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Biomedical subjects

I Aganović

Publications and source records attributed to I Aganović.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Massive osteolysis in a girl with agenesis of thyroid C cells.

A rare case of massive osteolysis affecting the pelvis of a young girl is presented. The clinical, radiographic, and histopathological features are described in detail. Septicemia complicated the clinical course and the patient eventually died. Histopathological examination of the pelvic lesion revealed massive osteolysis characterized by prominent osteoclastic activity with extensive bone resorption. A thorough post-mortem histological examination of the thyroid gland showed no C cells. This is an interesting observation, since it is known that thyroid C cells are the primary source of calcitonin. Since the main biological effect of calcitonin is to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption, there is a possibility that massive osteolysis in our case could have been related to the lack of this hormone. There is a clear need for further investigation regarding the role of thyroid C cells and calcitonin in this puzzling disease.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMed1996

[Epidemiology, classification and clinical aspects of hyperandrogenemia].

Hyperandogenemia in women is manifested typically by clinical features that may include hirsutism, acne, central obesity, male pattern baldness, increased waist-to-hip ratio, clitoral hypertrophy and deepening of the voice. The differential diagnosis include Cushing syndrome, PCO and iatrogenic hirsutism. Complications include cardiovascular disease, intravascular disease and insulin resistance. An interdisciplinary approach to management is strongly recommended. Risk reduction strategies include correction of dyslipidemias, low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of myocardial infarction, maintenance of ideal weight, smoking cessation, use of oral contraceptives with low progestin, and postmenopausal estrogen replacement.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1996

[Polycystic ovary syndrome: a disorder of insulin action and an increased risk for onset of non-insulin-dependent diabetes].

Hyperandrogenemia may be the most common endocrinopathy in women, affecting up to 10% of all women and as many as 30% of certain subgroups. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have a unique disorder of insulin action and are at increased risk to develop NIDDM. NIDDM in women with PCOS has earlier age of onset than it does in the general population. Insulin-induced receptor autophosphorylation is diminished in 50% of PCOS women. PCOS may be a disease of abnormal protein tyrosine kinase receptor signaling. IGF-I and IGF-II play an important role in regulating ovarian androgen production via receptors.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed1996

[National consensus on hyperandrogenemia].

Croatian Endocrine Society and Croatian Academy of Medical Sciences organized Symposium on Hyperandrogenaemia on March 22nd, 1996. Different aspects of this syndrome were discussed: epidemiology, classification and clinical features, steroid biosynthesis in the adrenal gland and ovarium, the genetics of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), clinical significance of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone metabolism, androgen excess and metabolic syndrome (syndrome X), insulin disturbances in PCOS, increased risk for development of non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, androgen effects on serum lipoproteins, insulin like growth factors and function of ovarium, Doppler parameters in PCOS, treatment of hyperandrogenaemia, skin changes in PCOS, tests for adrenal and ovarial function, arterial hypertension and hyperinsulinism. National Board of Hyperandrogenaemia has been elected.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effects of ritanserin, a specific serotonin-S2 receptor antagonist, on the release of anterior pituitary hormones during insulin-induced hypoglycemia in normal humans.

The role of serotonin in the insulin hypoglycemia (IH) stimulated secretion of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol (F) was studied in a group of 12 normal subjects during the control period after placebo and a consecutive six-day treatment with 20 mg ritanserin (RIT) per day. RIT failed to affect the baseline levels of all the four hormones as well as the PRL response to IH (p > 0.5). The serum GH response to IH was moderately diminished after RIT, the reduction of integrated trapezoidal area under hormone curves (nAUC) being 50.7% +/- 6.9% (p < 0.005). Furthermore, RIT was found to slightly decrease the plasma ACTH response to IH, the reduction of nAUC being 36.3% +/- 2.6% (p < 0.005). Decrease in the corresponding plasma F response to IH was accompanied by 29.1% +/- 2.4% reduction of nAUC (p < 0.005). According to our results, serotonin-S2 receptors appeared to be moderately involved in IH-induced release of GH, but slightly in that of ACTH, leaving unaffected that of PRL.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effects of ritanserin, a novel serotonin-S2 receptor antagonist, on the secretion of pituitary hormones in normal humans.

The availability of a new potent and selective serotonin-S2 antagonist, ritanserin (RIT), encouraged us to further investigate the effect of serotonin on the basal secretion of anterior pituitary hormones in normal humans. Administered in a single 30-mg dose to group 1 consisting of 10 normal women, RIT failed to affect the baseline LH, FSH, GH or TSH levels. In group 2 consisting of 20 normal subjects (ten males and ten females), the same dose of RIT decreased in parallel both ACTH and cortisol levels but only at 180 min. Group 3 consisting of 8 normal men was studied on three separate occasions seven days apart: each subject received graded doses of 10 mg, 20 mg and 30 mg RIT. The mean baseline PRL concentration at 180 min as well as the net integrated area under the hormone curve (nAUC) decreased only after the highest dose, while the baseline cortisol concentrations at 180 min as well as the corresponding nAUC values displayed a clear dose-dependent response. The findings indicated the serotonin-S2 receptors to be only partially involved in the basal secretion of ACTH in normal humans.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Low-renin hypertension and inherited mineralocorticoid diseases].

Liddle's syndrome, apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) and glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism (GRA) are inherited diseases characterized by hypertension and low plasma renin activity. Constitutive activation of distal renal epithelial sodium channel (Liddle's syndrome), defect in 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity (AME) and unequal crossing over, fusing regulatory sequences of 11 beta-hydroxylase gene to coding sequences of aldosterone synthase gene and forming a new chimeric gene (GRA), cause apparent or real mineralocorticoid excess. This diseases are often being unrecognized and classified as essential hypertension, especially in patients with normal serum potassium level. Family history of hypertension and characteristic serum and urine++ steroid profile direct us to diagnosis, and genetic analysis will confirm it.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Importance of the CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) test in the differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome].

In the group of 13 patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) CRH test was performed by sampling the blood from peripheral vein and in eight patients also after inferior petrosal sinus catheterization (IPSC) to resolve the disease etiology. In the group of patients with Cushing's disease (CD, n = 11), which was proven by surgery and adenoma immunohistochemistry, 10/11 had in CRH test the significant increase of cortisol and ACTH in the peripheral blood. Among two patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome one had the significant increase of both hormones in CRH test. After IPSC the ratio of ACTH in the petrosal sinus and in the peripheral vein was significant in 4/8 patients before, and in 6/8 after CRH administration. The intersinus gradient was significant in 3/8 patients before, and in 4/8 after CRH test. According to our results we can conclude that the determination of ACTH in the blood from peripheral veins after CRH administration is a very sensitive method for differential diagnosis of CS, while the results after IPSC were less sensitive in our conditions than those described in the literature.

ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of menopause and age on bone mineral density in women living in an urban environment in northern Croatia].

The results of measurement of bone mass in three areas (lumbar spine, femoral neck and radius) where osteoporotic fractures most commonly occur are presented. The sample of 103 women was divided into three groups: premenopausal, early menopausal (up to 5 years of menopause) and late menopausal (more than 5 years of menopause). Both menopausal groups were additionally divided in two subgroups regarding the previous fractures. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) was found between bone mineral density (lumbar spine, femoral neck) and bone mineral content (radius) among all the groups. No difference was established for bone mass between postmenopausal women with and without fractures (> 0.05) by using the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance. A significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) was found between bone mass in all three tested regions on one side vs age of women as well as the period of menopause on the other. These results indicate that bone mass is significantly decreased in postmenopausal women. Therefore, the authors recommend densitometry to be employed in all postmenopausal women.

Adult↗