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Biomedical subjects

I A Smotrova

Publications and source records attributed to I A Smotrova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Effect of laser irradiation of different intensities on the processes of healing of stomach ulcers].

Patients with stubborn peptic ulcers were exposed to copper vapor laser of various intensities with similar irradiation energy. The best therapeutic effect (more rapid ulcer healing) was achieved when ulcer bottom and edges were exposed to laser of higher intensity; the effect is explained by a higher stimulation of inflammation and a more rapid and clear-cut restructuring of connective-tissue stroma on ulcer bottom.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Isolation of Campylobacter pylori].

A total of 424 patients with gastroduodenal ulcers were examined. Spot biopsy specimens of gastroduodenal tissue were examined by histologic and microbiologic methods. Both methods equally frequently detected C. pylori (in 87 +/- 5 and in 85 +/- 6 percent of cases, respectively). C. pylori were more frequently detected during ulcer exacerbation than during remissions. Detection of the agent in smears of smashed mucosal biopsy specimens was found to be a rapid diagnostic method, permitting detection of C. pylori in 90.8 percent of cases. High detection rate of C. pylori in patients with peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis necessitates accurate treatment of endofibroscopes.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

[Apoptosis and regeneration of the gastric mucosa under the action of S-phase-specific agent, hydroxyurea].

The treatment of periodic injections of hydroxyurea to mice on the processes of regeneration in gastric mucosa was studied. In all experimental groups of animals dystrophic and atrophic changes of gastric mucosa could be observed. The phenomena of dystrophy were more pronounced. If the time of the experiment was not more than 4 days apoptosis bodies could be found only in the epithelium. The long-term duration of the experiment resulted in increased death of apoptosis bodies inside the glands, and development of atrophy of gastric mucosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Campylobacter pylori and early relapse of peptic ulcer].

A study is presented of Campylobacter infestation of the gastric mucosa and frequency of recurrence of duodenal ulcer in these patients. It was established that maintained infestation of the gastric mucosa is despite healing of the ulcer an unfavourable prognostic factor concerning immediate recurrences of duodenal ulcers. Early recurrences of the ulcer develop more frequently in patients with maintained infestation of the gastric mucosa with Campylobacter pylori.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Campylobacter pyloridis in duodenal ulcer].

A morphologic study of antral gastric and duodenal mucosa was carried out in patients with duodenal ulcers. Peptic ulcers were in the phase of exacerbation in 55 patients, and that of remission, in 10. Campylobacter pyloridis (CP) were detected in 83% of the cases by histologic investigation of gastric and duodenal mucosa biopsy specimens obtained from patients with duodenal ulcers. CP were more common and numerous during exacerbation rather than remission of peptic ulcers. Bacterial dissemination in gastric and duodenal mucosa was greater in patients with a long history of ulcers, which might possibly indicate pathogenetic involvement of CP in ulcerogenesis. CP are recovered more commonly in individuals with normal or reduced gastric juice acidity as compared to those showing hypersecretion. Although conventional antiulcer treatment reduces CP dissemination, the bacteria are not eliminated in most cases, which might be a cause of peptic ulcer relapses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Campylobacter pyloridis in peptic ulcer].

To study the role of Campylobacter pyloridis (CP) in the etiology of peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis, biopsies were obtained from gastric and duodenal mucosa of 54 ulcer patients and 8 healthy controls. In normal histological appearance and moderate gastritis without signs of exacerbation CP were not registered contrary to atrophic antral gastritis demonstrating CP irrespective of ulcer location. CP resided on the epithelium under the mucous layer between epitheliocytes. Contamination proved mild in 13%, moderate in 50% and profound in 80% of cases. CP were associated with peptic ulcer in 78% of relevant patients, with duodenal ulcer in 80% of those. The duodenal presentation was observed only in the regions of gastric metaplasia. CP did not occur in fundal mucosa, ulcer boundaries and intestinal metaplasia. There was no significant difference in CP amount at various ulcer sites. It is suggested that CP may play a role in the etiology and pathogenesis of peptic ulcer.

Campylobacter↗
PubMed1987

[Apoptosis and regeneration of enterocytes in experimental atrophy of the small intestine mucosa].

