[Case of acute abdomen caused by Anisakis-like larvae crawling into the intestinal wall].
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Abdomen, Acute↗
Biomedical subjects
H Yoshimura
Publications and source records attributed to H Yoshimura.
Anisakis-like larvae causing eosinophilic granulomata in the stomach of man.
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Adult↗
The life cycle of Clonorchis sinensis: a comment on the presentation in the seventh edition of Craig and Faust's Clinical Parasitology.
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Animals↗
Angiomyolipoma of the liver with least amount of fat component: imaging features of CT, MR, and angiography.
We report two cases of angiomyolipoma of the liver, where small amounts of fat on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography made distinguishing this tumor from other hypervascular tumors difficult. Recognizing the imaging features of no capsule, hypervascularity of the tumor including the fat component, and early venous drainage may be helpful for correctly diagnosing angiomyolipoma of the liver.
Adipose Tissue↗
Expression of p53 and RB proteins in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: their relationship with clinicopathologic characteristics.
BACKGROUND: Cancer of the esophagus is one of the most malignant tumors and has a poor prognosis. The p53 and retinoblastoma (RB) genes are involved in the regulation of cell population by suppressing cell proliferative activity. Our goal was to clarify whether expression of p53 and RB genes could be prognostic factors in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. METHODS: Tumor samples taken from 73 patients undergoing subtotal esophagectomy were immunohistochemically stained for the p53 and RB genes. An image analyzer was used for quantitative assessment of the staining, and clinicopathologic characteristics of those patients were investigated. RESULTS: Patients in whom p53 expression was high had greater tumor diameter, deeper tumor invasion, and worse prognosis compared with patients in whom p53 expression was low. Patients in whom RB expression was low had a higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and more advanced disease than did those in whom RB expression was high. The combination of p53 and RB expression revealed that the cases with high p53 and low RB expression had significantly worse survival rates and deeper tumor invasion compared with other groups. In various clinicopathologic parameters, (e.g., age, sex, tumor-diameter, tumor type, location, differentiation, TNM classification, TNM stage) tumor type, tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and combined p53 and RB expression showed significant differences in survival by univariate analysis. Among those six variables, only lymph node involvement showed an independent prognostic factor for survival (P = .0055) by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of p53 and RB expression is not a prognostic indicator in the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer.
Aged↗
Changes in acetylcholine content in rat brain after bilateral olfactory bulbectomy in relation to mouse-killing behavior.
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Acetylcholine↗
Metabolism of 2,3',4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl by cytochrome P450 from rats, guinea pigs and hamsters.
The metabolism of 2,3',4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB) was compared using liver microsomes and six isoforms of cytochrome P450 purified from rats, guinea pigs and hamsters. In microsomal study, the following species differences were observed: 1) Untreated guinea pigs and hamsters but not rats can metabolize this TCB to 3-hydroxy- or 4-hydroxy-2,3',4',5-TCB, 2) Guinea pig microsomes showed only 3-hydroxylating activity, whereas hamster microsomes showed higher activity of 4-hydroxylation than that of 3-hydroxylation. In common with three species, the 3-hydroxylation was accelerated by phenobarbital. The 4-hydroxylation in rats and hamsters was increased by pretreatment with 3-methylcholanthrene and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl. The hydroxylation activities of liver microsomes from the three species could be explained by an involvement of different isoforms of cytochrome P450. In addition, it is apparent that hamster CYP1A2 as well as hamster CYP2A8 is involved in the 4-hydroxylation of 2,3',4',5-TCB although it has no activity for 2,2',5,5'-TCB.
Animals↗
Residues of doxycycline and oxytetracycline in eggs after medication via drinking water to laying hens.
