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Biomedical subjects

H Yoshimura

Publications and source records attributed to H Yoshimura.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Measurement of urinary thiamine propyl disulfide metabolites as an index of liver function.

Thiamine propyl disulfide (TPD) was orally administered in patients with liver disease to measure the main metabolite, 2-hydroxypropyl methyl sulfone (2HPMS), in urine, for the test of liver function. The amount of urinary excretion of 2HPMS decreased in proportion to the degree of severity of liver disease, with intimate correlation with various tests reflecting hepatic reserve function (p less than 0.01). Phenobarbital (PB), one of the inducers of hepatic microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes scarcely influenced the results of this test. In patients with ordinary liver disease without remarkable disturbance of intestinal absorption and renal excretory function, this method appears to be clinically applicable.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

[Pharmaco-ethological analysis of agonistic behavior between resident and intruder mice: effects of psychotropic drugs].

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of psychotropic drugs on agonistic behavior between resident and intruder mice. The effects of four doses of the following drugs were assessed in either resident or group-housed intruder mice: chlordiazepoxide (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, i.p.), haloperidol (0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mg/kg, i.p.) and imipramine (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, i.p.). Residents and intruders were drugged on alternate test days, and all animals received different sequences of each of the drug conditions according to a random schedule. The injection-test interval was 30 min. When resident mice were treated with chlordiazepoxide the resident's aggressive episodes (sideways posture, attack bite, tail rattle) were significantly suppressed. Both haloperidol and imipramine also showed a similar suppressive effect on the resident's aggressive episodes, but haloperidol significantly suppressed locomotor activity at all doses. When intruder mice were treated with chlordiazepoxide, attack bites by untreated residents were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner, and the frequency of defensive upright posture displayed by intruder animals were significantly decreased. Haloperidol and imipramine did not alter resident's behavior and intruder's upright posture when intruders were drugged. The results suggest that chlordiazepoxide has specific effects on both the hostility of the resident and the anxiety of the intruder, differing from haloperidol and imipramine.

Aggression↗
PubMed1984

[Squamous change of adenocarcinoma of the large intestine].

Of 986 patients with resected adenocarcinoma of the large intestine, 48 (4.8%) showed various grades of squamous change. The average age was 61.1 years, male to female ratio was 1 to 0.92. Patients experiencing this change had rectal cancer (27.1%), cancer of the sigmoid colon (22.9%), cecum (20.8%), ascending colon (16.7%) and transverse colon (10.4%), 77.1% of the patients showed Borrmann I and II, 81.2% had cancers large than 5 cm in diameter. 95.8% of the cases metamorphosed from well differentiated adenocarcinoma. Squamous change in adenocarcinoma of the large intestine was found in advanced cases, thus it should be considered that this change occurs as a secondary metamorphosis of the adenocarcinoma. Lymph node metastasis was found in 54.2% of the patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Development of tolerance and cross-tolerance to the cataleptogenic effects of delta 8-tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-hydroxy-delta 8-tetrahydrocannabinol in mice.

Tolerance developed to the cataleptogenic effects of delta 8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 8-THC) and 11-hydroxy-delta 8-THC on daily administration (5 mg/kg per day i.v.) of these substances in mice. Reciprocal cross-tolerance was also demonstrated between both cannabinoids. The ED50S (mg/kg i.v.) for delta 8-THC and 11-hydroxy-delta 8-THC were 13.0 (10.2-16.5) and 5.3 (3.4-8.2), respectively, in delta 8-THC-tolerant mice (7 days' treatment) while the corresponding ED50S were 20.8 (17.6-24.5) and 11.7 (8.5-15.7), respectively, in 11-hydroxy-delta 8-THC-tolerant mice. These values were much higher than those in the vehicle-treated mice [delta 8-THC, 4.1 (2.8-5.9); 11-hydroxy-delta 8-THC, 0.98 (0.53-1.81)].

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation by ultrasonography of arterial embolization therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Twelve cases of hepatocellular carcinoma treated by arterial embolization were followed with ultrasonography. Shrinkage of the tumor after the therapy was confirmed in all cases. Echo level reduction in the tumor occurred in 10 cases. High-level reverberation echoes with acoustic shadows emerged in seven cases; however, these echoes were not detected in any cases 3 weeks after the procedure. Echoes were considered either as the consequence of gas produced in the tumor or air trapped in the embolic substance. Ultrasonography, therefore, is an effective technique for the posttherapeutic evaluation of arterial embolization therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Internal motion of F-actin in 10(-6)-10(-3) s time range studied by transient absorption anisotropy: detection of torsional motion.

By means of laser flash photolysis, the transient absorption anisotropy (TAA) of the triplet probe, 5-iodoacetamide-Eosin, labeling rabbit skeletal F-actin was measured in the 10(-6)-10(-3) s time range. The TAA curve at 20 degrees C showed a relatively slow decay phase covering several hundred microseconds and a large residual anisotropy (approximately 0.1 at 2 ms). After analysis with Barkley & Zimm's formula, it was concluded that the TAA of Eosin-F-actin can be approximated by the anisotropy decay due to torsional motion of F-actin.

Actins↗
PubMed1983

Prevention of drug-resistant Escherichia coli colonization in chickens by treatment with a faecal fluid.

