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Biomedical subjects

I Broder

Publications and source records attributed to I Broder.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Association between celiac disease and lung disease.

An association has been suggested between celiac disease and diffuse interstitial lung disease of the hypersensitivity pneumonitis type in several reports from Europe. The present report consists of a study of 18 North American, biopsy-proved celiac patients, who were compared with an equal number of control subjects balanced for age, sex, and smoking. The celiac patients showed no evidence of interstitial lung disease as assessed by chest roentgenograms and pulmonary function tests. However, a history of asthma or chronic cough was present in a higher proportion of the celiac than control subjects. Also the celiac patients showed objective evidence of airway obstruction, as demonstrated by differences between the two groups in FEV1 (P less than 0.05) and Vmax 50% and Vmax 25% (P less than 0.01 and less than 0.05, respectively). These results confirm a recent report questioning whether there is truly a relationship between celiac disease and interstitial lung disease. Nevertheless, our findings suggest an association between celiac disease and airway obstruction.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

Effect of layoff and rehire on respiratory variables of grain elevator workers.

A group of 77 grain elevator workers was examined at monthly intervals over a 7-month period. Approximately half of the workers were temporarily laid off for several months of this period, during which those who were steadily employed were involved in processing a reduced throughput of grain. The men who were laid showed a transient decrease in some respiratory symptoms during the months of layoff, followed by an increase after rehire. Those who were steadily employed showed a corresponding increase in these symptoms during the period of reduced grain movement, which did not change when the elevator returned to full activity. All of them demonstrated the greatest maximal expiratory flow rates during the midportion of the period of reduced work status, and the lowest values after either rehire or the restoration of full elevator activity. These longitudinal changes in respiratory variables are largely consistent with the effects of grain dust exposure, which may be at least partially reversible.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1979

Videotape educational program for people with asthma.

A videotape educational program was produced for use in adults with asthma. The program provided an overview of lung function, the physiologic abnormalities and treatment of asthma, and the approach to common problems encountered by the patients. Its benefits were examined in a randomized controlled study. The efficacy of the program in 62 patients whose mean duration of illness was 17 years was assessed by comparing the level of knowledge of the experimental group immediately after viewing the tape with that of the controls, who had not seen it; the experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group. Retention of knowledge attributed to the program was assessed after a mean interval of 16 months. The knowledge test score of the experimental group was found to have decreased to the level of the control group. The main areas in which the experimental group lost knowledge were self-care and drug therapy for asthma. The medical status of the two groups did not change appreciably over the period of the study.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

A prospective study of respiratory infection in adult asthmatics and their normal spouses.

A prospective study of respiratory infections was performed in nineteen married asthmatics and their normal spouses who were examined at monthly intervals during a 1-year period. The colds described were associated with nasal symptoms, sore throat and usually malaise, fever, cough and hoarseness. The asthamtics reported a larger number of these symptomatic episodes than the non-asthmatics but significantly fewer of the episodes in the asthmatics were objectively confirmed by viral isolation or rise in serum titre of viral antibody. The frequency of respiratory infections was not influenced by the long term use of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate and oral corticosteroid drugs. Less than 10% of the exacerbations of asthma were associated with respiratory infection. The disability resulting from respiratory infections in the asthmatics did not significantly exceed that in the non-asthmatics.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of respiratory variables in grain elevator workers and civic outside workers of Thunder Bay, Canada.

We compared respiratory variables in 441 grain elevator workers with 180 civic outside laborers in Thunder Bay. The grain handlers had a lower frequency of both positive skin reactions to pollens and molds and a family history of asthma, which suggests that they may have been self-selected for a decreased tendency to develop allergic respiratory disease. There was a higher frequency of cough and rales and a small decrease in forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one sec among the grain handlers, as compared to the civic workers matched for smoking. However, these differences between grain and nongrain workers were small in comparison to those between smokers and nonsmokers. There was no clear indication of a worsening of respiratory functions that could be attributed specifically to duration of employment as a grain elevator worker.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Connective tissue disease and hyperviscosity syndrome with cryoprotein and immune complexes. Report of a case with autopsy findings and review of the literature.

A case is reported of chronic polyarthritis, hepatitis and hyperviscosity syndrome associated with the presence of intermediate and high molecular weight plasma complexes, a mixed cryoprotein and widespread endarteritis obliterans of small muscular arteries. The features of this case are compared with those of other reported cases of connective tissue disease associated with hyperviscosity syndrome.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1978

Studies into the occurrence of soluble antigen-antibody complexes in disease. VIII. Fractionation of rheumatoid samples containing immune complex-like material.

Fractionation studies were performed of an immune complex-like material measured in rheumatoid synovial fluid using a biological assay based on histamine release from guinea pig lung. This material was eluted from Sepharose 6B in the excluded fraction, from DEAE cellulose predominantly in the third buffer, and from polyacrylamide electrophoresis in a cathodal position. Heterogeneity of the complexes was evident on iso-electric focussing, with one peak of activity at a pH of 4.2--5.6 and the other at pH 6.8--8.6. Purification of the material was limited by a loss of activity which occurred on using three fractionation procedure in sequence. This instability was avoided in the case of Sepharose 6B by adding 0.1% bovine or rabbit albumin to the elution buffer.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Steroid-dependent asthma treated with inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate. A long-term study.

The efficacy of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate has been examined in 44 steroid-dependent asthmatics observed for 9 months to 2 years. A 3-month double-blind trial found that subjects treated with beclomethasone had a significant diminution in symptoms, were able to reduce their use of medication, and had improved maximum expiratory flow rates. Approximately one half were able to discontinue the use of oral prednisone within 9 months after starting beclomethasone, and a further one third reduced their dose by at least 50%. No characteristics could be defined to predict responsiveness to beclomethasone. The effectiveness of beclomethasone was sustained for as long as 2 years and was not associated with any abnormal urine, blood, or serum values or chest X-ray findings. Candidiasis of the palate appeared in approximately one third of the subjects and was usually transient. The chronic use of beclomethasone did not result in endocrine suppression.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition of anaphylactic histamine release by Forssman antiserum. I. Characteristics of the reaction and inhibitor.

Forssman antiserum produced in rabbits immunized with sheep erythrocyte stromata was found to contain an IgG antibody which inhibited both passive anaphylactic sensitization of guinea-pig lung and also histamine-releasing activity of soluble immune complexes. This Forssman antibody did not itself cause histamine release or depletion of lung histamine stores. The IgM haemolysin component of the Forssman antiserum was not associated with inhibitory activity. The inhibition by the IgG Forssman antibody differed from that of normal rabbit gammaglobulin both in its irreversible character and in being absorbed by sheep erythrocytes. The inhibitory antibody had no effect on the histamine-releasing activity of compound 48/80, anaphylatoxin or reversed anaphylaxis. It was concluded that IgG Forssman antibody probably blocks the tissue receptor(s) for anaphylactic antibody in guinea-pig lung.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1976

Rheumatoid pericarditis: comparison of immunologic characteristics of pericardial fluid, synovial fluid, and serum.

A comparison was made of the immunological characteristics of serum, synovial and pericardial fluids obtained from a 54 year old man with classic rheumatoid arthritis and pericarditis. The synovial and pericardial fluids had low complement levels and immune complexes were detected using both biological and physical methods. The serum had normal complement levels and no immune complexes could be demonstrated. The presence of immune complexes and complement depletion in the synovial and pericardial fluids supports the concept of local production of immune complexes, and is in keeping with a Type III mechanism of immunologic injury.

Antibodies↗