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Biomedical subjects

I Ando

Publications and source records attributed to I Ando.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Degradation of bisphenol A in water by TiO2 photocatalyst.

The photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A (BPA), a representative endocrine disruptor, was carried out in TiO2 aqueous suspension. The main purposes were to confirm the total mineralization of BPA and to evaluate the estrogenic activity in the treated water during the photocatalytic reaction. An initial BPA concentration of 175 microM in water was totally degraded to carbon dioxide by TiO2-photocatalyzed reactions under UV irradiation of 10 mW cm-2 for 20 h. Four HPLC peaks indicating intermediate products appeared in chromatograms monitored at 275 nm, but the heights relative to that of the initial BPA were very low, at most 0.04 in the time period 5-10 h after the start of UV irradiation. All of the peaks finally disappeared after 20 h. For the treated water, the transcriptional estrogenic activity in response to human estrogen receptor in a yeast hybrid assay decreased drastically to less than 1% of the initial BPA's activity within 4 h. On the basis of these results, we conclude that TiO2 photocatalysis could be a useful technology for the purification of water containing BPA without generating any serious secondary pollution.

Benzhydryl Compounds↗
PubMed2001

Generalized hyperpigmentation of the skin due to vitamin B12 deficiency.

A 49-year-old man presented with neurosis, hyperpigmentation of the skin, and depigmentation of the hair. On examination, hyperpigmentation was observed on the oral mucosa and the skin of the forearms, elbows, palmar creases and periunguinal area, knees, and feet. He had megaloblastic anemia with a low serum level of vitamin B12 due to malabsorption resulting from a gastrectomy 10 years previously. His hyperpigmentation was resolved with vitamin B12 supplementation. Histology showed an increase of melanin in the basal layer. In electron microscopic study, many melanosomes were observed in melanocytes and surrounding keratinocytes. We consider that the dominant mechanism of hyperpigmentation due to vitamin B12 deficiency is not a defect in melanin transport but is rather an increase in melanin synthesis.

Anemia, Megaloblastic↗
PubMed2000

A study of conformational stability of polyglycine and poly(L-alanine), and polyglycine/poly(L-alanine) blends in the solid state by (13)C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning NMR.

13C Cross-Polarization/Magic Angle Spinning nmr and T(1rhoH) experiments of polyglycine (PG), poly(L-alanine) (PLA), and PG/PLA blends prepared from dichloroacetic acid solution have been carried out, in order to elucidate the conformational stability of these polypeptides in the solid state. From these experimental results, it was clarified that the conformations of PG and PLA in their blends are strongly influenced by intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions that cause their miscibility at the molecular level.

Carbon Isotopes↗
PubMed2000

Production of 105Rh-EDTMP and its bone accumulation.

105Rh has favorable physical characteristics as a radiotherapeutic nuclide. Carrier-free 105Rh can be produced by the neutron activation of 104Ru followed by beta decay of 105Ru. It was clarified that carrier-free 105Rh can be produced in quantities and the purity necessary for chemical and clinical investigations of its use as a nuclide for radiotherapy. 105Rh-EDTMP was simply obtained from 105Rh3+ and EDTMP by heating for 30 min in boiling water, giving a radiochemical yield of > 99%. Dissociation of radioactivity assessed by paperchromatography was negligible for up to 5 days after its preparation. In animals, 105Rh-EDTMP showed rapid blood clearance and selective uptake in the bone. Hence, 105Rh-EDTMP is thought to be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of pain due to bone metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Activation of the Drosophila NF-kappaB factor Relish by rapid endoproteolytic cleavage.

The Rel/NF-kappaB transcription factor Relish plays a key role in the humoral immune response in Drosophila. We now find that activation of this innate immune response is preceded by rapid proteolytic cleavage of Relish into two parts. An N-terminal fragment, containing the DNA-binding Rel homology domain, translocates to the nucleus where it binds to the promoter of the Cecropin A1 gene and probably to the promoters of other antimicrobial peptide genes. The C-terminal IkappaB-like fragment remains in the cytoplasm. This endoproteolytic cleavage does not involve the proteasome, requires the DREDD caspase, and is different from previously described mechanisms for Rel factor activation.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Effect of paclitaxel on cisplatin resistant head and neck squamous multicellular tumor spheroids].

