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Biomedical subjects

I Brama

Publications and source records attributed to I Brama.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Congenital choanal atresia and nerve deafness.

Four cases of bilateral congenital choanal atresia are presented. Three of them (75 per cent) were shown by Electric Response Audiometry (ERA) tests to have, in addition, congenital nerve deafness; and two had other congenital anomalies. Thus, congenital nerve deafness should be considered as a possible congenital anomaly associated with choanal atresia. Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital choanal atresia can prevent death from asphyxia during the neonatal period, but after surgical correction of the atresia the possible existence of additional anomalies has to be determined and treated. By the use of electric response audiometry we are able to detect sensorineural hearing loss during the neonatal period and can plan the rehabilitation of deaf infants.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1977

Early repair of blast ruptures of the tympanic membrane.

A method and results of early repair of blast rupture of the tympanic membrane in 24 selected cases, where flaps and/or free edges of the torn eardrum could be detected by examination with the operating microscope, are presented. By reversion of the flaps and approximation of the edges, the perforation was closed or significantly diminished. This ensured the healing of the tympanic membrane in all cases within days instead of months. No complications were noted during a subsequent two to three-years' follow-up. The improved hearing was stable.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Esophageal hiatal hernia in infants and children.

Although prior to 1950 esophageal hiatal hernia (EHH) in children was a seldom recognized entity, it has since then become well known. The symptoms in children are considerably different from those in adults. The cause of EHH is still somewhat in doubt. The term gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is often applied as a diagnosis where the diagnosis is uncertain. The authors have reviewed case histories of 56 patients admitted to the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, from 1972 to 1980. A comparison is made with 101 cases admitted between 1952 and 1960. It is our firm belief that all patients with symptoms of GER should be esophagoscoped for definitive diagnosis as well as for assessment of the esophagus. Because there is a high rate of respiratory complications in infants and children with GER, bronchoscopy should be carried out concurrently with the esophagoscopy. Infants with GER are at risk from the possibility of aspiration and it is possible that an unknown number of sudden infant death syndrome is due to this factor. The majority of patients with EHH can be managed by a medical regime. Those with esophageal strictures are treated by dilatation but many require surgical correction.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anesthesia for laryngeal laser surgery in the infant and child.

Currently available anesthetic techniques for laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy are briefly evaluated. Recently reported complications from the literature are reviewed. Satisfactory anesthetic techniques are shown to be limited by the physical dimensions of the instruments as well as the extreme limitations of the flow capacity of the small airway itself. The technique used at the Hospital for Sick Children for the past ten years is described. It is based upon spontaneous respiration with inhalation anesthesia, supplemented by topical lidocaine (Xylocaine). Size and age of the patient are not limiting factors. The safety and effectiveness of this technique are supported by representative blood gas studies as well as the clinical records of over 400 cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Auditory nerve and brain stem responses to sound stimuli at various frequencies.

The responses of the auditory nerve and brain stem auditory nuclei have been recorded with ear lobe and scalp electrodes in response to unfiltered click stimuli which excite mainly high-frequency nerve fibers. In order to overcome this limitation, normal subjects and patients with hearing loss were stimulated with third-octave filtered clicks with center frequencies of 250, 500 and 1 000 Hz. Analysis of the responses suggests that these lower-frequency stimuli excite lower-frequency cochlear nerve fibers. It is concluded that low-frequency filtered clicks can be used to complement unfiltered clicks in order to obtain a more complete objective audiogram.

Acoustic Stimulation↗