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Biomedical subjects

I Berg

Publications and source records attributed to I Berg.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Classification of severe school attendance problems.

Sixty-four children taken to court for failure to attend school were reliably classified into 4 groups, according to whether they exhibited the features of 'school refusal' and/or 'truancy'. About a fifth of them were found to exhibit 'school refusal'; a third showed 'truancy'; less than a sixth exhibited both 'school refusal' and 'truancy' combined; and over a third had the characteristics of neither condition. Differences between these categories were found in manifestations of psychiatric disturbance and in responsiveness to a court adjournment procedure.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1985

A color-contingent prism displacement aftereffect.

Observers were trained to point with feedback to red and blue dots whose images had been laterally displaced in opposite directions by a reversible prism. On pretraining and posttraining trials the red and blue dots were aligned vertically in the absence of visual orientation cues. The alignment was modified by the pointing training on the posttraining trials. The colors were aligned in the direction of their prior prismatic displacement. One control experiment showed that the alignment aftereffect requires feedback during the pointing task. Another experiment in which observers pointed to the red and blue dots with opposite arms showed that pointing to both dots with the same arm was necessary to produce the alignment aftereffect. Changes in the perceived position of objects in the visual field occur when changes in perceived limb position cannot compensate for a sensorimotor conflict. Eye torsion or fixation displacements are proposed as alternative mechanisms mediating the aftereffect.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1985

Teenage school refusers grow up: a follow-up study of 168 subjects, ten years on average after in-patient treatment.

Efforts were made to follow up 168 young teenage school refusers ten years, on average, after they had been treated as inpatients in an adolescent psychiatric unit. Almost half were well or much improved throughout the follow-up period. Outcome was most satisfactory in intellectually bright children treated under the age of 14 and among those who were well or substantially better shortly after discharge. Thirty per cent of the group had received treatment for psychiatric illness, 14% had seen a psychiatrist and 5% had been admitted to hospital for psychiatric treatment during the follow-up period. Thirty per cent appeared to be disturbed at the time that they were reviewed. The 'decennial-inception' and 'point-prevalence' rates for psychiatric disorder appeared unduly high by comparison with local and national rates of disturbance.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Mental distress in mothers of young children in Harrogate.

Two hundred and forty women with young children who were patients in a Harrogate general practice were studied. About a third of them were found to be suffering from 'mental distress'. Younger mothers were more affected. The number of spacing of their children were not related to symptoms of depression and anxiety, but poor personal relationships and difficulties getting out and about were so related, despite relatively affluent circumstances. Children of distressed mothers were more inclined to be disturbed. A controlled trial using amitriptyline involving 25 of the women suggested that this drug can improve depressive symptoms under these circumstances and that the improvement is likely to be maintained over the course of a year.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

School refusal.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A controlled trial of 'Senokot' in faecal soiling treated by behavioural methods.

A double-blind randomly controlled trial of one particular laxative, Senokot, used in moderate dosage, was carried out on a group of 40 children with severe and persistent soiling and often with a history of faecal retention. Significant improvement occurred following three months of outpatient treatment using a behavioural approach and either Senokot, placebo or no medication. However, there was no evidence either during the trial or subsequently when Senokot was employed to supplement behavioural treatment in every child who continued with therapy that this laxative contributed in any way to relieving the problem in this group of cases.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1982

Response of bedwetting to the enuresis alarm. Influence of psychiatric disturbance and maximum functional bladder capacity.

Fifty-four children with nocturnal enuresis were managed with the pad and bell system. Their maximum functional bladder capacity was estimated before they began treatment, and a Rutter A questionnaire was completed by the mothers. If an average of less than one wet night a week is taken as a criterion of success, then 63% of them responded in the last month of treatment; neither the Rutter score nor the maximum functional bladder capacity predicted outcome. However 26% failed to persist with treatment to the end of the project and were considered to have dropped out. If they are excluded, the initial response rate is 73%. In these cases a Rutter total score of at least 18 was found to be associated with failure to respond, but the maximum bladder capacity was not related to outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Controlled trial of imipramine in diurnal enuresis.

Twenty-seven children with diurnal enuresis were studied in a double-blind randomised controlled trial of imipramine. Outcome was not related to such features as age, gender, maximum functional bladder capacity, or evidence of psychiatric disturbance. Although the condition in several children improved, no evidence emerged to suggest that imipramine was superior to placebo in the treatment of the condition.

Child↗
PubMed1981

The relationship between the Rutter A Questionnaire and an interview with mother assessing child psychiatric disturbance among enuretic children.

Forty-one children who were being treated in a paediatric clinic for enuresis were studied to see how many of them were psychiatrically disturbed on clinical assessment and to ascertain the usefulness of 2 cut-off points of T (total) scores on the Rutter A scale in identifying them. A score of 13 or more which had previously been recommended was found to be inadequate in this group of cases. There were indications that a cut-off point of 18 or more was more appropriate. The importance of knowing the base rate of psychiatric disorder in the population on which the questionnaire is being used is emphasized, since this affects the selection of an appropriate cut-off point.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The parents of school phobic adolescents - a preliminary investigation of family life variables.

Parents were interviewed at home in a preliminary study of family life variables. Forty-eight had children admitted to an adolescent in-patient unit, 19 of them for school phobia and the remainder because of other psychiatric conditions. Difficulty in obtaining a comparable group from the normal school population resulted in only 12 such families being studied in addition. The psychiatric cases were reliably separated into school phobic and other problems. Practically all the school phobics had neurotic disorders. Contact of parents with relatives and friends, their leisure activities outside the home, their patterns of work and their management of domestic affairs, were looked at. It was thought that these aspects of family functioning might be distinctive where there was a school phobic youngster and that an abnormal pattern of family life might predispose a child to this disorder. In fact, no evidence emerged to suggest that parents of school phobic adolescents participate in, or make decisions about, family life activities in any way different from parents of other psychiatric cases or normal controls.

Adolescent↗