Paclitaxel has been reported to be effective for the treatment of CDDP resistant tumors. Thus, the efficacy of paclitaxel on CDDP resistant HEp-2 and KB head and neck squamous carcinoma cell lines was evaluated in monolayer and multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS). Cell lines with a tenfold resistance to CDDP were used in this study (Tanaka, K. et al, Keio J Med, 70. 1993). MTS were developed using the liquid overlay culture technique. After exposure to graded concentrations of drugs and different exposure time, the cells were subjected to a clonogenic assay. The effect of paclitaxel on both monolayer and MTS was dependent on the drug concentration and related to the exposure time. For HEp-2 MTS, 10(-7) M/L of paclitaxel resulted in a cell death rate of approximately 90% in both parent and resistant cells. For KB MTS, the cells were more resistant to paclitaxel than the HEp-2 cells, and a 72 hour exposure time was needed to achieve a cell death rate of approximately 90%. These data suggest that paclitaxel may be effective for treating CDDP resistant head and neck cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1999

Relationship between the biodistributions of radioactive metal nuclides in tumor tissue and the physicochemical properties of these metal ions.

This study was undertaken to elucidate the relationship between the biodistribution of radioactive metal nuclides in tumor tissue and its physicochemical properties. Potassium analogs (86Rb, 134Cs, 201Tl) were taken up into viable tumor tissue, although 22Na concentrated in necrotic tumor tissue. 67Ga and 111In were more predominant in inflammatory tissue than in the viable and necrotic tumor tissue. 169Yb and 167Tm accumulated in viable tumor tissue and tissue containing viable and necrotic tumor tissue. 67Ga, 111In, 169Yb and 167Tm were bound to the acid mucopolysaccharide with a mol. wt. of about 10,000 daltons in the tumor tissue. 46Sc, 51Cr, 95Zr, 181Hf, 95Nb, 182Ta, and 103Ru were highly concentrated in inflammatory tissue and were bound to the acid mucopolysaccharides with a mol. wt. exceeding 40,000 daltons. 65Zn and 103Pd concentrated in viable tumor tissue and were bound to the protein in the tissue. The results suggest that the difference in intra-tumor distribution of these elements is caused by a difference in the binding substances (or status) of these elements in the tissues, and the binding substance is determined by physicochemical properties of the elements. We therefore conclude that the biodistribution of radioactive metal ions in tumor tissue is determined by its own physicochemical properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Equivalent dipoles for middle latency auditory evoked potentials using the dipole tracing method.

During the last decade, new dipole localization techniques have prompted the search for the neuronal generators of evoked potentials. In this study we have reported the equivalent dipoles for the middle latency auditory evoked potentials (MAEPs) by the mean of these localization using the dipole tracing method. MAEPs that were recorded from 19 normal human subjects attending to random binaural clicks were analyzed using the dipole tracing method. Equivalent dipoles (EDs) were found, using both the single-dipole model and the two-dipole model, for components occurring from 0 to 60 ms after stimulus onset. The dipole analysis accounted for the real head geometry based on three-dimensional digitization of measured head shape, and the results were experimentally correlated to those of magnetic resonance imaging to increase the accuracy of ED localization. For components in the first 15 ms latency (P0 and Na), neither model provided EDs with reproducible high dipolality. Na was particularly difficult to analyze, as this component was often contaminated by myogenic potentials. The results provided by the two-dipole model for the Pa component (20-30 ms) showed three variations: in three subjects, one ED was located in each supratemporal cortex; in another three, one ED was located in the right temporal cortex and the other in the midbrain; and in the remaining thirteen subjects, both EDs were in the midbrain. The single-dipole model and the two-dipole model both found EDs in the midbrain for Nb. Further study is necessary to determine the cause or causes of the variety in our results. And it is also necessary to try the study using unilateral ear stimulation with/without contralateral masking noise for understanding the mechanism of the binaural interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Fibrous membrane formation at the capsular margin in capsule contraction syndrome.

PURPOSE: To determine whether the pathogenesis of capsule contraction syndrome involves the outgrowth of the fibrous membrane from the anterior capsule margin. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, and the Ando Eye Clinic, Kanagawa, Japan. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records and slitlamp photographs was conducted in 12 eyes (10 patients) that had required treatment for a narrowed anterior capsule opening after cataract surgery. All patients had had continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and phacoemulsification with implantation of an intraocular lens in the capsular bag. Specimens of surgically removed fibrous membrane were examined by histopathological methods. RESULTS: Fibrous membrane on the inner surface of the anterior capsule and the linear folds of the anterior capsule were present in each eye. In 10 eyes of 8 patients, the fibrous membrane was on the outer surface of the anterior capsule and covered the capsular folds at its margin. Pathological study showed that this fibrous membrane consisted of the flattened lens epithelial cells that proliferated on the inner and outer surfaces of the shrunken anterior capsule. The outgrowth of this membrane from the margin of the anterior capsule to the center of the opening of the anterior capsule was noted. CONCLUSION: In this study, capsule contraction syndrome involved contraction of the fibrous membrane as well as its outgrowth from the capsule margin.

