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Biomedical subjects

H Zhao

Publications and source records attributed to H Zhao.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Effects of diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb) during and post-CPR in swine.

The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb) can produce improved resuscitation during cardiac arrest. DCLHb, a derivative of human hemoglobin, has previously been demonstrated to produce a vasopressor response that is associated with increased blood flow to vital organs. In addition, it is an oxygen carrier. These effects may be beneficial to extreme low flow states, such as that during cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Experimental cardiac arrest and CPR were carried out in 32 anesthetized immature pigs. In each animal, ventricular fibrillation was induced for 5 min, followed by 10 min of standard CPR with a pneumatic device and room air ventilation. High (15 ml/kg) and low (5 ml/kg) doses of DCLHb or equivalent volume of normal saline were infused at the beginning of CPR in a random and blind manner. Cardiac output, organ blood flow, aortic pressure, coronary perfusion pressure, blood gases, and lactate concentrations were obtained before and during CPR. Following the 10-min CPR, the animals were defibrillated and the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) determined. DCLHb treatment achieved 75% ROSC compared with 25% in the saline group (p < 0.05). In addition, a better (p < 0.05) myocardial O(2) delivery, venous blood O(2) content, and myocardial and cerebral perfusion pressure were observed in the DCLHb group. DCLHb treatment during cardiac arrest and CPR significantly improves ROSC. This is most likely related to its improvement in coronary perfusion and myocardial oxygen delivery.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

The angiogenesis inhibitor tnp-470 effectively inhibits human neuroblastoma xenograft growth, especially in the setting of subclinical disease.

Tumor vascularity is highly correlated with disease outcome in neuroblastoma. Thus, novel therapeutics that target the vascular endothelium are candidates for incorporation into clinical trials. We therefore examined the effect of TNP-470 on human neuroblastoma growth in mouse models reflecting both clinically evident and minimal disease. Mice were inoculated s.c. or by tail vein injection with 10(7) human neuroblastoma-derived CHP-134 cells and treated with TNP-470 (100 mg/kg/dose s.c. three times a week or by continuous infusion) or saline. Treatment was given as a single agent in established xenografts, 10 days after 450 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide, or 12 h after tumor inoculation. Tumor growth rate was markedly inhibited in mice receiving TNP-470 administered alone both s.c. and by continuous infusion with a treatment to control ratio (T:C) at day 16 of 0.3 (P < 0.001) and a T:C at day 30 of 0.4 (P = 0.029) for each dosing method, respectively. TNP-470 also significantly inhibited tumor growth when administered following cyclophosphamide (T:C at day 30 = 0.2, P < 0.001) and inhibited disease establishment when given shortly after xenograft inoculation (T:C at day 30 = 0.1, P < 0.001) or tail vein injection. TNP-470 was shown to directly inhibit angiogenesis by Matrigel assay (P =.010) and to increase the apoptotic index in treated tumors. These data show that TNP-470 is a potent inhibitor of human neuroblastoma growth rate and tumorigenicity. We speculate that TNP-470 may be a useful adjuvant therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma patients, particularly when used in settings of minimal disease status.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMed2001

