Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I Beckmann.
Cole strains of Mycobacterium, originally introduced as M. scrofulaceum serovar No. 44 and later rejected as belonging to M. avium were re-investigated and compared with well-documented strains of M. scrofulaceum. Our data show that the Cole serovar belongs to M. scrofulaceum and should be re-introduced as serovar No. 44 of M. scrofulaceum.
A saline extract (SE) and a phenol/water extract (WL) were prepared from Bacteroides ovatus strain ATCC 8483. A fraction CS was isolated from the culture supernatant. WL was further split by ultracentrifugation into lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and supernatant (L1). Fractions SE, WL, LPS and L1 reacted serologically with homologous antiserum but did not cross-react with antisera against heterologous Bacteroides serotypes. Fraction CS was inactive in haemagglutination, haemagglutination inhibition and immunoelectrophoresis tests. SE, WL, LPS and L1 proved to be serologically heterogeneous. A distinct serological specificity for SE was demonstrated. The serological reactivity in SE and WL was not altered after treatment with proteolytic enzymes yet completely destroyed in WL and partially in SE by sodium metaperiodate. SE, WL, LPS and L1 contained the sugar components rhamnose, fucose, ribose, mannose, galactose, glucose and glucosamine in different molar ratios for each fraction. Galactosamine was found in WL and LPS, uronic acid in WL and L1. Two unidentified aminohexoses were detected in WL, one of which was also detectable in L1 and SE. 2-Keto-3-deoxyaldonic acid was demonstrated in LPS and L1 after strong acid hydrolysis.
Phenol/water-extracted lipopolysaccharide and a fraction of HM, extracted with acetate buffer pH 2.0, from Bacteroides fragilis strain 62/73 are antigenically different as shown by immunodiffusion, passive haemagglutination, haemagglutination inhibition and preliminary chemical investigations. Biological activity, assessed with the local Shwartzmann reaction, was demonstrated for the lipopolysaccharide whereas antigen HM was almost inactive in this test. HM is immunogenic in rabbits. Antibodies against HM were detected in seven out of ten sera of healthy humans.
The antibacterial activity of a new jelly for burns and wounds with the components tyrothricin, 8-hydroxyquinoline, fomocaine and diphenhydramine (Herit) is described. The biological availability of tyrothricin and 8-hydroxyquinoline from the gel is in accordance with minimum inhibitor concentrations (MIC). Against strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans the jelly was most effective.
We investigated sera of healthy and ill people with different diagnoses to their reactivity against antigens isolated from six serotypes A--E2 (subspecies) of Bacteroides fragilis in indirect hemagglutination tests. These investigations were conducted partly in Poland and partly in the Netherlands. - In many cases antibodies towards several serotypes of Bacteroides fragilis were present in the healthy. In the Netherlands we found antibodies towards serotypes C and E2; in Poland serotypes D and E1 seem to be predominant in the healthy, whereas some reactivity towards other serotypes also could be observed (see table 1). - Hemagglutinationtiters in sera of the ill were frequently increased. In these sera we found also reactivity towards serotypes which are absent or rare in the healthy (see tables 2, 4 and 5). Sera of patients with carcinoma or sarcoma displayed high titers and especially reactivity towards those serotypes which are absent or rare in the healthy (see tables 3, 4 and 5).
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The immunization with incompatible blood groups substances of the ABO system yielded distinct increases in the isohemagglutinin titers and their scores in 16 patients suffering from systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) and in 16 controls. The difference between these two groups was not statistically significant, which suggests an intact humoral immunological reactivity of these antigens. However, investigations with further antigens would be necessary to judge the immunological factors supposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. The method may be recommended for testing the humoral immunological response in similar problems.
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