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Biomedical subjects

H Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to H Yoshida.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Simultaneous abdominal aortic replacement and thoracic stent-graft placement for multiple aortic aneurysms: report of a case].

Patients with aneurysmal disease involving both the thoracic and abdominal aorta have historically required simultaneous or sequential conventional operations. Staged operations were generally preferred, but we experienced that a patient had rupture of the second aneurysm after he finished initial treatment for the first aneurysm. We have implemented simultaneous operation using thoracic stent-graft placement. A 78-year-old male who had multiple aortic aneurysm involving both the thoracic and abdominal aorta underwent conventional abdominal aortic replacement with endovascular stent-graft placement into the distal arch of the thoracic aorta under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent-graft was composed of two units of self-expanding stainless-steel Z stent covered with an thin wall woven Dacron graft. Postoperative aortography showed no stent migration and no endoleak. Simultaneous abdominal aortic replacement and deployment of a thoracic stent-graft may be a valuable treatment option for these patients. However, careful long term follow up is necessary to prove the value and the effects of the endovascular treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Enhanced expression of N-myc messenger RNA in neuroblastomas found by mass screening.

A substantial fraction of neuroblastomas found by mass screening have been suggested to regress spontaneously because of the high incidence of infantile neuroblastomas in the screening population. In this study, 70 neuroblastomas were analyzed for expression of proto-oncogenes related to neuronal differentiation to clarify the biological significance of proto-oncogene expression in the screening-positive and -negative tumors. The tumors consisted of 39 neuroblastomas found by screening (group 1), 16 non-N-myc-amplified neuroblastomas found by clinical symptom(s) (group 2), and 15 N-myc-amplified neuroblastomas found by clinical symptom(s) (group 3). The expression of c-src, trk A, and N-myc in tumor tissues was analyzed by quantitative RNA PCR. Neuronal c-srcN2 expression varied significantly in the following order: group 1 > group 2 > group 3. The level of expression of trk A was markedly reduced in group 3 but did not differ in groups 1 and 2. Most tumors in group 3 overexpressed N-myc. However, N-myc expression in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 2. Thus, the characteristics of proto-oncogene expression in screening-positive tumors included enhanced expression of c-srcN2 and N-myc mRNA, regardless of nonamplification of N-myc. Our results suggest that the role of N-myc differs in neuroblastomas detected by screening and in N-myc-amplified tumors.

Disease-Free Survival↗
PubMed2000

[Beneficial effect of eyelid make-up (natural rubber latex) to induce a new fold in the treatment of blepharoptosis in myotonic dystrophy].

Blepharoptosis is one of the troublesome ocular complications of myotonic dystrophy. To correct drooping eyelids for two men with myotonic dystrophy, we used Eye Putti, a cosmetic made of natural rubber latex, which induces a new fold in the upper eyelid. The cosmetic rubber latex dramatically improved the sight of a 59-year-old patient who previously had a great difficulty in looking forward and had to bend his head backward to see an object because of severe blepharoptosis. The other patient aged 54 with moderate ptosis also had satisfactory improvement. Appropriate use did not prevent eye blinking and induce corneal erosion or skin rash. The cosmetic rubber latex was effective to patients who had no residual function of the levator palpebrae and frontal muscles. This daily treatment is simple and safe, therefore may have an advantage over surgical correction of blepharoptosis for patients not only with myotonic dystrophy, but with other neuromuscular disorders including oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.

Blepharoptosis↗
PubMed2000

Can dog-ear formation be decreased when an S-shaped skin resection is used instead of a spindle skin resection? A three-dimensional analysis of skin surgery techniques using the finite element method.

Dog-ear formation is often unavoidable with resection and suturing of the skin, including spindle excision. Regarding dog-ear formation after basic spindle skin resection during removal of a round tumor of the skin, we quantitatively analyzed the frequency of dog-ear formation with respect to the following three techniques: previous spindle skin resection, S-shaped skin resection, which has been experientially considered to induce limited deformity, and mosque-shaped skin resection for control. To date, by using paper models or sponges, various techniques of skin resection have been simulated in the field of plastic surgery. In the present study, we performed three-dimensional simulation and analyzed three different techniques of skin resection by using the finite element method. As a result, image simulation demonstrated that the frequency of dog-ear formation was limited by S-shaped, spindle, and mosque-shaped skin resection, in descending order.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed2000

[A case of bronchial stump recurrence of lung cancer successfully treated with chemoradiotherapy using cisplatin plus vinorelbine].