[Experimental study of preventive effect of xin-kang oral liquid on acute viral myocarditis in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To study the preventive effect of Xin-Kang oral liquid on acute Coxsackie B3 viral myocarditis in mice. METHODS: The mice were infected Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3m) through abdominal cavity after they were fed with the Xin-Kang oral liquid for 2d, and the uses of the drug continued to the 20th day. Histopathological changes of the myocardial cells were observed under microscope and measured by morphometric quantification. RESULTS: The detection rate of pathological change of grade III of heart surface in Xin-Kang oral liquid groups were lower than in virus control group, the difference between Xin-Kang medium dose group and virus control group being specially significant (P < 0.01), and the detection rate of severe myocardial damage was much lower. The average area of myocardial damage and area of myocardial damage/area of the whole heart in Xin-Kang oral liquid groups were markedly lower than those in virus control at the 5th day and the 20th day. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the preventive effect of Xin-Kang oral liquid on acute Coxsackie B3 viral myocarditis is similar to that of interferon.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Detection of anti-HAV IgM and anti-HEV IgM in patients with sporadic acute hepatitis in Beijing between 1995-2000].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the age ranges, liver function lesion and outcomes of sporadic acute hepatitis A and E in Beijing. METHODS: Enzyme immunoassay(EIA) was used for detection of anti-HAV and anti-HEV immunoglobulin M(IgM). Samples were collected from the patients with sporadic acute viral hepatitis in Beijing between 1995-2000. RESULTS: The total rate of positive for anti-HAV and anti-HEV was 55.2% (112) in 203 patients with acute hepatitis, 22.2% (45) and 33% (67) were positive separately for anti-HAV and anti-HEV in 112 patients. The duration of anti-HEV IgM was 45-60 days and that of anti-HAV IgM was at least 2-3 months. The patients with acute hepatitis A and hepatitis E all experienced jaundice, a rising of liver enzyme, but not developed to chronic hepatitis or to death. CONCLUSION: Acute hepatitis A as well as acute hepatitis E takes an important place in sporadic enterically transmitted hepatitis in Beijing.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Methylation of the E-cadherin gene promoter correlates with progression of prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: We studied the methylation status of E-cadherin gene promoter in prostate cancer and its relationship with E-cadherin inactivation in prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven human prostate cell lines and 35 microdissected prostate cancer specimens were analyzed for E-cadherin promoter methylation using the bisulfite genome sequencing technique. E-cadherin messenger (m)RNA expression and protein expression were also studied in prostate cell lines by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and in prostate cancer specimens by immunostaining, respectively. RESULTS: The overall methylation of E-cadherin promoter was evident in 14 of 20 grades III to V (70%) and in 5 of 15 grades I to II (33%) prostate cancer samples. It correlated with absent or reduced E-cadherin immunostaining. Methylation in low grade tumors was present mainly in the exon region, whereas in high grade tumors methylation was also present in the promoter region. Methylation was noted in 2 of 6 prostate cancer cell lines (33%) and correlated well with decreased E-cadherin mRNA in these cell lines. Treatment with the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine restored E-cadherin mRNA levels in the E-cadherin negative prostate cancer cell lines TSUPr1 and DuPro. CONCLUSIONS: Methylation of the E-cadherin gene is common in prostate cancer and the severity of E-cadherin methylation correlates with tumor progression. This study implies that the invasion and metastasis suppressor function of E-cadherin may often be compromised in human prostate cancer by epigenetic rather than by mutational events.

Cadherins↗
PubMed2001

MYC messenger RNA expression predicts survival outcome in childhood primitive neuroectodermal tumor/medulloblastoma.

PURPOSE AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cerebellar primitive neuroectodermal tumors/medulloblastomas (PNET/MB) are the most common malignant brain tumors in childhood. To identify PNET/MB biological prognostic factors that define a patient group with a sufficiently good prognosis to permit a reduction in treatment intensity, we determined the expression levels of MYC mRNA in fresh frozen tumor samples from 26 PNET/MB patients using semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR. RESULTS: MYC mRNA expression levels in primary PNET/MB showed a wide range with a 22-fold difference between the highest and lowest values and did not correlate with MYC gene amplification. MYC mRNA expression was an independent significant prognostic factor for progression-free survival outcome and was more predictive than standard clinical factors. The combination of low MYC mRNA expression and high TrkC mRNA expression identified a good outcome group of PNET/MB patients (n = 7) with 100% progression-free survival after a median follow-up time of 55 months (range, 15-91 months). Three of these seven good outcome patients survived without radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Low MYC mRNA expression is a powerful independent predictor of favorable clinical outcome in PNET/MB. Assessment of MYC mRNA levels is feasible and may be incorporated in prospective PNET/MB clinical trials to aid in treatment planning for patients with PNET/MB on confirmation of our results in larger studies.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
PubMed2001

Isolation and characterization of a Xenopus gene (XMLP) encoding a MARCKS-like protein.

