Biomedical subjects

Han Yong Choi

Publications and source records attributed to Han Yong Choi.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Assessment of cystic renal masses based on Bosniak classification: comparison of CT and contrast-enhanced US.

OBJECTIVES: To compare retrospectively the imaging features of computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) imaging for the assessment of cystic renal masses using the Bosniak classification system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The CT and CEUS images of 31 pathologically confirmed cystic renal masses in 31 patients were retrospectively analyzed for septa numbers, wall and/or septa thickness, enhancement degree, and for the presence of a solid component by consensus between two radiologists using the Bosniak classification. Diagnostic accuracies of CT and CEUS for malignant cystic tumor were calculated and compared using McNemar test. RESULTS: Diagnostic accuracies of CT and CEUS for malignant renal tumor were 74% and 90%, respectively, but there were not statistically different (P>0.05). CEUS and CT images showed same Bosniak classification in 23 (74%) lesions and there were differences in 8 (26%) lesions, all of which were upgraded by CEUS; one lesion from I to IV, two lesions from II to IV, two lesions from IIF to III, and three lesions from III to IV. CEUS images depicted more septa in 10 (32%) lesions, more thickened wall and/or septa in 4 (13%) lesions, and stronger enhancement in 19 (61%) lesions. Moreover, for six lesions, solid component was detected by CEUS but not by CT. CONCLUSION: CEUS might better visualize septa number, septa and/or wall thickness, solid component and the enhancement of some renal cystic masses than CT, resulting in upgrade of Bosniak classification and affecting their treatment plan.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Prostate cancer in Korean men exhibits poor differentiation and is adversely related to prognosis after radical prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical and pathologic characteristics of prostate cancer in Korean men to determine how ethnic differences affect clinical outcome. METHODS: The clinical and pathologic data of 604 Korean men who underwent radical prostatectomy from 1994 to 2003 were reviewed. Biochemical failure was defined as a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of 0.2 ng/mL or greater on two consecutive occasions after having achieved an undetectable PSA level. Patient distribution with respect to the clinical and pathologic parameters and biochemical failure rates were compared with those of contemporary Western series. RESULTS: The mean preoperative PSA level was 9.9 ng/mL (range 0.4 to 38.8) and the median biopsy Gleason score was 7. The Gleason score was 7 in 186 patients (30.8%) and greater than 7 in 169 (28.0%). Gleason scores stratified with respect to clinical stage and PSA range revealed the proportion of patients with high Gleason scores (7 or greater) to be more than 50% of each subgroup throughout the clinical stages and PSA ranges. At a median follow-up of 57.9 months (range 22 to 131), biochemical failure occurred in 24.2% of all patients and in 14.3% of those with an initial serum PSA level of 10.0 ng/mL or lower. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, the Gleason score showed the strongest statistical significance for biochemical failure (P = 0.001, hazard ratio 1.376, 95% confidence interval 1.056 to 1.792) for patients with a serum PSA level of 10.0 ng/mL or lower. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of prostate cancers arising in Korean men exhibit poor differentiation, regardless of the initial serum PSA level or clinical stage at presentation, and adversely affect prognosis, causing a greater rate of PSA failure.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Ureteral cancer associated with dermatomyositis.

Dermatomyositis is a rare inflammatory myopathy that has characteristic cutaneous lesions. Although many malignancies are associated with dermatomyositis, urogenital malignancies have rarely been reported to be associated with dermatomyositis. We report here on the first case of ureteral cancer associated with dermatomyositis. A 42-year-old man presented to us with a skin rash. A clinical diagnosis of dermatomyositis was made due to the skin lesions, muscle weakness, arthralgia, the increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the increased creatine kinase level. The patient revealed microscopic hematuria and abnormal urine cytology during the investigation for the underlying malignancy. Retrograde pyelography demonstrated a suspicious lesion in the right mid-ureter, and the ureteroscopic biopsy revealed the urothelial carcinoma. Although an operation was recommended, the patient died of pneumonia associated with his interstitial lung disease, which is one of the poor prognostic indicators of dermatomyositis.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) scales in men with prostate cancer: reliability and validity of the Korean version.

The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) questionnaire is a relevant, worldwide tool used for assessing the health-related quality of life in men with prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to translate the FACT-P into Korean, to assess its reliability and validity, and to test its discriminative ability between the cancer patients and normal controls. The Korean version was developed via the FACT multilingual translation project. The translated questionnaire was self-administered to 70 prostate cancer patients and 70 age-matched controls. In evaluating its psychometric properties for cancer patients, internal consistency and test-retest reliability were used. Validity was estimated by using inter-subscale correlations and discriminant validity between cancer patients and controls. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the individual subscales were 0.7 or greater (range 0.73 to 0.89), except for emotional well-being (0.61). The test-retest reliability showed high correlations (intraclass coefficients ranged from 0.72 to 0.93). Inter-subscale correlations demonstrated each subscale was unrelated, but moderate correlation was observed between social/family well-being and functional well-being subscales (r=0.56). The FACT-P scale could discriminate reliably between the cancer patients and controls in most subscales. In conclusion, the Korean version of the FACT-P is a reliable and valid questionnaire in patients with prostate cancer.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Bisacodyl rectal preparation can decrease infectious complications of transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.

OBJECTIVES: To assess whether rectal preparation before transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy could decrease the rate of infectious complications and to find any possible risk factors affecting the development of complications. METHODS: This retrospective study included 879 cases of TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. All patients received antibiotic prophylaxis with levofloxacin or cefixime orally before biopsy and continually for 7 days after. A total of 456 patients received bisacodyl rectal preparation the night before or on the morning of the biopsy, and 423 did not. Major complications were defined as serious side effects requiring additional treatment. Infectious complications were classified as sepsis, fever (greater than 38 degrees C) without sepsis, and other clinical infection. We evaluated whether rectal preparation before biopsy could decrease infectious complications. Other potential risk factors were also investigated. RESULTS: Major complications developed in 47 cases (5.3%), including 1 vasovagal episode, 10 cases of urinary retention, and 46 infectious complications, of which 19 were sepsis and 11 fever without sepsis. Among the potential risk factors, the number of biopsy cores and use of a rectal preparation were statistically significant risk factors influencing the development of infectious complications in multiple logistic regression analysis (P = 0.038 and P = 0.000, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The number of biopsy cores and prebiopsy rectal preparation use were statistically significant risk factors for infectious complications after prostate biopsy in our study. Thus, we recommend a rectal preparation before prostate biopsy to minimize the risk of infectious complications.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2002

Combined effect of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genotypes on bladder cancer risk.

To evaluate the association between genetic polymorphism of GSTM1, GSTT1 and development of bladder cancer, a hospital-based case-control study was conducted in South Korea. The study population consisted of 232 histologically confirmed male bladder cancer cases and 165 male controls enrolled from urology departments with no previous history of cancer or systemic diseases in Seoul during 1997-1999. The GSTM1 null genotype was significantly associated with bladder cancer (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0-2.4), whereas the association observed for GSTT1 null genotype did not reach statistical significance (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 0.9-2.0). There was a statistically significant multiple interaction between GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotype for risk of bladder cancer (P=0.04); the risk associated with the concurrent lack of both of the genes (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2-4.3) was greater than the product of risk in men with GSTM1 null/GSTT1 present (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 0.7-2.5) or GSTM1 present/GSTT1 null (OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.6-2.2) genotype combinations.

Aged↗