Actins↗
PubMed1999

Relish, a central factor in the control of humoral but not cellular immunity in Drosophila.

The NF-kappa B-like Relish gene is complex, with four transcripts that are all located within an intron of the Nmdmc gene. Using deletion mutants, we show that Relish is specifically required for the induction of the humoral immune response, including both antibacterial and antifungal peptides. As a result, the Relish mutants are very sensitive to infection. A single cell of E. cloacae is sufficient to kill a mutant fly, and the mutants show increased susceptibility to fungal infection. In contrast, the blood cell population, the hematopoietic organs, and the phagocytic, encapsulation, and melanization responses are normal. Our results illustrate the importance of the humoral response in Drosophila immunity and demonstrate that Relish plays a key role in this response.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

A large number of tandem repeats in the polymorphic epithelial mucin gene is associated with severe acne.

Polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM) or MUC1 is a glycoprotein secreted from various epithelial gland tissues. In skin, PEM is detected in sweat glands and sebaceous glands by the DF3 monoclonal antibody. The gene of PEM includes an allele exhibiting length polymorphism due to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR); this is expressed co-dominantly, which may influence the microenvironment of the skin. The allelic size variation of the PEM gene was investigated in Japanese acne patients, atopic dermatitis patients, and healthy controls. The frequency of longer length alleles was significantly higher in severe acne patients.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1998

177Lu-EDTMP: a potential therapeutic bone agent.

Lutetium-177 (177Lu) has both beta particle emissions for a therapeutic effect and gamma emissions for imaging. This study was undertaken to synthesize and evaluate 177Lu-EDTMP (ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonic acid) as a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical for the palliation of pain from bone metastases. Chelation of 177Lu to EDTMP was obtained by heating for 30 min in boiling water at pH 8.8, resulting in a radiochemical yield of over 99%. The compound was stable for 20 days without any appreciable dissociation. Biodistribution studies in normal rats indicated selective bone accumulation, showing faster blood clearance, higher bone uptake and higher bone-to-soft tissue ratios than 99Tcm-MDP. In conclusion, 177Lu-EDTMP has favourable biological and physical characteristics for the palliative treatment of painful bone metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Cellulitis of the eyelids associated with sinusitis and brain abscess.

Erythema in the orbital area can indicate systemic and life-threatening diseases. We experienced an unusual and serious case of orbital cellulitis that was difficult to distinguish from a case with good prognosis. A 21-year-old man developed an erythema around his eyes. He exhibited no symptoms that would suggest lesions in deep tissues, but his condition turned out to be cellulitis retrogradely metastasized from an odontogenic sinusitis traced to a dental treatment problem. Computed tomography revealed complication of a large abscess in the frontal lobe. Cellulitis of the orbital area requires particular clinical discretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Regulation of cerebral blood flow response to somatosensory stimulation through the cholinergic system: a positron emission tomography study in unanesthetized monkeys.

The effects of scopolamine, a muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist and physostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) response to vibrotactile stimulation of the forepaw were studied in the brain of unanesthetized monkeys using 15O-labeled water and high resolution positron emission tomography. Before scopolamine administration, vibrotactile stimulation produced a significant increase in the rCBF response in the contralateral somatosensory cortex of the monkey brain. Intravenous administration of scopolamine at doses ranging from 1 to 500 microg/kg resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of the rCBF response. The rCBF response abolished by scopolamine (50 microg/kg) was recovered by administration of physostigmine (10 microg/kg). On the other hand, the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglc) response, measured with [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, to the same stimulation was unchanged by administration of either scopolamine and/or physostigmine. These results suggested that cholinergic mechanisms might be involved in regulation of the coupling between neuronal activity and rCBF response, not between the activity and rCMRglc response.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Solid-state variable-temperature 1H MAS NMR studies on deuterated polyethylene.

Solid-state variable-temperature/magic angle spinning (VT/MAS) 1H NMR measurements were carried out on deuterated polyethylene. From these experimental results it was found that the 1H chemical shift induced by conformational and morphological changes of the polyethylene sample is within the linewidth of approximately 0.5 ppm. Furthermore, from MAS/dipolar decoupling experiments it was found that the resonance frequency of the proton varies linearly with the inverse square of the deuterium decoupling power. This experimental finding is discussed theoretically.

Deuterium↗