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Biomedical subjects

H Yokozeki

Publications and source records attributed to H Yokozeki.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Antidiuretic hormone in severe cases of atopic dermatitis].

32 out of 83 in patients with atopic dermatitis showed a decrease of urine excretion during acute exacerbation and elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH 23 of 29 cases), renin (18 of 32 cases), angiotensin (22 of 29 cases) and aldosterone (16 of 37 cases). Six cases with high ADH showed severe pitting edema of lower legs with hypoalbuminemia. ADH, volume of urine and edema were improved when their skin symptoms subsided. There was no statistically significant relationship between the dose of steroid ointment and ADH. Also there was no correlation between low 17-OHCS or 17-KS and high ADH or renin.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Confluent ecchymoses on the lower extremities of a malnourished patient.

Nutritional deficiencies result in many distinctive cutaneous manifestations. Vitamin C deficiency, or scurvy, produces follicular hyperkeratosis, perifollicular hemorrhages, gingival hypertrophy, and bleeding (1). We report here a case of malnutrition who suddenly developed extensive eccymoses on the lower extremities sharing morphological similarities with purpura fulminans. Although the patient did not have the characteristic dermatological features of scurvy, serum levels of vitamins C, K, B12, and E were decreased.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Prevention of the initial testosterone surge induced by a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue in prostate cancer patients: the endocrinological effects of pretreatment with chlormadinone acetate.

We investigated the endocrinological effects of pretreatment with chlormadinone acetate (CMA) in preventing the initial testosterone surge induced by a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) analogue. A total of 25 patients with previously untreated prostate cancer were included in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups: Group 1; CMA therapy was begun 4 weeks before the initial LH-RH analogue injection. Group 2; CMA therapy was begun 2 weeks before the initial LH-RH analogue injection. After the initial LH-RH analogue injection, CMA was administered during this study. After LH-RH analogue application, the mean values of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone increased in both groups on day 3. However, LH and testosterone levels remained beneath pretreatment values in both groups. The mean relative PSA levels did not significantly increased on day 3 and day 7 in both groups. Our results indicate that pretreatment with CMA for 2 weeks was sufficient to prevent the initial testosterone surge in the maximal androgen blockade which was associated with CMA.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

Comparative analysis of CD80 and CD86 on human Langerhans cells: expression and function.

Although both CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2/B70) have been recently identified in cultured human Langerhans cells (LC), little is known of the role and regulatory properties of CD80 and CD86 on human LC. We present here the results of a study comparing the expression and function of CD80 and CD86 in human LC using the T-helper type-1 cytokines IL-2 and interferon gamma (IFN)-gamma, and the T-helper type-2 cytokines IL-10, IL-4 and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Freshly isolated human LC expressed little CD80 and CD86 in vitro, but the expression of both molecules was rapidly induced during a 72-h incubation with cytokines and the expression of CD86 occurred much earlier and more strongly than that of CD80. The expression of both CD80 and CD86 was upregulated by GM-CSF and downregulated by IL-10, and the expression of CD86, but not that of CD80, was upregulated by both IL-4 and IFN-gamma. Finally, pretreatment of LC with GM-CSF and IFN-gamma, but not with IL-4, enhanced the alloreactive T-cell proliferation induced by the LC, and IL-10 pretreatment of LC decreased their capacity for alloreaction. These results indicate that the expression of both CD80 and CD86 on human LC may be regulated by these cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma and IL-10) secreted from helper T cells infiltrating into the inflammatory microenvironment.

Antigen Presentation↗
PubMed1998

Influence of surface microstructure on the reaction of the active ceramics in vivo.

When porosity and macro-pore size differ in the same ceramic, the mode of bone regeneration and the degradation of ceramics in vivo is said to be different. However, the reactions in vivo of ceramics that have a different microstructure with the same porosity and the same macro-pore size, are not so far known. In this study, two kinds of beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) that had different microstructures but the same porosity and macro-pore size, were manufactured. These TCP were implanted in the distal femurs of 20 mature male rabbits, and their respective areas of ceramics and of regenerated bone were measured after 4, 12 and 24 wk. In both TCPs, the regenerated bone similarly decreased from 4-24 wk in a different way. The area of ceramics in one of these TCPs significantly decreased gradually throughout the observation period. On the other hand, the other TCP showed no marked decrease during the same period. This suggested a possibility that the difference in micro-structure has a large effect on the reaction of the ceramics in the bone.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

A case of Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis.

