Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Cybulska

Publications and source records attributed to I Cybulska.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Postexercise decrease in arterial blood pressure, total peripheral resistance and in circulatory responses to brief hyperoxia in subjects with mild essential hypertension.

The objective of our study was: (1) to compare the influence of moderate exercise on circulatory after-response in mildly hypertensive (n = 8) and normotensive male subjects (n = 9); (2) to examine the circulatory response to 3-min hyperoxic inactivation of arterial chemoreceptors at rest and during postexercise period in both groups. Hypertensive men (HTS) with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) 148 +/- 5 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 92.4 +/- 4 mm Hg; and normotensive men (NTS), with a SBP 126 +/- 3 mm Hg, DBP 75.6 +/- 1.3 mm Hg, were submitted to 20-min of moderate exercise on a cycloergometer (up to the level of 55% of each subject's resting heart rate reserve). Finger arterial BP was recorded continuously with Finapres, impedance reography was used for recording stroke volume, cardiac output and arm blood flow. In HTS a significant decrease in SBP by 14.5 +/- 3.4 mm Hg, DBP by 8.9 +/- 1.9 mm Hg, total peripheral resistance (TPR) by 0.45 +/- 0.05 TPR u. (33.7 +/- 2.7%), and in arm vascular resistance (AVR) by 11.0 +/- 2.7 PRU u. (35.6 +/- 7%), was observed over a 60-min postexercise period. NTS exhibited insignificant changes in SBP, DBP, AVR except a significant decrease in TPR limited only to 20-min postexercise period. Hyperoxia decreased SBP, DBP and TPR in HTS. This effect was significantly attenuated during the postexercise period. Long-lasting antihypertensive effect of a single dynamic exercise in HTS suggests that moderate exercise may be applied as an effective physiological procedure to reduce elevated arterial BP in mild hypertension. We suggest also that the attenuation of the sympathoexcitatory arterial chemoreceptor reflex may contribute to a postexercise decrease in arterial BP and in TPR in mildly hypertensive subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Plasma renin activity, aldosterone and adrenergic activity in patients with hypertension and in normotensives with a family history of hypertension].

UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to analyse plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (Ald) and catecholamines at rest, after psychological stress and physical exercise in patients with essential hypertension (EH) and normotensive persons with (FH +) and without (FH-) family history of hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 100 men, aged 18-35 years, were investigated: 36 in EH, 32 in FH + and 32 in FH- groups. PRA, Ald and plasma level of adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (D) were estimated at rest, after 30' of stress (Kraepelins test) and at the end and 30, after submaximal ergometric exercise. RESULTS: The groups did not differ in respect to PRA and Ald in all periods of study as well as to A and NA at rest and during stress. A in EH and FH + as well as NA in FH + were significantly higher than FH- at the end and 30 after exercise. D in EH was higher (p < 0.05) than in both normotensive groups and at rest and stress than FH- during exercise and recovery. There were also some correlations between PRA, Ald and catecholamines. In FH + and FH- but not in EH group PRA and Ald positively correlated at rest (r = 0.588 and 0.612) and during stress (r = 0.626 and 0.477). On the contrary in EH as well as FH + groups PRA positively correlated with A (r = 0.385 and 0.368) and NA (r = 0.370 and 0.386) at rest. In addition PRA correlated positively with A during stress (r = 0.368) as well as with NA during recovery (r = 0.313) in FH + groups. Ald correlated with D positively in FH + (r + 0.380) and negatively (r = 0.304) in FH- at rest, whereas Ald was positively correlated with A in EH (r = 0.511) as well as in FH + (r = 0.354) during exercise. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension and family history of it changes adrenergic reactivity and influences the relationship between plasma renin activity, aldosterone, and catecholamines.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Renovascular hypertension--clinical observations and long-term follow-up].

