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I Dab

Publications and source records attributed to I Dab.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Low serum bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein concentrations in patients with cystic fibrosis: correlation with hormonal parameters and bone mineral density.

In 31 children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF), whose bone mineral density (BMD) was determined at the level of the lumbar spine, serum bone gamma-carboxyglutamine acid (GLA) protein (BGP) was measured. A standard radioimmunoassay method gave for the studied CF population a median serum BGP concentration of 9 micrograms/l (range: 0.8-18.6) which corresponds to a median Z-score for age of -1.72 (range: -3.3 to +0.04). Thirteen patients presented a BGP concentration lower than 2 standard deviations (SD) under the mean for age. These patients did not differ from the others by their circulating thyroxine, triiodothyronine, 25-hydroxyvitamin D or parathyroid hormone levels. The lowering of the BGP concentration was neither related to the growth velocity nor to the severity of the lung disease, as assessed by lung scintigraphy. Six patients with a decreased BMD (< 2 SD under mean for age) were found. Five of them had also a decreased BGP concentration. In conclusion, decreased serum BGP concentration was found in 42% of the studied CF patients and could not be related to hormonal abnormalities. Serum BGP had a low specificity (72%) in predicting osteopenia in young CF patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Elemental composition of human airway surface fluid in healthy and diseased airways.

The fluid that covers the surface of conducting airways (airway surface fluid, ASF) is a critical component of one of the first defense mechanisms of the lung against microbial and other environmental insults. Despite its physiologic importance, ASF is one of the only fluids in the human body whose composition remains poorly defined and understood. Attempts to analyze ASF have been hampered greatly by the fact that it exists only as a very thin layer covering the mucosal surface of airway epithelia. To overcome some of these limitations, we have applied ultramicroanalytic techniques to microsamples collected in human airways in vivo. In contrast to previous thinking from studies on sputum samples, ASF collected from healthy airways contains much less Na and Cl (approximately 45% less) and much more K (around 600% more) than extracellular fluid or plasma (ECF), which shows that steep ion gradients exist across normal airway epithelia. These differences also show that ASF composition must be regulated and maintained by active electrolyte transport processes of airway epithelia and that it is not merely the evaporated residue of isotonic secretions or extracellular fluid exudate. However, in patients with sustained airway irritation, infection, or cystic fibrosis, we find that ASF composition appears to become more isotonic with respect to plasma and much more hypotonic in patients with asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

First-phase insulin release in adult cystic fibrosis patients: correlation with clinical and biological parameters.

Adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at high risk for developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the fast insulin release (FIR) to intravenously administered glucose was measured in 23 adult CF patients. The influence of the clinical parameters and type of gene deletion on the amplitude of the FIR, defined by the sum of the 1st- and 3rd-minute insulin concentrations was analyzed. In 11 of the 18 normoglycemic patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and the 3 nontreated diabetic CF patients studied, an FIR value lower than the 3rd percentile was found. The female patients had higher mean FIR values than the male patients (62.8 +/- 39.6 vs. 27.9 +/- 17.9 mU/l; p < 0.05). No influence of age, body mass index, or pulmonary or liver involvement on the FIR was found. Subjects heterozygous for the delta F508 deletion had a similar insulin response as homozygous patients. The FIR level correlated negatively with the basal glucose level (r = 0.4; p < 0.001). In conclusion, 61% of the adult nondiabetic CF patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency presented a loss in acute insulin response, which could not be predicted by clinical or genetic parameters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Effect of a whey hydrolysate prophylaxis of atopic disease.

The incidence of atopic manifestations was analyzed in infants "at risk" because of histories of atopy in first degree relatives. The incidence of atopic manifestations was significantly reduced (P = .0011) during the first 6 months of life when only the whey hydrolysate was administered (2/32 infants, 6.3%) compared with the incidence when an adapted formula was given (14/35 infants, 40%). This beneficial effect continued during the 6 to 12-month period, after diversification of the diet at 6 months. At the age of 1 year, 7/32 (21.8%) of the infants in the whey hydrolysate group had presented with manifestations of probable atopic disease compared with 17/35 (48.6%) infants in the adapted formula group (P = .021). The incidence of cow milk protein sensitivity was evaluated at 5/32 (15.6%) in the hydrolysate group and 15/35 (42.8%) in the adapted formula group (P = .014). Other foods such as egg and fish may be responsible for manifestations in three infants in hydrolysate group and in five infants of the adapted group (9.4% and 14.3%, respectively NS). These preliminary data show that the administration of a whey hydrolysate during the first 6 months of life to babies "at risk" decreased the incidence of atopic disease up to the age of 12 months. The incidence of cow milk protein sensitivity appeared to be decreased, whereas the incidence of sensitivities to other food proteins was comparable in both groups.

Food Hypersensitivity↗
PubMed1991

Tuberculosis in children: a 13-year follow up of 1714 patients in a Belgian home care centre.