Doxycycline (DOTC) and oxytetracycline (OTC) were dissolved in drinking water (0.5 g/l) and supplied to laying hens for 7 consecutive days. Eggs laid were collected daily during and after medication, and the antibiotic concentrations in the yolk and albumin were determined by the cup-plate method with Bacillus cereus var. mycoides ATCC 11778. The concentrations of both antibiotics were increased in yolk day by day with the advance in medication, reached peaks 2 days after withdrawal and then declined gradually. Mean peak concentrations in the yolk were 6.70 micrograms/g for DOTC and 1.42 micrograms/g for OTC. Peak concentrations in the albumin occurred in the middle stage of medication, where the mean values were 12.24 micrograms/g for DOTC and 1.03 micrograms/g for OTC. DOTC was detected in albumin until 24 days after withdrawal and for 2 days more in yolk than in albumin. OTC was detected in yolk until 9 days after withdrawal. The depletion period of OTC was shorter for the albumin, where the residue disappeared in all eggs 6 days after withdrawal. In spite of similarities between DOTC and OTC in structure, DOTC was deposited in higher concentrations and lasted for a longer period in eggs. This characteristic was considered due to its greater lipophilicity, closely correlated with oral absorption and tissue penetration.
Administration, Oral↗
Dielectric-loaded coaxial-slot antenna for interstitial microwave hyperthermia: longitudinal control of heating patterns.
In this paper, the microwave interstitial antenna with the dielectric load in part near the tip is introduced to realize the tip-heating and to improve the dependence of the heating patterns on the insertion depth. Numerical simulations using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method have been conducted at the frequency of 915 MHz for four different configurations of the coaxial-slot antenna inserted into a catheter: the media between the antenna and the catheter are (a) no, (b) a thin air layer, (c) a thin dielectric layer, and (d) a thin air layer and a dielectric load in part near the tip. The diameter of the antenna including the catheter is sufficiently small for minimally invasive therapy. Comparison of the SARs for the four configurations makes it clear that the dielectric-loaded antenna can realize the best tip-heating and suppress the hot spot near the surface of the human body. Dependence of the SAR distributions on the insertion depth of the antenna has also been examined. It is found from the investigation that the dielectric-loaded antenna has little dependence on the insertion depth.
Electronics, Medical↗
Heat-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in transplanted human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas with different status of p53.
To examine p53-dependency in hyperthermic cancer therapy, heat-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in transplanted human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumours were analysed with different status of p53 into nude mice. The tumour tissue from HNSCC cell line (SAS) transfected with mutant p53 gene (SAS/mp53) or control vector containing neo gene (SAS/neo) was transplanted into the subcutaneous tissue of the thigh of nude mice using a trocar. Hyperthermia was performed at 42 degrees C when the mean diameter of tumour was 5-6mm. The diameter of tumours was measured using vernier calipers and tumour weight (TW) and the relative tumour weight (RW) was calculated. Tumour regrowth delay was evaluated when the RW reached 5-fold against the control group. The accumulation of p53 and Bax proteins was examined by an immunohistochemical technique. Apoptotic cells in the sections were detected by staining of DNA ends using an immunohistochemical technique. SAS/mp53 tumours showed more heat-resistance than SAS/neo tumours. The p53-positively staining cells were observed in untreated SAS/mp53 tumours, but not in untreated SAS/neo tumours. After heat treatment, the accumulation of p53 and Bax proteins was observed in SAS/neo tumours, but little in SAS/mp53 tumours. The incidence of apoptotic cells induced by heat treatment was very low in SAS/mp53 tumours compared with SAS/neo tumours. In conclusion, the heat-induced growth inhibition of a transplanted HNSCC may be correlated with the induction of p53-dependent Bax-mediated apoptosis. Thus, p53 status appears to be one of the useful parameters for the predictive assays in hyperthermic cancer therapy.
Animals↗
Transient increase in cerebral blood flow in a patient with Sturge-Weber syndrome.
We report the case of an infant with Sturge-Weber syndrome whose regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) showed an increase and a subsequent decrease. As compared with simultaneous CT and MR findings, we speculate that the transient increase in rCBF reflects the neuronal reaction to hypoxia caused by congestion.
Brain↗
Stressful life events and smoking were associated with Graves' disease in women, but not in men.