We have identified a cDNA coding for a Xenopus MARCKS-like protein (XMLP) from a cDNA library prepared from activin-treated ectoderm. Using whole-mount in situ hybridization and RT-PCR, we found XMLP maternal transcripts during the cleavage stages. After MBT, the signals were restricted to the neural plate. Subsequently XMLP was expressed predominantly in the brain, somites and pronephros. Ectopic expression of XMLP resulted in eye and axis defects and in a change of the expression pattern of Krox 20, a neural marker for rhombomeres 3 and 5. Injected XMLP caused apoptosis. It was characterized by loss of intercellular adhesion contacts, transient plasma membrane ruffling at gastrula, and epithelial disruption attailbud stage. Overexpression of mutant XMLPs showed that this phenotype was correlated with its putative PSD domain and glycine at position 2. The embryos injected with a morpholino oligo complementaryto XMLPmRNA showed malformations of the anterior axis and eye defects. Extirpation experiments indicated that the phenotypes might be correlated with disturbed morphorgenetic movements rather than an inhibition of induction process. Overexpression of XCYP26 resulted in a shift of the expression pattern of XMLP. In the early tailbud stage (stage 20) the signal stripe in the XCYP26 injected half of the embryo got diffuse or even disappeared. This observation suggests that retinoic acid plays an important role in the regulation of XMLP. Our results suggest that XMLP might participate in pattern formation of the embryonic axis and the central nervous system.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Diagnosis and treatment of bronchial rupture from blunt thoracic trauma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnosis and management of bronchial rutpture from blunt thoracic trauma. METHODS: A group of 31 patients with bronchial rupture was involved. Chest roentgenography, tomography and bronchoscopy were performed on all patients. The surgical technique and complications were described. RESULTS: Diagnosis was confirmed by tomography and bronchoscopy in all the patients. End to end anastomosis was used in 26 patients. Four patients were operated with total pneumonectomy. One patient was repaired with an intercostal muscle and rib flap with blood supply. Of the 31 patients, one died of adult respiratory distress syndrome after operation. Most patients had excellent surgical outcomes. 81% (25/31) of the bronchial rupture were delayed in diagnosis and treatment. The classic symptoms and signs of bronchial rupture included subcutaneous emphysema, dyspnea and an intermediate coma interval. The roentgenogram showed mediastinal emphysema, pneumothorax, "drop lung" sign and marked radiodensity of hilum widened mediastinum. CONCLUSION: Bronchoscopy is a useful and accurate method to diagnose and treat the bronchial rupture, with which surgeons can easily locate the rupture site during surgery. Surgical treatment could restore pulmonary function in most patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[A study on growth of Rhizobium leguminosarum in air pressure oscillating, solid-state fermenter].

Rhizobium leguminosarum L003, a kind of biofertilizers, was cultured in a periodic air pressure oscillating, solid-state fermenter by using straw of wheat as an inert solid support. Effects of air pressure oscillation amplitude, frequency on the viable cells of R. leguminosarum L003 and oxygen transfer rate were investigated. It was found that enhanced oxygen transfer and biochemical reaction occurred in this system. Under the optimized conditions, about a 3-fold increase of the viable cells was obtained in this system compared with that in a static tray fermenter. The overall oxygen transfer rate reached 487.01 mmol/(kg.h) in this system in case of 0.35 MPa, t2 = 0.5 min against 37.46 mmol/(kg.h) in static tray fermenter.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed2001

Early treatment of wounds polluted by sea water.

During construction or training at sea, wounds are commonly seen and irresistibly polluted by sea water. An early and proper treatment of wounds polluted by sea water is very important for wound healing and function recovery of extremities. Some wounds even result in vegetation. In this study, we have reported the treatment results of 132 cases of wounds polluted by sea water admitted from 1985 to 1999.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2001

[The value of color Doppler imaging ultrasound in diagnosis of orbital diseases].

OBJECTIVE: To study the useful value of color Doppler imaging (CDI) ultrasound in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of orbital diseases. METHODS: By using the technique of CDI ultrasound, 288 cases with orbital diseases were examined to show color Doppler flow imaging and pulsed wave Doppler (PWD) spectrum. RESULTS: Among 288 cases of the orbital diseases, 38 cases of malignant tumors and 23 cases inflammatory pseudotumors showed the signals of blood flow. From CDI ultrasound examination, there were 18 in 23 cases with benign mixed tumors of the lacrimal gland showing artery blood flow and 22 in 28 cases with neurilemoma showing signals of blood flow. No blood flow was obtained in 62 among 74 cases with cavernous hemangioma, in 16 cases of dermoid cysts or epidermoid cysts and 1 case of lipoma. From CDI, rich blood flow was seen in 4 and scarce in 3 cases with meningioma, and in 6 cases of optic nerve gliomas, there were 5 cases without any blood flow signals. Other 2 cases with benign hemangioendothelioma, 2 hemangiopericytoma and 1 neurofibroma showed rich or scarce blood flow signals. Among 29 cases of venous hemangiomas, 16 cases showed venous flow. Three cases with arteriovenous aneurysms showed artery blood flow in the CDI. Fifteen cases with varicosis exhibited a dynamic blood flow changes in the CDI. Six cases with infantile hemangioma, the decreased blood supply was shown in the CDI after treatment. In the thirteen cases with carotid artery cavernous sinus fistula, including 8 cases of internal carotid artery cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) and 5 dural cavernous sinus fistula (DCF), dilated superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) with arterialized blood flow was seen. In the mean time, PWD showed that the SOV of CCF had a higher velocity and a higher flow volume than that of DCF, while its resistance index was lower than that of the DCF. In 1 case with thrombophlebitis, its SOV showed dilated superior ophthalmic vein without blood flow. CONCLUSIONS: CDI can provide the information of color blood flow in orbital diseases, especially the tumors with rich vascular tissue and orbital vascular diseases. It is important in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the orbital diseases in combination with B-mode ultrasound, CT or MRI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Detection of anti-HAV, anti-HBV, anti-HCV and anti-HEV antibodies in the patients with sporadic acute hepatitis in Beijing during 1995-2000].