Renovascular hypertension is one of the most common causes of secondary hypertension. Its early diagnosis is particularly important, firstly because it is one of the few potentially reversible causes of chronic renal failure. In many centers, including our own, renal angioplasty (PTA) or surgery is the treatment of choice for patients with renovascular hypertension. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the early and late results of PTA versus renovascular surgery. The diagnostic procedures and clinical course of renovascular hypertension were also analyzed. Among patients with renovascular hypertension treated in our Department during the 1981-1993 years, 89 patients (46 men, 43 women) were diagnosed and having renovascular hypertension (3% of all hypertensive patients). The average duration of hypertension in this group was 5 years. High incidence of accelerated hypertension (18%) and cardiovascular complications were observed: myocardial infarction in 20.2% of cases and stroke in 4.5%. The presence of renal failure was found in 22.5% of cases, hypokalemia in 11.2%, 38.3% of patients had changes in other arteries. Renal angioscintigraphy and captopril renal scintigraphy were performed in accordance with renal arteriography in 80% of patients. Arteriography showed unilateral renal artery stenosis in 78.7% of patients and bilateral - in 21.3%. The most common cause of renovascular hypertension in our material was atherosclerosis (65.2%). Fibromuscular dysplasia and Takayasu arteritis were diagnosed less frequently (25.8% and 9.0% respectively). Forty four patients were treated with PTA, 15 underwent surgical revascularization and 11 - unilateral nephrectomy. Early beneficial therapeutic effect (normalization or improvement of blood pressure control) was observed in 88.6% for PTA and 66.7% for surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Takayasu's arteritis--course, diagnosis and long term results of treatment].

UNLABELLED: Nonspecific aortoarteritis (Takayasu's arteritis) is a systemic disease of unknown cause. No characteristic symptoms may delay diagnosis and treatment as well as deteriorate prognosis. The aim of the study was analysis of prevalence, course, diagnosis and treatment of Takayasu's arteritis. 10 patients (9 female, 1 male) with inflammatory phase of Takayasu's arteritis were seen at the Department of Hypertension of Institute of Cardiology between 1981 and 1992 (0.1% of all patients). The diagnosis was performed on the basis of typical arteriographic picture and laboratory investigations such as elevated of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and increase of immunoglobins, especially G fraction levels. Three patients were in poor general condition (fever, tachypnea, progressive weakness and severe arthralgia); in the remaining the symptoms were less severe, consisting mainly of weakness and arthralgia. All patients had multiple sites of arterial involvement (clinically and angiographically). Hypertension occurred in 9, aortic valve disease in 4, mitral valve disease in 2 and angina pectoris in 3 persons. All patients were treated with prednisone in initial dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg daily. After normalization of inflammatory indices (in average after 3 weeks therapy) this dose was gradually diminished to maintenance dose 5-15 mg daily. 4 patients were treated with prednisone in monotherapy, 6 received combined therapy--prednisone and cyclophosphamide or prednisone and azathioprine. Responses to immunosuppressive treatment were usually very good. In follow-up period (43.4 +/- 30.7 months) in 9 patients the regression of symptoms of inflammatory phase was observed (all patients were treated with maintenance dose of prednisone). Immunosuppressive therapy was ineffective in one woman, despite long term treatment with prednisone combined alternately with cyclophosphamide, azathioprine or methotrexate. She died of progressive heart and renal failure. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Takayasu's arteritis is serious systemic disease with considerable risk of death. 2. Early and proper management of Takayasu's arteritis can improve prognosis of this disease. 3. In every case with multiple sites of arterial involvement, especially with associated symptoms of unidentified inflammatory disease it is necessary to consider diagnosis of Takayasu's arteritis, which prevalence seems to be underestimated.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Doxazosin (alpha 1-adrenoreceptor antagonist) used in primary hypertension and it's beneficial effect on lipid metabolism].

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a new selective alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blocker doxazosin on blood pressure, serum lipids and lipoproteins in patients with essential hypertension. The study was done in 32 out-patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension (22 men and 10 women, mean age 45.6 +/- 10.1). After 2-week placebo period the patients were given doxazosin in increasing doses from 1 to 8 mg daily for 6 to 14 weeks (mean daily dose 2.24 +/- 1.6 mg). Twenty-nine patients completed the study. The active treatment caused highly significant drop in systolic and diastolic blood pressure both in supine and standing positions. No orthostatic hypertension was noted. There was also a statistically significant decrease in serum total cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels and increase in the positive prognostic lipid indicators. HDL3-cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI levels as well as HDL/total cholesterol ratio. Accordingly, the statistically significant decrease of the so called atherogenic index was noted. The drug was well tolerated and only one patient dropped from the study because of side effects. The authors conclude that doxazosin appears to be an effective and well tolerated antihypertensive drug with a favorable effect on lipid metabolism. It may be particularly useful in hypertensive patients with coexisting lipid abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure monitoring in patients with resistant hypertension].