A 61-year-old man, who had undergone right upper lobectomy for lung cancer about nineteen months earlier, was examined at our hospital for hemoptysis. A bronchial stump recurrence was observed by chest CT and bronchoscopy. The patient underwent chemoradiotherapy using cisplatin (CDDP) and vinorelbine (VNB). Irradiation was started (total 60 Gy/30 fr/6 weeks) about four weeks before the onset of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy consisted of 2 cycles of CDDP 80 mg/m2 on day 1 and VNB 15 mg/m2 on day 1, 8. The dose of VNB was increased to 25 mg/m2 during cycle 2 because cycle 2 was without radiotherapy. After the chemoradiotherapy, the recurrent tumor disappeared on a CT scan and bronchoscopy. Chemoradiotherapy using CDDP plus VNB regimen is considered effective, without serious side effects for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2000

[Defense mechanism and immunity].

Monocyte/macrophage (m phi) or mononuclear phagocytic system(MPS) play one of the key roles in defense mechanisms in human as well as animals. Informations as to their biological functions and significance in defense mechanisms or immune systems have increased. However, some of the details are still unknown and/or controversial. Prof. Takahashi lectured on some new findings: development of m phi precedes that of monocyte, factors regulating differentiation of m phi, differences between tissue m phi and monocyte/m phi and so on. He also stressed the complexity of the development and differentiation of monocyte/m phi. Prof Yamamoto lectured on a new factor, S19 ribosomal protein, which enhances migration of monocytes and connects natural immunity and acquired immunity. Following these lectures, all participants realized the complexity and also the mystery of defense mechanisms of our bodies.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) Tokushima 2: novel HRG deficiency, molecular and cellular characterization.

The proband, a 76-year-old woman, suffered from dural arteriovenous fistula. Her plasma histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) level was 50% of the normal level. A low level of plasma HRG was also found in her third daughter. A single nucleotide substitution of T to C was found at nucleotide position 11,438 in exon 6 of the HRG gene from the proband, converting Cys223 to Arg in the second cystatin-like domain. The same mutation was also identified in her third daughter, but not in the other four family members having normal HRG levels or in 50 unrelated healthy Japanese individuals. Expression studies in BHK cells showed that substantial intracellular degradation of the mutant occurred and only about 40% of the recombinant HRG mutant was secreted. These results indicate that congenital HRG deficiency caused by a substitution of Cys223 to Arg is hereditary in this family.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Autoimmune thrombocytopenia and erythroid hypoplasia associated with hepatitis A].

A 53-year-old woman developed fever and fatigue after eating raw oysters, and consulted a local clinic. She exhibited liver dysfunction and jaundice, and was therefore referred and admitted to our hospital. Hepatitis A was diagnosed based on virus markers, and palliative therapy was administered. After admission, the increased levels of transaminases and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) normalized rapidly. However, marked thrombocytopenia was observed, and steroid pulse therapy was administered. Thereafter, idiopathic anemia developed, and a bone marrow puncture was performed. Bone marrow smears showed marked depletion of cells of the erythroblastic and megakaryocytic series. Parvovirus B19 infection was ruled out, and an additional steroid was administered. However, the patient's anemia and thrombocytopenia persisted. She suffered a prolonged period of cholestasis and died of acute renal failure. At autopsy, the bone marrow revealed severe erythroblastopenia. A diagnosis of thrombocytopenia due to an autoimmune mechanism was made on the basis of elevated levels of platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (PAIgG) and immune complex. Furthermore, the advanced anemia was complicated by concurrent hemolysis. This case may provide information useful for clarifying the pathogenesis of hematopoietic disorders complicated by hepatitis.

