7-/+12.8%, while variability decreased from 5.78-/+1.64 to 4.3-/+1.65 mm Hg. Level of spontaneous fluctuations of PAP was the highest in healthy subjects (71.4%) and the lowest - in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (34.9%). Thus PAP variability is a widespread phenomenon which should be taken into consideration during right heart catheterization and acute pharmacological tests.

Adolescent↗