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Biomedical subjects

H Yuu

Publications and source records attributed to H Yuu.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Relation of electrophoretic pattern of amylase isoenzymes to severity of pancreatic disease.

Serum and urinary amylase isoenzymes were studied in an attempt to evaluate the usefulness of isoamylase analysis in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases. The amylase in human serum and urine was separated into 4 to 5 distinct isoenzymes, which have mobilities consistent with those of the pancreatic isoamylases (Amylase-1, -2, -4 and -6) and the salivary isoamylases (Amylase-3, -5 and -7). The normal isoamylase pattern was Amylase-1, -2, -3 and -5. Amylase-4 and -6 could not be found in normal serum and urine. Amylase activity in Amylase-1 and/or -2 increased remarkably, having the normal isoamylase pattern, in the patients with elevated serum amylase activity after stimulation with pancreozymin-secretin or after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. However, in the patients with acute pancreatitis, salivary type isoamylases disappeared and only the pancreatic type components were identified. It seems that the appearance of Amylase-4 and disappearance of the salivary components indicate severe pancreatic inflammation and that the apparent specificity of this isoenzyme pattern affords a mean for conforming the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. However, the occurrence of an inherited trait in the pancreatic isoamylases of healthy individuals suggests that a rise in the pancreatic components may not necessarily indicate pancreatic disorders.

Amylases↗
PubMed1977

The characteristics of amylase activity and the isoamylase pattern in serum and urine of infants and children.

Determination of amylase activity and isoamylase patterns were performed in serum and urine of normal newborns, infants and children of different ages. In the serum of newborn infants measurable amounts of amylase were present. The activity increased with the age and reached the normal adult level by approximately 8 months of age. Isoamylase analysis revealed that the low level of serum amylase in infants was mainly due to deficiency of the pancreatic-type isoamylase. The absence of the pancreatic isoamylase in newborns and young infants is a physiological and developmental phenomenon. Great caution is therefore necessary when amylase isoenzymes are used in the diagnosis of abnormal pancreatic function and such results have always to be interpreted in relation to the age of the child.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The nature and origin of hyperamylasemia following open-heart surgery with extracorporeal circulation.

The nature of the postoperative hyperamylasemia in 27 patients undergoing open-heart surgery was investigated. An increase in serum amylase activity was found in 56% of the patients. Isoamylase analysis revealed that the rise was in the salivary-type isoamylase in all of these patients. Since the level of serum amylase activity was increased in the postoperative state with prolongation of extracorporeal circulation, it is conceivable that cellular hypoxia due to inadequate tissue perfusion may cause disturbances in cellular metabolism with a release of intracellular amylase. The finding of the salivary-type amylase in normal lung tissue, transient salivary-type hyperamylasemia in acute respiratory distress and increased amylase activity of the salivary-type in serum specimens from the left atrium compared to those from the right ventricle suggest that the origin of the amylase responsible for the transient postoperative hyperamylasemia in the salivary-type is due to the amylase released from lung tissues under hypoxia during and after operation.

Amylases↗
PubMed1977

Amylase in the lung.

Although elevated amylase levels in serum, pleural fluid, and extracts of tumor tissue in primary lung cancer have been reported, electrophoretic and column-chromatographic studies have not revealed the ectopic production of amylase but have merely shown an increase of amylase activity of chiefly the salivary type in these materials. The present study was designed to make clear the nature of the amylase or amylase-like substance in the serum, pleural fluid and tumor extracts, and to determine whether amylase might be produced ectopically in tumor tissues. Our data not only confirmed that the hyperamylasemia in some cases of primary lung cancer was due to an increase in salivary type isoamylases, but also showed that the same isoamylase pattern occurs in serum, pleural fluids, and diseased lung tissue of patients with pneumonia. However, the elution pattern of amylase in these materials in column-chromatography on Sephadex G-75 Superfine was different from that of salivary amylase. On the basis of our observations, it seems reasonable to conclude that the salivary type hyperamylasemia in some cases of primary lung cancer may be due to an increase in the amylase contained in normal lung tissues, resulting from activation and release into the blood stream by some inflammatory process. However, ectopic production of amylase was demonstrated in one particular case of primary lung cancer in which a high amylase content and a peculiar isoamylase were found both in the primary and metastatic lesions.

Amylases↗
PubMed1976

Electrophoretic pattern of amylase isoenzymes in serum and urine of normal persons.

We separated and measured amylase isoenzymes in the serum and urine of 3036 normal persons by electrophoresis on a thin layer of polyacrylamide gel. We wished to establish the normal pattern of these isoenzymes and to evaluate the usefulness of this method of electrophoresis in clinical diagnosis. Results for patients with hyper- or hypofunctioning pancreas and salivary glands suggested that essentially all the isoamylases in human serum and urine are derived from the salivary glands and the pancreas, and revealed that isoamylases of more than 98% of normal persons consisted of two major isoenzymes and two to three minor ones. Although these observations indicate that data on changes in the proportion of amylase activity of each isoenzyme can be useful in clinical medicine, the following points should be remembered: (a) quantitative differences in the isoenzyme pattern were observed, depending upon the condition of the samples; (b) because the proportion of isoamylase activity in serum of different normal persons differs, seriatim determination of amylase isoenzymes is necessary; and (c) because five different genetically controlled types of isoamylases were observed in normal persons, genetic investigations are also necessary.

Adult↗