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Biomedical subjects

H Ziegler

Publications and source records attributed to H Ziegler.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Magnitude and time trends of the life-time risk of developing cancer in Saarland, Germany.

The probability of developing cancer within defined age-intervals or during life-time was assessed for the population of Saarland, Germany in 1970-1972 and 1980-1985 based on life-tables and age-specific cancer incidence rates. As a result of increasing life expectancy and, for some forms of cancer, increasing age-specific incidence rates, the probability at birth of eventually developing a malignant neoplasm (ICD-9 140-208) increased from 24.12% in 1970-1972 to 32.35% in 1980-1985 in men, and from 24.76 to 29.72%, respectively, in women. Comparable calculations are presented and discussed for all of the most common malignancies in women and men. The relation to common measures of descriptive epidemiology, mainly the cumulative rate and the cumulative risk, is numerically illustrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Progress in the early detection of cervix cancer from the viewpoint of the Saarland cancer register].

The efficacy of the nationwide screening programme for cervical cancer in the Federal Republic of Germany, which has been in effect since 1971, has never been checked by means of controlled epidemiological studies. Therefore routinely collected mortality and morbidity data are up to now the only indicators of potential progress in early detection. Mortality statistics of cervical cancer are of restricted value due to lack of specificity regarding the cause of death on death certificates. Data of the population based cancer registry of Saarland are used to investigate trends in terms of age, stage and birth cohort-specific detection rates of cervical cancer and its preinvasive precursors. There was a substantial decrease in incidence rates of invasive cervical cancer, which was most pronounced for advanced tumour stages and young and middle-age groups and which is consistent with comparable results in other countries following the introduction of screening programmes. However, a selection effect of the screening programme suggested by a decrease in survival rates of women with invasive cervical cancer in the 1980ies, must also be taken into account.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Incidence of secondary tumors following cervical neoplasia in Saarland 1968-1987].

In 4468 patients diagnosed with invasive cancer or carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix in Saarland/W-Germany in 1968-1987, 149 secondary cancers were observed compared to 150.6 which would have been expected had the same risk prevailed as in the general population (SMR = 0.99, 95% confidence interval 0.84-1.17). There were, however, substantial differences between the relative risks for specific cancer sites. For example, the risk of breast cancer was clearly lower than in the general population (SMR = 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.43-0.88), while the risk of cancer of the urinary bladder was significantly increased (SMR = 2.88, 95% confidence interval 1.53-4.93). The results are consistent with findings from other countries, with current knowledge of risk factor profiles of different malignancies and with hypotheses on possible side effects of radiotherapy.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1990

[Incidence and prognosis of breast cancer in young women in relation to changes in the risk factor profile].

Trends in breast cancer incidence in women aged 25-44 years are assessed in detail based on data from the population-based cancer registry of Saarland-Germany. Compared to 1968-72, from 1978-82 and 1983-87, a highly significant increase in age-standardised incidence by more than 30% was observed. The increase in incidence was most pronounced among women of 25-29 years of age (relative incidence rate 1978-87, compared to 1968-77: 2.03, 95% confidence interval: 1.11-3.71). The role of changes in prevalence of known and suspected risk factors, mainly the age at the onset of menarche, the age at first birth, parity and early and long-term use of oral contraceptives in adolescence, which may partly explain the observed trends, are discussed. The results have important public health implications, such as the need for extended cancer surveillance and epidemiologic research in the Federal Republic of Germany, and offer a quantitative basis for the development and implementation of future early detection programmes as well as the need for medical care facilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The common occurrence of furan fatty acids in plants.

The observation that F-acids (1) occur in rat chow initiated a search for F-acids in human diet. We observed that the amount of F-acids with a pentyl side chain in alpha-position taken up with a one-day diet correlates well with the amount of excreted degradation products, the pentyl urofuran acids (2), (3) and (4). Therefore it can be concluded that F-acids with a pentyl side chain are not produced in the human body but are introduced through the diet. The origin of F-acids carrying an alpha-propyl side chain is less clear. The amount of propyl-urofuran acids (2) and (3) excreted in urine was found in one case out of three to be five times higher than the amount of F-acids carrying a propyl group in alpha-position taken up by the diet. Therefore, it can presently not be excluded that a portion of the propyl F-acids is produced by the body. F-acids found in human food are mainly introduced into the body by vegetables and fruits. F-acids were found also in birch leaves in considerable amounts, as well as in grasses, dandelion and clover leaves. Thus, we can conclude that F-acids are common constituents of plants.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1989

[Descriptive epidemiology and prognosis of malignant gynecologic tumors].

Based on data from the Saarland (W. Germany) Cancer Registry, epidemiology and prognosis of gynaecological malignancies is presented for the period 1971-1985. Breast cancer is the most frequent gynaecological tumour followed by tumours of the uterus (cervix + corpus). This is in accordance with worldwide observations. The age distribution of all analysed tumour localisations follows approximately a normal distribution with a maximum between 60 and 65 years of age. Tumours of the breast, cervix and corpus have almost the same prognosis (5-year-survival-rate greater than 60%); the prognosis of ovarian cancer is distinctly poorer. A clear decrease in the incidence is observed only for cervical cancer. The indications are that the proportion of aged patients is continually rising. The mortality, on the other hand, does not increase to the same extent, which indicates a progressive success of therapy of gynaecological malignancies. Since the Saarland Cancer Registry is the only population-based unit functioning for a sufficiently long period, the results represent a model of the situation in the Federal Republic of Germany.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Model calculations of the effect of demographic changes on the incidence of cancer in Saarland].

