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Biomedical subjects

I Brook

Publications and source records attributed to I Brook.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Bacterial studies of peritoneal cavity and postoperative surgical wound drainage following perforated appendix in children.

This study reports bacterial specimens obtained from 112 children presenting with a ruptured appendix. Additional samples were studied from 11 of these patients who developed a postoperative surgical draining wound. Bacterial growth occurred in 100 peritoneal fluid specimens. Anaerobic bacteria alone were present in 14 specimens, aerobes alone in 12, and mixed aerobic an anerobic flora in 74 specimens. There were 144 aerobic isolates (1.4 per specimen). The predominant isolates were: E. coli (57 specimens); alpha-hemolytic steptococcus (16 specimens); gamma-hemolytic streptococcus (15 specimens); Group D streptococcus (12 specimens); and P. aeruginosa (9 specimens). There were 301 anaerobic isolates (three per specimen). The predominant isolates were: 157 Bacteroides spp. (including 92 B. fragilis group and 26 B. melaninogenicus group); 62 gram-positive anaerobic cocci (including 30 Peptococcus sp.; 29 Peptostreptococcus sp.); 27 Fusobactenium sp.; and 16 Clostridium sp. B. fragilis and Peptococcus sp. occurred in 23 patients. Beta lactamase production was detectable in 98 isolates recovered from 74 patients. These included all isolates of B. fragilis and six of the 23 Bacteroides sp. Forty-nine organisms (16 aerobic and 33 anaerobic) were recovered from the draining wounds. The predominant organisms were: B. fragilis (8 specimens); E. coli (6 specimens); Peptostreptococcus sp. (5 specimens); and three specimens each of P. aeruginosa and Peptococcus sp. Most of these isolates were also recovered from the peritoneal cavity of the patients. These findings demonstrate the polymicrobial aerobic and anaerobic nature of peritoneal cavity and postoperative wound flora in children with perforated appendix, and demonstrate the presence of beta lactamase-producing organisms in three-fourths of the patients.

Appendectomy↗
PubMed1980

Gonococcal scalp abscess in a newborn.

We have described a 6-day-old male infant who presented with Neisseria gonorrhoeae conjunctivitis and a scalp abscess. Delivery was complicated by rupture of the membranes 24 hours before delivery and fetal monitoring for four hours. The rare scalp abscesses caused by gonococci cleared with penicillin therapy.

Abscess↗
PubMed1980

Outbreak of meningococcal disease in a family.

An outbreak of three cases of meningococcal disease occurring in a family of 14 is presented. Three of the children, between the ages of 10 months to 10 years, were hospitalized. Two of them showed positive signs of meningitis, and one had evidence of bacteremia. Neisseria meningitidis was isolated from a blood sample of one patient and a CSF sample of another. The organism was also recovered from the nasopharyngeal secretion of four other adult members of the family. All three hospitalized children were treated with parenteral penicillin and responded well to therapy. The rest of the family was treated with oral rifampin, and subsequent cultures of the nasopharynx were negative.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1980

Clostridium paraputrificum sepsis in sickle cell anemia.

We have described clostridial sepsis in a child who presented with an abdominal crisis of sickle cell disease. Clostridium paraputrificum should be included in the list of organisms known to cause sepsis in patients with sickle cell anemia.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1980

Beta-lactamase-producing isolates of Bacteroides species from children.

Two hundred twenty-four isolates of Bacteroides sp. were recovered from recurrently inflamed tonsils, infected peritoneal fluid, abscesses, wounds, and burns of hospitalized children. Isolates were examined for beta-lactamase production by the chromogenic cephalosporin analog 87/312 methodology. Altogether, 119 isolates were beta-lactamase producers. Of these, 53 were in the B. fragilis group, 28 were in the B. melaninogenicus groups, 12 were B. oralis, 4 were B. ruminicola subsp. brevis, and 22 were Bacteroides sp. Of 28 beta-lactamase-producing strains of B. melaninogenicus, 25 were recovered from tonsils. These observations indicate that in pediatric patients there is a significant incidence of beta-lactamase producers among anaerobes other than B. fragilis.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1980

Abnormalities in synovial fluid of patients with septic arthritis detected by gas-liquid chromatography.

Gas liquid chromatography was performed on synovial fluid of 94 patients with exudative arthritis. A relatively constant pattern of peaks was obtained in all synovial fluid samples. Lactic acid was increased in synovial fluid of patients with septic arthritis excluding gonococcal arthritis. In addition 2 constant peaks with retention time of 546 and 848 seconds in the chromatogram usually showed a significant increase in the synovial fluids of patients with septic arthritis (including gonococcal arthritis) but not in those from patients with sterile inflammatory or degenerative arthritis. In 1 patient with pseudomonas arthritis an increase in the peaks was noted with clinical and bacteriological relapse and subsequently there was a gradual return to normal levels during clinical improvement. Increase in synovial fluid lactic acid is useful in the diagnosis of septic arthritis. Identification of the compounds represented by the 2 peaks, which presumptively correspond to n-valeric and n-hexanoic acid, may provide further information on diagnosis, prognosis and pathogenesis of arthritis and may help in the differentiation between gonococcal and nongonococcal arthritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Bullous impetigo caused by Streptococcus salivarius: a case report.