Apoptosis, one of the types of cell deaths, participates in regulating the size of regenerated tissue. Severe atrophy of small intestine mucosa in mice was caused by the administration of hydroxyurea solution. The degree of atrophy correlated with a lowering mitotic activity and DNA synthesis in the epithelium of crypts. Apoptotic bodies were situated above the basal membrane, in crypt lumen or were phagocytized by adjacent epithelial cells. The development of atrophy, as well as the regeneration of mucosa can be predicted by the relation between mitosis and apoptosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Dysplasia and early stomach cancer].

Biopsy and operative material was used to study the incidence and significance of different degrees of dysplasia in precancerous diseases and gastric cancer, its evolution and pathognomonic features, with various morphological methods. It is shown that mild and moderate dysplasia is indistinguishable from regenerative changes in gastritis, erosions and gastric ulcer, it can undergo involution or malignization. A marker of enhanced risk of gastric cancer is severe dysplasia which is often multicentric. Among pretumor diseases, most frequently severe dysplasia is found with adenoma and gastritis of the stump. Severe dysplasia in the absence of cancer in the gastrobiopsy material makes mandatory a dynamic study with biopsies taken every three months from different regions of the mucosa. The degree of dysplasia can be objectively tested by quantitating the DNA content, and its average content can be a criterion for differential diagnosis between severe dysplasia and early cancer. The histochemical, radioautographic, and electron microscopic features of dysplasia, testifying to impaired regeneration of te epithelium, cannot serve to differentiate between severe dysplasia and cancer or to assess the risk of transition of dysplasia into cancer. The main way of solving this problem is dynamic observation.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1984

[G1 and G2 chalones of the gastric mucosa].

A study was made of the action of human gastric mucosa G1 and G2 chalones on cellular regeneration of mouse gastric mucosa and of the duration of their maximal effect. Chalone fractions were obtained from the mucous membranes of 21 stomachs resected for peptic ulcer by the method of fractional ethanol precipitation. The data indicate that the maximal inhibitory action of G1 chalone occurs in 3, whereas that of chalone G2 in 6 hours. Some specificity of the action of chalones was discovered depending on the part of the gastric mucosa from which they were obtained.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[State of regenerative processes in the mucosa of the small intestine in celiac disease in adults (gluten enteropathy)].

Biopsies of the small intestine mucosa were studied in 60 patients among which celiac disease was diagnosed in 35 after clinico-morphological examinations and chronic enteritis in 25. Apart from histological and histochemical methods, autoradiography of biopsies with 3H-thymidine was used. The study showed that atrophy of the small intestine mucosa in celiac disease in adults was of hyperregeneratory nature which was manifested by deepening of the crypts and increased number of DNA-synthesizing enterocytes. Due to enhanced proliferation incompletely differentiated cells appear on the villae which are incapable of completely performing the functions of membrane digestion and absorption. These enterocytes are histochemically similar with crypt epithelium and, like the latter, are more stable to autolysis. Functionally, the presence on the villae of incompletely differentiated epithelium is more significant than villi atrophy. Treatment with aglutenic diet eliminates the syndrome of disturbed absorption despite persisting atrophy. The processes of cell renewal become normalized as proved by the appearance of high epithelium on the villae and decreased label index.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Dynamics of DNA synthesis in the gastric mucosa in ulcer].

Anomalous DNA synthesis was seen in the stomach mucosa of mice with experimental stomach ulcer during different phases of the ulcerous process, using histoautoradiography. At the early stage of ulcer formation a decrease in the label index (LI) is seen. Formation of the ulcer, morphologically similar to the shronic one, is accompanied by growth of the number of DNA-synthesizing cells in its margins. Over a period of ulcer healing proliferative activity of epithelium decreases approximately to an initial level. Histoautoradiographic studies of bioptates of the stomach mucosa obtained under spot gastroscopy in patients suffering from the ulcerous disease allowed to reveal intensifying proliferative activity of epithelium in the ulcer margins. Similar changes in LI were found in gastritis, followed by the gland affection, and in atrophic gastritis.

Adult↗