Resulting from the population structure and current fertility and mortality rates, a rapid aging of the West German society is to be expected. The impact of these demographic changes on numbers of cancer cases and incidence rates is quantitatively assessed for the Saarland, which is the only state with reliable population-based cancer registration in the FRG. Despite a projected decrease in population size during the next decades, numbers of incident cases are expected to rise substantially in males and to remain almost constant in females for all of the most common forms of cancer. The projected changes have model character for other parts of the FRG.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1989

[The value of humoral immune phenomena in children and adolescents with circumscribed scleroderma].

Sera taken from 35 children and teen-agers with different clinic variants of the circumscribed scleroderma were investigated for the presence of FANA, anti-DNA-, anti-DNP-, anti-ENA-(extractable nuclear antigens)-, and anti-Ro/SSA-antibodies. In 85.7% of the patients, humoral immune phenomena were ascertainable. Whereas FANA above all in patients with clinically rapidly progredient running linear form (71%) were present, anti-dsDNA- and anti-DNP-antibodies may be worth as hint upon a visceral manifestation. Therefore, they may be valid as leading antibodies for a subset of the circumscribed scleroderma, which is being designated by extracutaneous participation and the skin mostly exhibit a linear variant. The frequency of the evidence of the characteristic immune phenomena in patients with circumscribed scleroderma, which are typically in systemic lupus erythematosus, is considered as hint to the immune pathogenesis of the disease. The functional defects of the kidneys, catched with the isotope-clearance refer to a possible systemic character of the disease-process. Humoral immune phenomena are suitable for differentiation of the cutaneous and extracutaneous progress forms, in which high titer of FANA with homogeneous pattern of fluorescence, anti-dsDNA- and anti-DNP-antibodies have a special importance. Compared to it anti-ssDNA-antibodies and anti-Ro/SSA-antibodies characterize the high degree of activity of cutaneous and extracutaneous progress forms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Initial experiences with thrombolysis in Swiss hospitals. Synopsis of a round-table discussion].

Thrombolytic therapy of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has resulted in significant reduction of mortality, limitation of infarct size and preservation of left ventricular function. Among the panelists there was consensus with respect to the following recommendations for efficient thrombolytic therapy of AMI: the prehospital phase should be considerably shortened, especially by reducing patient delay. This can be achieved by rendering patients aware of symptoms of AMI and the need for immediate hospitalization on their occurrence. After contraindications have been ruled out, intravenous thrombolysis should be started in every case where the time elapsed since the onset of pain is not greater than 3 hours. In patients with large infarctions intravenous thrombolysis is indicated up to 6 hours after onset of pain. Accompanying medication should include heparinization and administration of aspirin. When reperfusion is achieved the patient should be monitored for recurrence of ischemia. Regardless of symptoms recurrence of ischemia requires immediate coronary arteriography with a view to revascularization by PTCA or bypass surgery. Patients without recurrence of spontaneous ischemia should undergo ergometric stress testing before leaving the hospital. Exercise-induced angina or ST segment depression are strong indications for coronary arteriography.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Intravenous streptokinase therapy in acute myocardial infarct in a district hospital].

As part of the international multicentre ISIS-2 study, 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction have been randomized for treatment with streptokinase in this district hospital since summer 1986. Twelve received active streptokinase. The treatment has proved practicable and free of serious problems, even in a smaller-size hospital, provided the patients are carefully selected.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[The public health political status of alcohol drinking in West Germany].

During the last years the per-capita-consumption of pure alcohol in the Federal Republic of Germany is slightly decreasing. In 1986 every person consumed an average of 11.5 litres of pure alcohol (146.4 litres of beer, 23.3 litres of wine and 6.1 litres of spirits). The amount of the alcohol addicts must be estimated at about 1.5 to 1.8 million people. Among the alcohol-abusers and alcohol-addicts the rate of mortality, caused by accidents, physical diseases and suicides is many times higher than among the non-drinking or rarely drinking population. Alcoholism liver-cirrhosis and pancreatitis are responsible for about 20.000 deaths per annum and for the loss of 400.000 years of life.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1987

Rôle of surfactant in peripheral transport mechanisms.

It has been demonstrated that compression and expansion of a monomolecular film lead to a unidirectional transport of particles which are present on this film. Using the same model we could demonstrate that Broncho-Alveolar Lavage fluids from healthy rats also produce a transport of particles in the direction of the compression phase and that lavage fluids from SO2 exposed rats show impaired and even reversed transport properties. In parallel there is a change of the phospholipid pattern in lavage fluid from SO2 exposed animals. The relevance of these observations is discussed for physiological and pathophysiological situations in the lung periphery.

Animals↗