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Biomedical subjects

I Ali

Publications and source records attributed to I Ali.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Management of empyema thoracis.

Over a 5-year period, 65 adult patients with empyema thoracis were treated. The cause of the empyema was postpneumonic in 52%, postresectional in 24%, a complication of minor surgical procedures in 14%, posttraumatic in 5%, and the result of miscellaneous causes in 5%. In the postpneumonic group, infection resulted from a single aerobic organism in 41%, multiple aerobic organisms in 9%, single anaerobic organisms in 12%, and mixed aerobic-anaerobic organisms in 18%. Peptostreptococcus, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Peptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, and diphtheroids were the most common organisms, accounting for 55% of bacterial isolates. All 34 patients with postpneumonic empyema were initially treated with drainage, which was successful in two thirds. The remainder, 12 patients, ultimately required thoracotomy. Decortication was combined with intrathoracic transposition of extrathoracic skeletal muscles in 9 patients. There was no reoperation or recurrence of infection, and thoracoplasty was avoided; residual spaces were filled by the transposed muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Hydrazine sulfate influence on nutritional status and survival in non-small-cell lung cancer.

This randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled clinical trial compares the influence on nutritional status and survival of hydrazine sulfate with placebo addition to cisplatin-containing combination chemotherapy in patients with unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The trial consisted of 65 patients with advanced, unresectable NSCLC who had had no prior chemotherapy, were at least partially ambulatory (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] performance status [PS] level 0-2), and who had adequate hematologic, renal, and hepatic function. All patients received the same defined combination chemotherapy (cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin) and the same defined dietary counseling with the addition of either three times daily oral hydrazine sulfate (60 mg) or placebo capsules. Hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo addition to chemotherapy resulted in significantly greater caloric intake and albumin maintenance (P less than .05). Considering all patients, survival was greater for the hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo group (median survival, 292 v 187 days), but the difference did not achieve statistical significance. In favorable PS patients (PS 0-1), survival was significantly prolonged (median survival, 328 days v 209 days; P less than .05) for hydrazine sulfate compared with placebo addition. In a multifactor analysis, PS, weight loss, and liver involvement were the final variables. Objective response frequency and toxicity were comparable on both arms. Hydrazine sulfate may favorably influence nutritional status and clinical outcome of patients with NSCLC. Further definitive studies of hydrazine sulfate addition to therapeutic regimens in NSCLC are warranted.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1988

Genetic variability of proto-oncogenes for breast cancer risk and prognosis.

This paper summarizes the results of a study on human breast cancers performed mainly at the Centre René Huguenin in collaboration with other American and French groups, and supported in part by a Grant from the Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) Villejuif. During this work, the following conclusions emerged: c-myc proto-oncogene amplification is a common alteration in ductal invasive tumors, more frequently found in recurrent and metastatic tumors, suggesting a role for c-myc in tumor progression. However, in the current state of our study, it does not appear to be linked to prognosis; parts of the short arm of chromosome 11 are deleted in 20% of tumors resulting in hemizygosity for several genes (c-ha-ras, beta globin, pTH, calcitonin, catalase). These deletions seem to be linked with aggressiveness of tumors; a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) study of c-ha-ras has shown a significant association of the frequency of rare ha-ras alleles in cancer patients compared to that of normal individuals. Although this result is currently a matter of controversy, further studies must be independently repeated to be conclusive; -- another RFLP was found in c-mos proto-oncogene, which is detected only in patients with breast cancers or other types of tumors. The molecular basis for this RFLP has been elucidated. The significance of this association is unknown.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system: a diagnostic problem.

Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) is difficult to diagnose because of the difficulty in differentiating it from multiple sclerosis, sarcoidosis, metastatic disease, chronic granulomatous disease, and cerebral cysticercosis. With the patient presented in this report, no abnormalities were found after performing laboratory tests, using radiographic modalities, and taking biopsies. Dexamethasone treatment was initiated, and patient's symptoms improved.Primary CNS lymphoma was not diagnosed until a year after presentation, due to lack of tissue diagnosis. CNS must be suspected when a diagnosed tumor treated with steroid is not found at surgery. It is suggested that a computerized tomographic scan be requested before the start of steroid therapy, as the lesion can disappear with steroid treatment.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Portal vein injury.