OBJECTIVE: Although psychological stress and smoking have been proposed as contributing factors to Graves' disease, their independent roles in the pathogenesis of this disease have not been determined. We assessed the association between Graves' disease and psychological stress and smoking by using multivariate analysis. METHODS: By a matched case-control method, we investigated the association between Graves' disease and stressful life events, daily hassles, smoking, drinking habits, coping skills, and social support in 228 patients (182 women and 46 men) with newly diagnosed Graves' disease; we used the conditional maximum likelihood method. RESULTS: After data were adjusted for daily hassles, smoking, drinking habits, social support, and coping skills, we found that stressful life events were significantly associated with the risk of Graves' disease in women. The relative risk was 7.7 for women with the highest stress score compared with women with the lowest stress score (95% confidence interval, 2.2 to 27, p for trend < .001). Smoking was also independently associated with the risk of Graves' disease in women. The relative risk for women with the highest number group compared with women with the lowest number group for smoking cigarettes was 5.1 (95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 27; p for trend < .001). These factors were not significantly associated with Graves' disease in men. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological stress and smoking were associated with Graves' disease in women, but not in men.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Psychosocial factors influencing the short-term outcome of antithyroid drug therapy in Graves' disease.
OBJECTIVE: Although psychological stress and smoking have been proposed as factors contributing to Graves' disease, their independent roles in the course of this disease have not been determined. We assessed the association between the course of Graves' disease and psychosocial factors by using multivariate analysis. METHODS: We investigated the association between the short-term outcome of Graves' disease (assessed 12 months after the beginning of antithyroid drug therapy) and stressful life events, daily hassles, smoking, drinking habits, coping skills, and social support (before and 6 months after beginning therapy) in 230 patients (182 women and 48 men) with newly diagnosed Graves' disease, using a logistic regression model. RESULTS: After adjustment for smoking, coping skills, and thyroid function, daily hassles scores in women at 6 months after beginning therapy were significantly associated with a hyperthyroid state 12 months after beginning therapy. The relative risk was 3.9 for women with higher daily hassles scores compared with women with lower daily hassles scores (95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 13.2; p < .05). Smoking was not significantly associated with a hyperthyroid state 12 months after beginning therapy in either women or men. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic psychological stress is associated with the course of Graves' disease in women.
Adult↗
Development of a high quality film duplication system using a laser digitizer: comparison with computed radiography.
A high quality film-duplication system was developed in order to improve the image quality of duplicated radiographs and to recover improperly exposed films. The system consists of a laser film digitizer, a laser film printer, a workstation, and a magneto-optical disk. Radiographs are digitized by the laser digitizer, processed by the computer for image enhancement, and then printed on a film by the laser printer. A nonlinear density-correction technique is employed in recovering improperly exposed radiographs using the H&D curve of the screen-film system. Using the new duplication system in our department, the average recovery rate was over 80% for chest and abdominal films rejected due to over- or underexposed. The basic imaging properties of the duplication system were compared with those of a Computed Radiography (CR) system and a conventional screen-film system. For low spatial frequencies, the MTF of the CR system is superior to that of the digital duplication system; however, for high spatial frequencies, the MTF of the duplication system is superior. The noise in the duplication system is about half of that in the CR system.
Biophysical Phenomena↗
Overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta1 in scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach correlates with decreased survival.
A retrospective study of 50 patients with scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach who had undergone surgery was performed to elucidate whether immunohistochemical overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) could predict the patients' survival. To evaluate the proliferative activity of the tumor, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) index was used. Expression of TGF-beta1 was low in 27 patients and high in 23. Clinicopathological characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups with high and low TGF-beta1 expression. Tumors with higher TGF-beta1 expression had higher PCNA indices (p = 0.0467, unpaired Student's t test). The 5-year survival rate was 40.4% for the low TGF-beta1 group and 28.7% for the high TGF-beta1 group (p = 0.0388, log rank test). By multivariate analysis, pT, residual tumor, and TGF-beta1 were the independent prognostic factors. These results suggest that immunohistochemical expression of TGF-beta1 is one of the useful predictors for estimating the patients' survival in scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach particularly of the T3 and T4 stages.
Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
Overexpression of metallothionein correlates with chemoresistance to cisplatin and prognosis in esophageal cancer.
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of metallothionein (MT) expression with resistance to cisplatin and to identify prognostic factors in esophageal cancer. Immunostaining for MT was performed on the specimens of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus resected from 68 patients with curative intent. The expression of MT was evaluated in terms of clinicopathologic variables, effect of cisplatin, and the patients' survival. Overexpression of MT in the tumor was found in 70.6% of the patients. Stage III and IV tumors were more common in MT-positive tumors (p = 0.0282) but there was no difference in other clinicopathologic variables between MT-positive and MT-negative groups. Stage, cisplatin therapy, and tumor length were the independent prognostic indicators by multivariate analysis. Among 43 patients treated with cisplatin, the 5-year survival rate was 56% for MT-negative and 26% for MT-positive patients (p = 0.0277). In the MT-negative patients, multivariate analysis revealed that curability, stage, cisplatin therapy, and tumor length were the independent prognostic factors. These findings suggest that MT expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a major determinant of the chemoresistance to cisplatin and may be a predictor of poor prognosis.
Aged↗
Relationship between the development of pulmonary fibrosis and lung tumors in Syrian golden hamsters induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourethane.
To cast light on the relationship between the development of pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer, female Syrian golden hamsters were given 5 sc injections of 0.6 mg/animal of N-methyl-N-nitrosourethane (MNUR) at 2-wk intervals and then maintained without any treatment for 26 wk. Bronchiolo-alveolar cell tumors and hyperplasias, which were recognized from week 4 after termination of treatment, were each subdivided morphologically into 3 types. Bronchiolo-alveolar cell tumors included papillary tumors consisting of basophilic cells, papillary tumors consisting of clear cells, and papillary/solid tumors consisting of pleomorphic cells, with papillary tumors consisting of basophilic cells predominating. Bronchiolo-alveolar cell hyperplasias encountered were glandular metaplasia, simple hyperplasia, and papillary hyperplasia. Glandular metaplasia was the most common of the hyperplastic lesions. To some extent, all the proliferative lesions were associated with inflammatory cell infiltration, but this varied greatly. The rate for papillary tumors consisting of basophilic cells with connective tissue proliferation was 35%. Among the hyperplastic lesions, the cell proliferative activity of papillary hyperplasia (12.5%) was significantly higher than in other hyperplastic lesions, suggesting that this lesion might be a preneoplastic change. None of the lung proliferative lesions showed any unequivocal immunoreactivity for the p53 protein. The present study suggests that most lung tumors may develop from pulmonary inflammatory lesions induced by MNUR, but the possibility that DNA injuries to the respiratory epithelial cells by MNUR may cause lung tumors cannot be precluded.
Animals↗
Preventive effects of various ginseng saponins on the development of copulatory disorder induced by prolonged individual housing in male mice.
Recently, we found that virtually all male mice failed to display copulatory behavior following prolonged individual housing. The present study was conducted to investigate whether or not ginseng saponin components prevent the development of this copulatory disorder. ICR male mice were housed individually for 5 weeks after weaning, followed by a 10-min encounter with an estrous female mouse. The following constituents of red ginseng powder were administered intraperitoneally once per day throughout the individual housing period: crude ginseng saponins and pure ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rg1, and Ro. Three elements of copulatory behavior (mounting, intromission and penis licking) were determined. Following prolonged individual housing only one mouse in the vehicle-treated group displayed mounting. Chronic treatment with crude ginseng saponins (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly lessened the severity of copulatory disorder in a dose-dependent manner. Ginsenoside Rg1 (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) also resulted in a significantly higher incidence of copulatory behavior as compared to the individually housed vehicle-treated group, whereas ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2 and Ro were ineffective. This evidence indicates that ginsenoside Rg1 is one of the ingredients of red ginseng root that acts on male copulatory behavior.
Animals↗