Female↗
PubMed2000

[A study of liver metastasis from colorectal cancer in which hepatic resection was performed after hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy].

We experienced 5 cases of liver metastases from colorectal cancer, in which hepatic resection was carried out after down sizing by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy. In addition, a histological study about the effect of chemotherapy on the liver tumor was performed. Primary lesions were located at the sigmoid colon (2), cecum (1), descending colon (1) and rectum (1). We carried out hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using mainly 5-FU. The total amount of 5-FU was 10-81 g. Tumor volumes were reduced by 12.5-24%, and they were judged PR. However, surgery was indicated due to obstruction of the proper hepatic artery or other side effects. Postoperative courses were uneventful and the hospital stays were from 17-61 days, and all patients were still alive in tumor-free condition at writing. By the histological study of the excised specimen, we recognized not only remarkable fibrous changes or calcifications but also overt viable cancerous cells. We conclude that the option of hepatic resection after controlling the development of the cancer by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy is a rational strategy of treatment for liver metastasis from colorectal cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Integration of proviral sequences, but not at the common integration sites of the FGF8 locus, in an androgen-dependent mouse mammary Shionogi carcinoma.

A retroviral insertional mutation, especially by mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), is a major cause of murine mammary tumorigenesis. Prompted by our previous finding that FGF8, an insertionally activated cellular oncogene, is highly expressed in androgen-dependent mouse mammary Shionogi carcinoma cells, we here investigated retroviral integration adjacent to the fgf8 locus in Shionogi carcinoma. In the genomic Southern blots for fgf8 and its 5'-upstream gene npm3, the hybridized fragments were identical to the host DD/Sio mice, the original Shionogi carcinoma 115 tumor, and a pair of cultured Shionogi carcinoma cell lines of SC-3 and SC-4, suggesting that no retroviral integration occurred around either loci. The genomic cloning for the fgf8 locus from SC-3 cells also confirmed no MMTV integration. In addition, npm3, which is usually coactivated with fgf8 by MMTV insertion,was not up-regulated by androgens in SC-3 cells. All these findings led us to conclude that no retroviral insertion was present at the common integration sites adjacent to the fgf8 locus in Shionogi carcinoma although we demonstrated in this study that multiple proviral sequences of MMTV, Moloney murine sarcoma virus and FBJ-murine sarcoma virus are integrated into SC-3 cells in association with their distinct promoter activity in SC-3 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Haemodynamic comparison of propofol-fentanyl anaesthesia with midazolam-fentanyl anaesthesia in CABG patients without preoperative heart failure.

This study was designed to compare prebypass haemodynamics under total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) using midazolam-fentanyl (group M) and propofol-fentanyl (group P) combinations. Sixteen adult patients undergoing CABG were studied with patients in group M and P (n = 8 each) given intravenous midazolam 0.1 mg.kg-1.h-1 and propofol 4 mg.kg-1.h-1 with fentanyl 25 micrograms.kg-1 until sternotomy, respectively. Following induction of anaesthesia, cardiac index and heart rate decreased significantly (30% and 20% in both groups, p < 0.05) these variables returned to baseline on completion of sternotomy. In addition, in group P mean arterial pressure decreased significantly (about 15%) following induction and there were no ischaemic signs. Overall for MAP there was no significant difference between the two groups. LVSWI and RVSWI were reduced by around 25% in both groups. Only the change in LVSWI reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). This reduction may have exert a caridioprotectant action by decreasing myocardial oxygen consumption. We conclude that both TIVA techniques represent an acceptable anaesthetic regimen for use in cardiac anaesthesia.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[A case of pseudo-Bartter's syndrome with marked nephrocarcinosis].

