Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I D Farrell.
The serum antibody titres in 62 cases of acute brucellosis are presented. The antibody persisiting after infection and the appearance of non-agglutinating anti-human globulin titres were investigated. The criteria for the serological diagnosis of acute and chronic brucellosis are discussed.
The conglutinating complement fixation test was compared with the haemolytic complement fixation test for the detection of brucella antibodies in human sera. Conglutinating-complement-fixation antibodies were detectable during the early stages of acute brucellosis and persisted for approximately 1 year after the infection.
The antiglobulin consumption test of Steffen (1954) has been adapted for the detection of Brucella antibodies in human serum. This screening method takes approximately two hours to complete and sera which give a negative result need no further investigations, whilst positive sera should be fully tested by the conventional Brucella serology technique.
The results are presented of testing untreated producer-retailer herd milk samples for the presence of Brucella abortus during the period 1965-1972 in the North Lancashire region.There was a steady decline in the incidence of infected herds from 22% in 1965 to 12% in 1971. A sharp fall to 5% in 1972 suggests that the introduction of the Brucellosis Incentives Scheme and the eradication programme has helped to reduce the practice of selling brucella-infected cattle in the open market which was prevalent in the period 1965 to 1970.This practice of selling brucella-infected cattle may also be a prime factor in the changing pattern of distribution of the biotypes of B. abortus which was observed during the period 1965 to 1970.A comparison of the two areas in the region show that the incidence of herd infection was always greater in the area containing flying herds than in the area in which self-contained herds predominated.
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Imipenem (N-formimidoyl thienamycin) is a new carbapenem beta-lactam antibiotic with a broad antibacterial spectrum. Forty-five patients were treated with either 500 or 1,000 mg of imipenem/cilastatin four times daily, the duration varying according to clinical response. The diagnoses were urinary tract infection, 10 patients; septicemia, six; intraabdominal sepsis, six; pneumonia, six (two cases of Legionnaires' disease); skin and soft tissue infection, four; and other diagnoses, 13. Of the 32 clinically assessable patients, 17 were cured, nine improved, three died, and three were withdrawn from the trial. Of 21 patients who were microbiologically assessable, 13 were cured. In six cases of complicated urinary tract infection, the organism--which had been eradicated from the urine during treatment--reappeared after completion of antibiotic therapy. Two patients developed adverse clinical reactions that were thought to be drug-related (drug-induced fever and nausea plus vomiting, respectively). Both patients had mildly abnormal results in liver function tests, and one developed a positive direct Coombs' test. Fifty-seven percent of the patients developed some degree of phlebitis, which was moderate to severe in 19%. In this study imipenem/cilastatin proved to be a highly effective agent for the treatment of a variety of serious bacterial infections.