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Biomedical subjects

I D Brown

Publications and source records attributed to I D Brown.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

An investigation into the validity and reliability of the marking of students' orthodontic practical work.

This study has shown all three examiners to be different; surely a reflection of human nature. One examiner appeared to be strongly influenced by the students' past performance in the course, and the results confirm the findings of Natkin and Guild (1967) that examiners do not always observe the same errors and even when they do, may attach differing importance to the observed deficiency. It was found that an examiner's standard may vary from day to day but, in general, the intra- and inter-examiner correlations were similar to those reported in other studies of undergraduate practical work (Lilley et al., 1968; Silvestri et al., 1979; Goepferd and Kerber, 1980). It may be concluded that: 1. All marking should be done "blind' whenever possible. 2. Marking, once started, should be finished without a break as an examiner's own "pass' standard may vary unduly from one occasion to another. 3. The entire batch of material should be marked by the same examiner, as another could have a significantly different pass standard even though they might agree on the candidates' final order. 4. Because one examiner may subconsciously attach rather more importance to an aspect of the work that another does not notice, there would be a case for two or more examiners carrying out the marking. Their average marks could then be used. In this case, each examiner would, of course, mark the entire batch.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1982

An investigation into factors influencing the amount of orthodontic treatment attempted by the recent graduates of two dental schools.

A questionnaire was sent to Bristol and Guy's Dental Graduates who had been qualified for between 3 and 5 years. This showed that three-quarters of those who were currently in general dental practice had treated six or more orthodontic patients since qualification. A fifth claimed to have treated more than 45. An important factor in determining whether a practitioner carries out orthodontic treatment himself, or refers patients to a specialist, is the confidence he has in his own ability to adjust and monitor orthodontic appliances. The convenience of alternative orthodontic services would appear to have no influence in such decisions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of "block' and "longitudinal' orthodontic teaching: a survey of the recently qualified graduates of two dental schools.

In an attempt to compare the long-term effectiveness of the longitudinal teaching of orthodontics at Bristol Dental School with the block system at Guy's Hospital Dental School, a questionnaire was sent to those graduates who had been qualified for between 3 and 5 years. There were significant differences between the two schools, both in the number of patients treated by their graduates and in the proportion of patients that were treated without advice. These differences did not consistently favour one school when males and females were considered separately. Both schools achieved similar success at producing graduates who felt confident at adjusting removable appliances and both groups of practitioners attempted similar orthodontic problems in practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Some further observations on submerging deciduous molars.

34 females and 20 males, all with one or more submerging deciduous molars, were compared with 30 female and 30 male controls. When groups were matched for sex, age and occlusion no conclusive evidence could be found to support the hypothesis that subjects with submerging deciduous molars have different facial proportions. There was a higher prevalence of developmentally absent pre-molar teeth in the submerging group (p less than 0.001). When males and females were compared, no significant differences were found in the number of submerging deciduous molars per patient, the location of those teeth or the number of quadrants involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

A life-span look at person perception and its relationship to communicative interaction.

Two experiments were conducted in order to discover (a) the expressed attitudes of young adults about the intellectual abilities of seven target groups ranging in age from infant to elderly, and (b) if and in what manner young adults differentially explain the rules of a simple game to these same target groups. In Experiment I, questionnaires requiring the attribution of intellectual capabilities of infants, preschoolers, preadolescents, adolescents, and young and middle-aged, and elderly adults were completed by 243 subjects. Intellectual ability was seen as increasing with age until old age. The elderly were consistently perceived as less competent than both young and middle-aged adults. The result of Experiment II, in which 60 subjects participated, suggested that young adults modify the complexity of their communications to different aged listeners in accordance with their expressed perceptions of the intellectual attributes of their auditors.

Adolescent↗