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Biomedical subjects

I A Memon

Publications and source records attributed to I A Memon.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Drug sensitivity pattern of cholera in children.

OBJECTIVE: To study the drug sensitivity pattern of cholera in children. SETTING: DTU of Civil Hospital, Karachi. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All children age 2 months to 15 years attending Diarrhoea Treatment Unit (DTU) with acute onset of diarrhoea and dehydration were screened for cholera. Stool samples were collected in alkaline peptone and those positive for cholera had their antibiotic sensitivity determined. RESULTS: Of 846 stool specimens, 161 were positive for V. Cholera. All were sensitive to third generation cephalosporins and quinolones, 98-100% to nalidixic acid, 82-86% to chloramphenicol and 67-75% to doxycycline and all were resistant to cotrimaxazole. CONCLUSION: Cholera can be treated with nalidixic acid or chloramphenical in young children while doxycycline for older children. Cotrimoxazole is not effective. Efforts should be done for identification and surveillance of cholera cases, along with change of sensitivity pattern of Vibrio cholera.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Chloroquine resistant malaria in children.

Malaria remains a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. The changing susceptibility of Malaria parasites to drugs means that it is no longer possible to make global generalization about its chemotherapy. This study was conducted in District Hospital, Mirpurkhas, Sindh. Over sixteen months period four hundred and six patients had slide documented malarial parasites. Sixty-five percent had plasmodium falciparum, 33% plasmodium vivax and 2% had both. Approximately, 81% responded to chloroquine while 19% were non-responders. Chloroquine non-responders were treated with halofantrine or sulfadoxine--pyrimethamine combination. P. falciparum being the dominant species and its emergence of resistance to Chloroquine, in life threatening and serious forms of malaria should be treated with parenteral quinine. Antimalarials other than Chloroquine should be reserved for non-responders. Therefore, rational use of drugs is essential.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Cefixime: an oral option for the treatment of multidrug-resistant enteric fever in children.

BACKGROUND: Enteric fever is a serious public health problem in Pakistan, where multidrug-resistant salmonellosis causes enteric fever with increased morbidity and mortality. Costly parenteral therapy and lack of an established safety profile for the use of quinolones in children necessitate evaluation of an oral treatment option. This study is meant to assess the efficacy, safety, and cost effectiveness of an oral third-generation cephalosporin (cefixime) in the treatment of multidrug-resistant enteric fever. METHODS: Between November 1993 and October 1994, 85 patients, 15 years of age or less, with culture-proven enteric fever were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A (n = 41) received cefixime at a dosage of 10 mg/kg to 12 mg/kg per day in two divided doses. Group B (n = 44) received chloramphenicol at a dosage of 100 mg/kg daily in four divided doses. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. RESULTS: In group A, 95% (39/41) of the patients receiving cefixime responded favorably, whereas in group B, 30% (14/45) responded to chloramphenicol. The 31 patients not cured in group B were then successfully treated with cefixime. Overall, cefixime was well tolerated. Subsequent antibiogram data showed an overall multidrug-resistance rate of 78% (66/85). CONCLUSIONS: Cefixime is a safe, effective, and cheaper oral option for the treatment of multidrug-resistant enteric fever. Further studies are needed, however, to validate this observation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Anterolateral decompression for traumatic spinal cord compression.

Nine patients with traumatic fractures of dorsolumbar spine leading to pain and neurological deficit are presented. All had radiological evidence of spinal cord or quada equina compression, with either monoparesis, paraparesis or sphincter dysfunction alone. All patients underwent anterolateral decompression through a transpleural or retroperitoneal approach. Seven patients had bone grafting and spinal stabilization with Webb-Morley system. Two patients had decompression only. The results were favourable. This approach is safe and effective and allows early mobilization and functional recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Group B streptococcal osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. Its occurrence in infants less than 2 months old.

Nine infants less than 2 months of age with group B streptococcal (GBS) osteomyelitis or septic arthritis, or both, were seen from January 1975 through January 1978. The infants had local joint signs, usually in the absence of systemic signs. The bones and joints involved were equally distributed between proximal humerus and proximal and distal femur. An infant had involvement of the talus. Treatment consisted of two to three weeks of parenteral antibiotics, arthrotomy in infants with arthritis, and bone decompression in infants with osteomyelitis. Clinical follow-up showed normal growth and function of the affected joint. Of the organisms, five were typed: four were type III and one was type Ib. Group B streptococcal osteomyelitis and/or septic arthritis was the second most common late-onset GSB infection, being surpassed only by meningitis.

Arthritis, Infectious↗