The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of 24-hour blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) monitoring in patients with "resistant" hypertension. 30 patients (44.1 +/- 9.9 years) with diastolic BP 100 mm Hg or more in spite of treatment with three or more antihypertensive drugs were studied. Ambulatory recording of BP and HR was performed by means of Del Mar Avionics monitoring system 9000. Mean recording time was 21.5 hours and mean number of measurements during one recording--56.7. Mean ambulatory systolic and diastolic BP values were significantly lower than mean value of three casual measurements (146.0 +/- 24.6 vs 171.5 +/- 21.2 mm Hg for systolic and 97.2 +/- 11.3 vs 110.4 +/- 7.5 mm Hg for diastolic BP p less than 0.01) In 14 (46.6%) systolic BP and in 10 patients (33.3%) diastolic BP were normal. The patients with normal and abnormal ambulatory BP recordings did not differ in regard to age and mean clinic BP levels. However, patients with abnormal ambulatory BP recordings were more often overweight and showed a greater frequency of left ventricular hypertrophy and family history of hypertension and its complications. The results of the study show that ambulatory BP monitoring may be of value in assessing the response to antihypertensive treatment in patients with so called resistant hypertension as judged on the basis of clinic pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Twenty-four hour automatic recording of blood pressure and cardiac rhythm in patients with borderline hypertension].

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of 24-hour automatic recording of blood pressure and cardiac rhythm in patients with borderline hypertension. The study was performed in 50 patients aged 38.8 +/- 13.1 using the Del Mar Avionics device. Mean time of recordings was 21.3 hours, and the mean number of blood pressure measurements per one patient was 52.4. Great fluctuations of systolic blood pressure (from 92.1 +/- 12.6 to 191 +/- 37.0 mm Hg) and diastolic one (from 57.3 +/- 11.4 to 118.9 +/- 13.8 mm Hg) were observed. Mean systolic blood pressure (125.6 +/- 10.6 mm Hg) was significantly lower than the mean value of last three ambulatory measurements (141.9 +/- 9.8; p less than 0.001). Also mean diastolic pressure was lower than that obtained in the out patient clinic (84.7 +/- 9.7 vs 91.9 +/- 3.2 mm Hg; p less than 0.001). Mean heart rate during the day was 86.2 +/- 10.7 and at night 69.7 +/- 10.5 beats per minute. Ventricular and/or supraventricular cardiac arrhythmias were observed in 14 (28%) of examined patients. Results of the study indicate, that 24-hour automatic blood pressure recording is the valuable method, affording possibilities for more precise estimation of blood pressure and its 24-hour fluctuations in patients with borderline hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Taste perception of sodium chloride in suprathreshold concentration related to essential hypertension.

The object of this study was to test taste responsiveness and taste preferences for NaCl in suprathreshold concentrations in hypertensive individuals. The investigations were carried out in 52 patients with essential hypertension (HT) and 46 normotensive (NT) control subjects. Two types of taste response were tested: (a) an intensity response, and (b) a hedonic (pleasantness) response to NaCl stimuli of 0.08-0.96% concentration. Intensity and hedonic responses were collected using an unstructured linear scale and a nine-point interval scale, respectively. The intensity slope for HT tended to be consistently flatter than the slope for NT. Lower intensity response was more pronounced in HT males. The hedonic responses of HT and NT subjects were split into three subgroups: 'up' (concentration increases, pleasantness increases), 'down' (concentration increases, pleasantness decreases), and 'up-and-down' (concentration increases, pleasantness--). Diversity of response was also observed in the control NT group. The conclusion was that essential hypertension seems to depress the intensity response to NaCl, especially in men, but the pattern of hedonic response to a growing concentration of NaCl is influenced by factors other than hypertension.

Adult↗