A 19-month-old child presented with bullous impetigo around the perineal region, penis, and left foot. Streptococcus salivarius was the only isolate recovered from the lesions. The child was treated with parenteral penicillin, debridement of the bulli, and local application of silver sulphadiazine cream. This case of bullous impetigo illustrates another aspect of the pathogenicity of Strep. salivarius.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Arizona hinshawii bacteraemia and meningitis in a child: a case report.

An 8-week-old infant presented with Arizona hinshawii meningitis and bacteraemia. The child responded well to the administration of parenteral ampicillin and chloramphenicol. However, chloramphenicol was discontinued after one day of therapy, and A. hinshawii was recultured from the cerebrospinal fluid on the fifth day. Chloramphenicol therapy was restarted and the patient had an uneventful recovery. This report is the first description of A. hinshawii meningitis and should alert clinicians to the possible occurrence of this infection in endemic areas.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Bacterial colonization in intubated newborns.

The bacteriology of tracheal aspirates from 127 newborns was studied. Specimens were obtained twice a week as long as the newborns were intubated. Each newborn had between one and eight specimens taken (average 1.7). 127 babies had one specimen taken, 38 had two, 25 had three, 12 had four, and 10 had more than four specimens taken, which made a total of 212 specimens. No bacterial or fungal growth was obtained from 65 specimens, whereas the remaining specimens (147) yielded 209 bacterial and fungal isolates accounting for 1.4 isolates per specimen. The total isolates recovered were 168 aerobes, 36 anaerobes, and 5 Candida albicans. Of this total, 70 specimens yielded one isolate, 48 two isolates, 6 three isolates, 5 four isolates, and one aspirate yielded five isolates. 78 newborns (61%) received antimicrobial therapy. A higher incidence of positive cultures and the presence of more than one organism per culture were found in those infants not receiving antibiotics. More isolates per specimen were noted with increasing time of incubation. The rate of isolation Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae remained constant with increased length of intubation, the rate of recovery of Staphylococcus epidermidis, viridans group streptococci, and Propionibacterium acnes increased, and the rate of isolation of Escherichia coli and anaerobic organisms decreased.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

Measurement of lactic acid in pleural fluid.

Lactic acid (LA) concentrations in the pleural fluid of 75 patients were determined by the Monotest Lactate Kit (MLK). Lactic acid values in 18 cases of bacterial or tuberculous pleural infection were strikingly higher (mean 81 mg%, range 45-200 mg%), than in 42 cases with pleural effusion due to congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, nephrosis, trauma, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; mean 19 mg%, range 6-47 mg/). High levels of LA were also found in the pleural fluid of 15 patients with malignancy of pleural cavity. Determination of LA can be an additional rapid tool in the differentiation between bacterial pleural inflammation and pleural effusion of various forms except in cases with malignancy of the pleural cavity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Neonatal pneumonia caused by members of the Bacteroides fragilis group.

Three infants who presented with premature rupture of membranes and neonatal pneumonia caused by organisms belonging to members of the B. fragilis group are reported. In all 3 instances, the organisms were recovered from tracheal aspirates and in 2 from blood cultures as well. Two of the newborns, treated with ampicillin and gentamicin, succumbed to their infections. The third, treated with clindamycin, recovered. Appropriate antibiotic coverage taking into account the penicillin-resistant anaerobes seems warranted for infants with neonatal pneumonia.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1980

Osteomyelitis and bacteremia caused by Bacteroides fragilis: a complication of fetal monitoring.

A neonate monitored with scalp electrodes during delivery presented with a scalp abscess, osteomyelitis and bacteremia. Bacteroides fragilis was recovered from the blood culture, and polymicrobial aerobic and anaerobic flora were isolated from the aspirated purulent material. Attention should be paid to the possibility of such complications in infants requiring fetal monitoring.

Abscess↗
PubMed1980

Aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of cervical adenitis in children.

Needle aspirates from 53 inflamed cervical lymph glands were studies for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and mycobacteria. Bacterial growth was achieved in 45 patients (85%). Sixty-six bacterial isolates were recovered, averaging 1.5 isolates per specimen (0.8 aerobes and 0.7 anaerobes), with as many as 4 isolates in some specimens. Aerobic organisms alone were recovered in 27 aspirates (60%) of the 45 culture-positive aspirates, anaerobic bacteria alone in 8 (18%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 9 specimens (20%). Mycobacterium scrofulaceum was recovered in one (2%). The predominant aerobic organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (14 isolates) and group A beta hemolytic streptococci (8). A total of 31 anaerobes were recovered, including gram-positive cocci (9, including 6 Peptococcus sp. and 3 Peptostreptococcus sp.), 8 Bacteroides sp. (including 3 B. melaninogenicus), 5 Propionibacterium acnes, and 4 Fusobacterium nucleatum. These data demonstrate the role of anaerobic organisms in cervical lymphadenitis and the need to culture aspirated material for both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.

Adolescent↗