From May 1970 to September 1983, 1714 children with different forms of primary tuberculosis were referred to the paediatric home care centre (Enfants soignés au Foyer, E.S.F.) of the Brussels University Hospital St.-Pierre. They were subdivided in five groups: asymptomatic (33%), symptomatic (28%), dubious tuberculous infections (35%), high-risk contacts (3%) and unestablished diagnosis (1%). They were aged from 10 days to 19 years, and 82% of them were migrants of low socio-economic level. Fifty percent of the symptomatic infections, mainly pulmonary, appeared in children under 3 years of age. An adult source of contamination was identified in 33% of the cases (48% of the symptomatic children). Diagnosis was based on tuberculin screening with a 2IU intradermal test. Gastric aspirates yielded Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 15% of our patients, 11% of them showing resistance to one or more tuberculostatic drugs. Treatment was given to 1359 patients with excellent results. Therapy was shortened during the last 2 years of the study from 12 to 6 months for the asymptomatic patients and from 12 to 9 months for the symptomatic infections. Few complications were observed. Tuberculosis remains a serious cause of morbidity particularly in migrant children. Correct diagnosis and treatment of the disease is very important.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Oral glucose tolerance testing in cystic fibrosis: correlations with clinical parameters and glycosylated haemoglobin determinations.

In 48 patients (age 2-28 years) with documented cystic fibrosis, glucose tolerance was evaluated by means of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and repeated glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) measurements. An impaired OGTT was found in 15 patients. Their degree of undernutrition and severity of lung and liver involvement were no different from those with normal glucose tolerance. The mean peak insulin concentration as well as the integrated insulin concentration during the OGTT were comparable with patients with normal glucose tolerance (GT) and those with an impaired tolerance (GI). The mean time to attain peak insulin levels was significantly delayed in the GI group. (117 min vs 86 min P less than 0.01). On initial testing, elevated HbA1C levels were found in 22 patients. Mean HbA1C levels in the GI group were higher than in the GT group (8.2% vs 7.5% P less than 0.01). The HbA1C levels at the moment of OGT testing were positively correlated with the glycaemic response during the OGTT. The repeated HbA1C measurements 1 year later were no different from the initial mean HbA1C values in both groups. Two GI patients with initial HbA1C levels of 7.5% and 11% respectively developed diabetes mellitus several months after testing. The need for serial HbA1C determinations in cystic fibrosis is questioned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

New insights on gastro-oesophageal reflux in cystic fibrosis by longitudinal follow up.

A higher frequency (25%) of gastrooesophageal reflux (GOR) has been previously reported in patients over 5 years old with cystic fibrosis compared with controls without cystic fibrosis. It was believed that GOR was caused by the complications of cystic fibrosis. We looked for GOR in all 26 children younger than 60 months who had cystic fibrosis diagnosed. They had a classical genetic profile and the usual scattered clinical manifestations for age. GOR was confirmed in 21 (81%): 20 by abnormal pH tracings and in one on a clinical basis. After at least one month of adjusted cystic fibrosis treatment, antireflux treatment (cisapride) was given to 16 patients and variables of GOR improved dramatically. Weight gain was significant and recurrent cough and wheeze disappeared. One year later half of the patients still suffered from GOR. GOR is a major problem in the early life of those with cystic fibrosis and is not the consequence of either respiratory or gastrointestinal complications as it improves with age whereas cystic fibrosis becomes worse with age.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Milk-sensitive eosinophilic gastroenteritis in a 10-day-old boy.

Eosinophilic gastroenteropathy in children is a rare, idiopathic disease characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract. We describe a 10-day-old boy with aspecific clinical manifestations (unconsolable crying). Treatment with a semi-elemental diet was successful, suggesting a "milk-sensitive enteropathy", although he had been exclusively breast fed. Recent literature is reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The deletion F508 is the major gene mutation in a representative Belgian cystic fibrosis population.

The cystic fibrosis (CF) gene deletion F508 was studied in a Belgian population of 74 families and their 83 CF children. The haplotypes for CF and normal chromosomes had previously been determined with several linked DNA probes. In our CF population, the gene deletion F508 was found in 76% of the mutant alleles. Of the deletion F508, 97% segregated with the highest risk haplotype for the CF carrier status. Some 61% of our families were found to be homozygous for this major CF mutation. Each of our three pancreatic sufficiency patients (two of whom were siblings) was heterozygote for the F508 deletion.

Belgium↗
PubMed1990

Nonsurgical intervention in the resolution of acquired neonatal bronchial stenosis.

A stricture of the right main bronchus developed in an 1100 gm premature (first delivered twin female) infant being mechanically ventilated for approximately 1 month. The stricture resolved with treatment consisting of three consecutive daily obturations with angiocatheters avoiding the use of a balloon inflation technique provoking a local dilation. The catheters were placed with a guide wire under fluoroscopic control. The clinical protocol advanced for the dilation of acquired bronchial stenosis was well tolerated by the patient. A 9-month clinical radiologic review confirmed normal pulmonary structures and functions. Catheter dilation is described as a new technique for treatment of bronchial stenosis in the very small infant.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1990

Corticosteroids in primary tuberculosis with bronchial obstruction.

The usefulness of prednisolone in combination with the modern potent antituberculous drugs has been studied in 29 children with primary lung tuberculosis and hilar adenopathy causing bronchial obstruction. These children were divided at random in two groups of 15 and 14 patients. Both groups were treated similarly except that one group received prednisolone. Both groups were very similar before the onset of treatment for most variables. Tuberculous infection healed in both groups but the group on steroids improved earlier and had significantly fewer complications, both on radiography and bronchoscopy. Only two of the patients on steroids still had progressive lesions: a very young baby probably because he developed two severe viral infections consecutively, and another infant of 7 months whose treatment was unreliable, as the parents were not very compliant. Some patients initially not treated with prednisolone improved only after it was given. Prednisolone treatment is not recommended when the reliability of the treatment cannot be guaranteed, as the hazard of harm would exceed the expected benefit.

Adolescent↗