BACKGROUND: To investigate distribution of acute hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and hepatitis E in Beijing area. METHODS: Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was used for detection of anti-HAV immunoglobulin M (IgM), HBsAg/anti-HBc IgM, anti HCV IgM/IgG and anti-HEV IgM/IgG. The samples were collected from the patients with sporadic hepatitis in Beijing city between 1995 and 2000. RESULTS: The total positive rate of IgM antibodies to the four hepatitis-viruses was 72.4% (155) among 214 patients with sporadic acute hepatitis; the positive rates for the 4 viruses were 29% (45) for anti-HAV, 18.1% (28) for anti-HBc, 3.9% (6) for anti-HCV and 49% (76) for anti-HEV among 155 patients with acute viral hepatitis. Nine patients were coinfected with two hepatitis viruses. CONCLUSIONS: 78% of patients with sporadic acute hepatitis were caused by enterically transmitted hepatitis viruses (A and E) in Beijing between 1995 and 2000, Hepatitis E had the highest rate. Coinfection with two hepatitis virus was found in the patient with intravenous drug abusers and cirrhosis or acute hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[MRI manifestation of temporomandibular joints after indirect trauma].

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the structure changes in temporomandibular joints (TMJs) of goats after indirect trauma. METHODS: The trauma of TMJs of goats achieved under an impact to the right and left mandibular angles with a self-made device. These goats were killed after 2 hours, 7 days, 1 month and 3 months. The TMJs of goats were examined using MRI before killed and checked by histological method, the normal temporomandibular joints were treated as the control. RESULTS: The results of MRI: in the early post-trauma stage, the condylar articular surface was partially lost, and the discs were displaced and ruptured. Further, the hemathrosis of the TMJ and the decreased joint spaces were also observed in the eroded, eburnous surface of the condyle and the deformed disc. In the later stage, the surfaces of condyles were eroded and eburnated, and the discs were deformed. CONCLUSION: The indirect trauma on the TMJs of goats can cause TMJ internal derangement and TMJ osteroarthrosis. MRI cab be used to investigate both hard and soft tissue injuries of the temporomandibular joint, and is appreciated in understanding the pathogenesis of indirect trauma on the TMJ.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Diagnostic significance of audiological and vestibular function examination in the pontocerebellar angle tumor].

OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnostic value of audiological and vestibular function examination in the pontocerebellar angle tumor. METHOD: The data of audiological and vestibular function test were analized retrospectively in 20 subjects with tumors of the pontocerebellar angle. RESULT: Pure tone and ABR waveforms were abnormal in 20 subjects (21 ears), moreover acoustic stapedius reflex and the vestibular function were abnormal in 19 subjects. CONCLUSION: It's valuable that audiological and vestibular function examinations are able to diagnosis the pontocerebellar angle tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical analysis of 17 cases rhabdomyosarcoma in ear nose and throat].

OBJECTIVE: To better understand the rhabdomyosarcoma in ear nose and throat and make correct diagnosis. METHOD: 17 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma in ear nose and throat were investigated. Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. RESULT: Among 17 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, three patients were in stage I, four patients were in stage II, eight patients were in stage III and two patients were in stage IV. It is the commonest in nose and predisposed to male. The clinic presentations were related to the size and location of tumor. Comprehensive therapy was need in most of patients. Poor prognosis was noted in this disease. CONCLUSION: This disease is easy to misdiagnose. Early diagnosis and comprehensive therapy will make contribution to better prognosis.

Adolescent↗