A 38-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital on October 21, 1996 for evaluation of thirst, bilateral backache and a feeling of abdominal fullness. She had hypokalemia, normotension, hyperreninemia, hyperaldostronism and hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular apparatus on renal biopsy. Ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography and computed tomography showed marked bilateral renal calcification. Considering her history of persistent soft stool caused by chronic laxative abuse for 15 to 16 years and past diuretic abuse for several years since 1986, we diagnosed her as pseudo-Bartter's syndrome with nephrocarcinosis. The value of urinary Ca excretion was in the normal range, and acidification disturbance in NH4Cl loading test was revealed. In addition, she had taken analgesics for 2 to 3 years and interstitial nephritis on renal biopsy was seen. It is thus suggested that the cause of nephrocarcinosis in this case was the reduction of Ca solubility in the tubular cavity induced by incomplete renal tubular acidosis associated with analgesic nephropathy or interstitial nephritis caused by hypokalemia.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed2000

[Relationship between the chemical structure of O-methyl erythromycin derivatives and their affinity to the lung].

Clarithromycin (CAM) was synthesized by selective methylation of the C-6-hydroxy group of erythromycin (EM), which had a high affinity to the lung. In the present study, the relationship between the chemical structure of derivatives of O-methyl group for the hydroxy group at 6, 11, 12 and 4"-position of the EM and their affinity to the lung was investigated. When each O-methyl EM derivatives was injected into the external jugular vein in rats, the lung levels were in decreasing order, 6,11,12,4"-OCH3 > 6,12-OCH3 > 6,11,4"-OCH3 > 6,4"-OCH3 > 6,11-OCH3 > 6-OCH3 > 11-OCH3 > EM. There was not a correlation between the lung affinity and dissociation constant (pKa). It was found that substitution of a O-methyl group for the hydroxy group at each position afforded both the affinity to the lung and the lipophilicity. However, the levels of the increase were inconsistent for each substitution position. In the case of 6 and 12-position afforded higher affinity than that for 11 and 4"-position. A study of the effect of EM derivatives on the [14C]EM and [14C]CAM uptake process into the isolated lung cells was carried. The uptake of [14C]EM was not influenced by EM, CAM and 6,11,12,4"-OCH3. On the other hand, the uptake of [14C]CAM was significantly inhibited in the presence of derivatives which had a O-methyl substitution at position 6, but was not influenced by an O-acethyl substitution. These findings suggest that CAM is transported via carrier-mediated system in the lung cells, which has a selective recognition the O-methyl group at position 6. In addition, the uptake of [14C]CAM was further inhibited by the derivatives with O-methyl group at position 12.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Establishment and characterization of rat myelomonocytic leukemia clones undergoing differentiation or apoptosis].

It has not clearly been elucidated how differently differentiation-inducing drugs act on tumor cells, whether they promote differentiation or apoptosis. To elucidate the mechanisms whether leukemic cells responding to ONO-4007, a lipid A derivative, undergo differentiation or apoptosis, we established two cell clones from a rat myelomonocytic leukemia c-WRT-7/P2 clone which undergoes differentiation followed by apoptosis by ONO-4007-treatment. One of the clones (1D6) showed the features of differentiation, such as phagocytosis when treated with ONO-4007 more than 24 hrs. The other clone (3B1) clearly showed the features of apoptosis, such as DNA ladder formation within 24 hrs after incubation with ONO-4007. We then examined expression of CD14, p21, p38MAPK, JNK/SAPK, and bcl-2, functional p53 statuses and cell cycle in these two clones, and revealed the following: Without treatment with ONO-4007; 1) CD14, p21, and bcl-2 proteins were equally expressed in both clones; 2) wild-type and non-functional mutated-type p53 were present in both clones and the p53 in 3B1 clone was recessive whereas that in 1D6 clone was dominant negative; 3) p38MAPK in 3B1 clone was already phospholyrated whereas that in 1D6 clone was not. After treatment with ONO-4007; 1) neither expressions of CD14 nor that of p21 protein was changed in any of the clones; 2) p38MAPK in 3B1 clone was dephospholyrated at 1 and 2 hrs after treatment whereas that in 1D6 clone was phospholyrated at 4 and 8 hrs after treatment; 3) the expression of bcl-2 protein in 3B1 clone was reduced. These findings suggest that p53 may be one of the key factors in leading these cells to differentiation or apoptosis, and that bcl-2 may suppress the apoptosis.

Animals↗