Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to I Baker.
Sphenoid sinus mucous cysts are rare, benign, expansile masses, which can form mucoceles if the entire sinus is filled. Due to their close proximity to numerous important anatomical structures, they can cause a variety of different symptoms. The incidental finding of a sphenoid sinus mucous cyst during cephalometric radiology for orthodontic analysis is reported.
We have investigated the frequencies of RFLPs of the apolipoprotein (apo) AII gene and of the apo AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster in 109 men, selected from a random sample of 1,910 men aged 45-59 years, to cover a wide range of plasma high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration. There was no significant difference in apo AI or apo AII RFLP allele frequency between groups of individuals with high and low HDL-cholesterol concentration. However, the apo AI PstI RFLP showed an association with genetic variation determining the plasma concentration of apo AI in this sample. Genetic variation in the apo AI-CIII-AIV gene region, as defined by haplotypes, accounted for 16% of the phenotypic variance in the apo AI concentration and for 8% of the phenotypic variance in HDL-cholesterol concentration. There was no significant association between alleles of the apo AII MspI RFLP and genetic variation determining apo AII or HDL concentration. The data demonstrate that genetic variation in the apo AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster is involved in determining the serum concentration of apo AI in this sample of clinically well individuals.
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The endogenous formation of nitrosoproline (NPRO) following administration of nitrate and proline is reported in ten healthy young adults. There was a relatively constant basal excretion of NPRO, 26 +/- 10 (SD) nmol/day, in excess of amounts found in the diet. This basal synthesis of NPRO was not reduced by ascorbic acid (2 g/day) or alpha-tocopherol (400 mg/day). A significant rise in the excretion of NPRO was observed following the administration of nitrate and proline, ranging from 29 to 318 nmol/24 h with a mean of 100 nmol/24 h. [15N]Nitrate was used as a tracer to study the observed excess excretion of NPRO in urine. The data revealed that urinary NPRO excretion as a result of endogenous synthesis is not totally derived from ingested nitrate as its precursor. The ingestion of ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol inhibited the incorporation of [15N]nitrate into NPRO by 81 and 59%, respectively. An additional nitrosamino acid, N-nitrosothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, was present in the urine. It was found that N-nitrosothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid increased 6-fold upon ingestion of nitrate. Ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol blocked this nitrate induced synthesis.
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Although many different beta blockers are now in clinical use, there is very little information concerning their relative efficacy, and it is still not clear what clinical importance should be attached to properties such as positive inotropic stimulation (intrinsic sympathomimetic activity or ISA) and membrane stabilizing action ("local anaesthetic effect" or "quinidine-like effect"). In this report we compare the ability of patients with angina to exercise on a bicycle ergometer while receiving a series of commonly used beta blockers, and attempt to determine the importance of ISA. The investigation is in four parts with the drugs given orally or intravenously: statistical analysis of the results was carried out using standard methods, both parametric and non-parametric (Friedmann analysis of variance, Wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test) by two independent statisticians. The relevant properties of drugs included in this paper are summarized in Table I. Laboratory reports using many different animal preparations may differ from this assessment under specific conditions, and the Table is intended only as a guide to the generally accepted properties of these drugs when used clinically. Results for sotalol are included for reference in the first part of this paper but the drug was withdrawn from clinical use and was not studied further.
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A combination of electric force microscopy (EFM) and noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study microscratching-induced dislocations in sphaleritic ZnS single crystals. Dislocation bands predominantly consisting of either anion-type (S) or cation-type (Zn) dislocations were induced by scratching along either [111] or [111] on a (110) surface. A significant difference of local distortions in electrical potential between the S(g) and Zn(g) dislocation bands was observed from the EFM images. Electric charges of these dislocations were determined quantitatively and the results were compared with theoretical models.
Children from a cohort of consecutive births identified with behaviour problems by the Richman Screening Questionnaire at the age of 5 years continued to have behaviour problems, as assessed by the Rutter parental questionnaire and the Bristol Social Adjustment Guide, more frequently at the age of 8 1/2-9 years than matched control children. No difference between the groups in non-verbal IQ was identified by the Pidgeon Non-Verbal Test BD. The Neale Test of Reading Ability showed delays of 5 months for both accuracy and comprehension for the study group compared with the controls. These results confirm the recent findings of Richman and others (1982) in a different setting.