This study was performed to prove that intestinal colonization in chickens by resistant Escherichia coli strains present in the environment might be prevented when faeces in which sensitive E. coli strains were dominant was administered to newly hatched chicks. The appearance of resistant E. coli strains was markedly reduced. Escherichia coli O49:H12 was the sensitive E. coli strain which formed the major colonizer in the intestinal tract. In young chickens, this strain persisted as a major component, and even when it was a minor colonizer in the faecal fluid administered, it appeared as a major component soon afterwards. This strain is considered to be a good colonizer in the gut of young chickens.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A regurgitant jet and echocardiographic abnormalities in aortic regurgitation: an experimental study.

Acute aortic regurgitation was created experimentally in 21 mongrel dogs to examine the relationship of the regurgitant jet to observed echocardiographic findings. The direction of the regurgitant jet was studied by echo contrast injections in the aortic root. Diastolic fluttering of the anterior mitral leaflet (AML) was noted in all 21 dogs irrespective of direction of the jet. Diastolic fluttering of the interventricular septum (IVS) was noted in six of the seven dogs with a tear of the noncoronary cusp and in one of seven dogs with lesions in the left coronary cusp. In all seven dogs with echocardiographically demonstrated IVS fluttering, a regurgitant jet impinged on the anterior part of the IVS. Amplitude of the AML excursion was not significantly different from control when the lesions involved the noncoronary or the left coronary cusps. However, all seven dogs that had a lesion in the right coronary cusp demonstrated a significant reduction in the amplitude of the AML excursion. The regurgitant jet in these dogs impinged uniformly on the AML. We conclude that diastolic fluttering of the AML is uniformly observed and unrelated to the direction of the regurgitant jet, diastolic fluttering of the IVS is caused by the regurgitant jet impinging upon the IVS, and amplitude of the AML may be reduced as a result of a jet impingement of the AML.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

9 alpha, 10 alpha-epoxyhexahydrocannabinol formation from delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol by liver microsomes of phenobarbital-treated mice and its pharmacological activities in mice.

9 alpha, 10 alpha-Epoxyhexahydrocannabinol (9 alpha, 10 alpha-EHHC) was found to be formed from delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC) by liver microsomes of mice pretreated with phenobarbital. Further, pharmacological effects of 9 alpha, 10 alpha-EHHC in mice were compared with those of delta 9-THC using catalepsy, hypothermia, pentobarbital-induced sleep prolongation and anti-convulsant activity against pentylenetetrazol as indices. 9 alpha, 10 alpha-EHHC was approximately equipotent with delta 9-THC in the pharmacological indices except for catalepsy. The cataleptogenic effect of the epoxide was about 4 times as potent as the parent compound. From these results, it is suggested that 9 alpha, 10 alpha-EHHC can contribute to the pharmacological effects of delta 9-THC as an active metabolite.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The properties of UDP-glucuronyltransferase for cannabinoids in rat liver microsomes.

The glucuronidation of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN) in rat liver microsomes was studied. The enzyme activities for the cannabinoids were 26.3 (delta 9-THC), 52.9 (CBD) and 104.8 (CBN) pmol/min/mg protein. The apparent Km values of UDP-glucuronyltransferase for the cannabinoids were 0.29 (delta 9-THC), 0.18 (CBD) and 2.78 (CBN) mM, while Vmax were 40.3 (delta 9-THC), 104.9 (CBD) and 593.3 (CBN) pmol/min/mg protein. Following treatment of rats with 3-methylcholanthrene, the enzyme activities for delta 9-THC, CBD and CBN were increased 132, 43 and 1198%, respectively, whereas the corresponding increases in microsomes from phenobarbital-treated rats were 127, 13 and 97%, respectively. The cannabinoid glucuronidation was activated 2 to 3 folds by the addition of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, but not activated by the addition of Triton X-100 in vitro. The properties of cannabinoid UDP-glucuronyltransferase were discussed from the above results.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Different responsiveness of hepatic and pulmonary microsomal mixed function oxidases to phenobarbital-type and 3-methylcholanthrene-type polychlorinated biphenyls in rats.

Inductive effects of pretreatments with a phenobarbital(PB)-type 2, 4, 5, 2', 4', 5'-hexachlorobiphenyl(HCB), a 3-methylcholantrene(MC)-type 3, 4, 5, 3', 4'-pentachlorbiphenyl(PenCB) and a mixed type polychlorinated biphenyl(PCB) mixture, Kanechlor(KC-)400 as well as PB and MC on the hepatic and pulmonary microsomal mixed function oxidases(MFOs) were examined and compared using male Wistar rats. Hepatic cytochrome P-450(448) content was increased 2- to 4-fold by pretreatment with all inducers tested, whereas the pulmonary content was slightly elevated only by the MC-type(MC and PenCB) and mixed type inducers. Benzphetamine(BZ) N-demethylase activity in the liver was strongly enhanced by the PB-type(PB and HCB) and mixed type inducers, but not affected by MC and suppressed by PenCB. Pulmonary BZ N-demethylation was not affected by pretreatments with the MC-type and mixed type inducers while both PB-type inducers decreased the activity. The PB-type inducers, showing a weak inducibility for aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase(AHH) in the liver, also diminished the activity in the lung. In contrast, a marked enhancement of AHH activity in both organs was caused by pretreatment with the MC-type and mixed type inducers. AHH activity in both organs from PenCB-treated rats was highly sensitive to alpha-naphthoflavone but almost insensitive to SKF 525-A. These results strongly suggest that the pulmonary MFO in rats in inducible only with MC-type but not with PB-type PCB unlike the hepatic MFO.

Animals↗