With the increasing number of traumatic injuries being seen in emergency departments, physicians must be aware of the less common and less obvious types of serious injury. Portal vein injury is serious (death rate 50%) and may be diagnosed only at laparotomy. Fortunately this injury is rare. Its management can be difficult, but an awareness of the possible methods of treatment could be life-saving. The authors report their experience with this injury and survey the literature on the subject.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Influence of nandrolone decanoate on weight loss in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

The short term addition of nandrolone decanoate to combination chemotherapy given to patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer was evaluated in a randomized, prospective trial. Patients were treated with doxorubicin 50 mg/M2 intravenously, cyclophosphamide 300 mg/M2 intravenously, CCNU 50 mg/M2 orally, vincristine 1.4 mg/M2 intravenously, with and without cisplatin 50 mg/M2 intravenously, all given every 28 days. In addition, patients were randomized to receive either nandrolone decanoate 200 mg intramuscularly weekly for 4 weeks or no additional therapy. Patient age, disease extent, performance score, and pretreatment weight loss were similar in the two treatment arms. Objective antitumor response frequency was comparable on both treatment arms with median survival somewhat longer for patients receiving the androgen (median survival 5.5 months without and 8.2 months with nandrolone decanoate). There was a trend for less severe weight loss on the nandrolone decanoate arm (average weight loss 0.8 +/- 0.15 kg versus 0.21 +/- 0.18 kg, respectively), with half as many patients experiencing weight loss on nandrolone decanoate (25% versus 12%). A separate concurrent study has demonstrated decreased free testosterone levels in 66% of patients with advanced cancer studied prior to chemotherapy treatment, therefore, further prospective studies in which pretreatment testosterone levels are used to guide androgen administration are needed to define more precisely a role for androgen replacement therapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1985

Doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, CCNU, and vincristine with or without cisplatinum in non-small cell lung cancer.

To evaluate the role of cisplatinum in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer, 48 patients received either a doxorubicin (adriamycin) 50 mg/m2 I.V., cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m2 I.V., lomustine (CCNU) 50 mg/m2 p.o., vincristine (oncovin) 1.2 mg/m2 I.V. (ACCO) combination or the same drugs plus cisplatinum 50 mg/m2 I.V. (PACCO) in a prospective sequential trial. No patient had received prior chemotherapy. Patients receiving the two regimens were comparable with regard to median age, performance status, histologic subtype, disease extent, and weight loss. Objective response frequency was only 5% in the initial 20 patients receiving ACCO treatment compared to a response frequency of 28% (7% complete) in the 28 patients receiving cisplatinum in the PACCO treatment arm (p less than 0.06). Patients achieving objective response lived significantly longer than nonresponders (9.1 months vs. 3.8 months, p less than 0.05). Although median survival was similar on the two regimens (6.1 months for ACCO vs. 7.6 months for PACCO), more than four times as many patients were alive after 1 year in the PACCO treatment group (24% vs. 5%). Predominant toxicity consisted of moderately severe nausea and vomiting (63% on PACCO vs. 34% on ACCO, p less than 0.05) and myelosuppression with WBC less than 3,000/mm3 occurring in the majority of patients on both regimens. These results suggest cisplatinum addition to a doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, lomustine, and vincristine combination may be associated with increased 1-year survival in the non-small cell lung cancer patient population.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1979

Malignant paraganglioma of the prostate and retroperitoneum.

A case of malignant paraganglioma of the prostate, metastatic to the retroperitoneal area, is reported. The literature is reviewed and the possible origin of the disease is discussed. We believe that this is the first report of this entity of prostatic origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Virus-like particles in an estranuclear mutant of Neurospora crassa.

A particulate fraction not present in wild-type cells has been isolated from the cytoplasm and from lysed mitochondria of the respiratory-deficient extranuclear mutant "abnormal-1" of Neurospora crassa. The particles have a density between 1.13 and 1.2 g/ml. They appear in thin sections after OsO(4) fixation as virus-like polymorphic vesicles containing an electron-dense nucleoid of 120-170 nm in diameter. The central core is surrounded by one or two "unit membrane" envelopes of 100 A thickness. The particles contain a single-stranded 33S RNA that is converted to 7-9S RNA by heat treatment in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and that differs in its base composition from mitochondrial and cytoplasmic ribosomal RNA. They contain 7% phospholipids rich in phosphatidylethanolamine and two major proteins, a lipoprotein of molecular weight 15,000 and a glycoprotein of molecular weight 95,000. It is suggested that these virus-like particles originate within mitochondria.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