Only a few cases of Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis have been reported in Japan, especially recently. We describe a case of a 32-year-old woman who developed rose-colored nodules on her forearms two years after Kala-azar. A skin biopsy specimen from a nodule revealed not only granulomatous changes but also many amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in macrophages. Rose-colored nodules were also distributed on her face and neck. Treatment with antimony compound was very effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Epidermal cytokine mRNA expression induced by hapten differs from that induced by primary irritant in human skin organ culture system.

Epidermal cells produce various kinds of cytokines and express cell adhesion molecules. To analyze early events which induced in human epidermis by stimulation with various chemicals, we analyzed mRNA of cytokines expressed in epidermis in a human skin organ culture system. After painting haptens, primary irritants or vehicle control on human skin specimens sliced to 1 mm thickness and cut into approximately 5 x 5 mm blocks, the pieces were cultured in serum-free medium. After separating epidermis from dermis, total RNA was extracted and mRNA of cytokines was assessed by the reverse transcriptase-poly-merase chain reaction. Only haptens induced IL-1 beta mRNA at 1-3 hours. TNF-alpha mRNA was induced 9 hours after application of haptens and 1 hour after application of primary irritants. IL-1 alpha mRNA was not induced by either haptens or primary irritants. Thus, cytokine mRNA expression induced by haptens in epidermis differs from that induced by primary irritants.

Acetone↗
PubMed1998

Necrobiosis lipoidica-like skin lesions in systemic sarcoidosis.

A 62-year-old woman with systemic sarcoidosis developed erythematous plaques on her lower legs. Clinically, two kinds of skin lesions were distinguished; one type formed brownish-red plaques with induration suggesting plaque-type skin sarcoid, and the other formed purplish erythematous plaques with atrophic centers resembling necrobiosis lipoidica. In spite of this clinical appearance, a biopsy specimen from one of the latter lesions revealed typical skin sarcoid histology composed of discrete non-caseating granulomas, while that from one of the other lesions showed necrobiotic changes of collagen bundles surrounded by epitheloid histiocytes and foreign-body giant cells. Because cutaneous involvement of sarcoidosis may mimic necrobiosis lipoidica clinically and/or histologically, we diagnosed her skin lesions as necrobiosis-like skin sarcoid.

Collagen↗
PubMed1998

Verruca vulgaris developing during cyclosporin therapy for psoriasis vulgaris.

Several kinds of side effects have recently been reported with cyclosporin (CsA) therapy. We describe two patients with psoriasis vulgaris who developed verrucae vulgaris during systemic CsA therapy. In one case, a verrucous nodule appeared on the scalp and grew rapidly in a 54-year-old male with psoriasis vulgaris 29 months after starting CsA therapy. The total dose of CsA was 87.5 g, and average dose of CsA was 2 mg/kg/day. In the other case, multiple verrucae vulgaris developed on the scalp, face, knee, and inguinal region in a 54-year-old male. He had been given CsA for 10 months, the total dose was 45.5 g, and the average dose was 3 mg/kg/day. He also had Sjögren's syndrome. Most of the verrucae vulgaris lesions spontaneously disappeared after stopping the CsA.

Cyclosporine↗
PubMed1998

TNF-alpha, RANTES, and MCP-1 are major chemoattractants of murine Langerhans cells to the regional lymph nodes.

We have previously reported that lymph node cells generated chemotactic factors for Langerhans cells (LCs) in the induction phase of contact dermatitis. In order to clarify the chemotactic factors involved in migration to the regional lymph nodes, we investigated the migratory activity of murine LCs toward several cytokines and chemokines in vitro. One-day cultured LC-enriched epidermal cells were added to the upper compartment of a modified Boyden chamber and cytokines were added to the lower compartment. We counted dendritic cells migrated to the lower chamber as LCs under phase contrast microscopy. About 99% of migrated dendritic cells were positively reacted with anti-Ia(d) and NLDC145 antibodies and considered to be LCs. We could detect LC migration more accurately by this direct examination than by counting the migrated cells in the filter membrane of a Boyden chamber. In our system, migration of murine epidermal LCs was stimulated by TNF-alpha, RANTES and MCP-1, but not by GM-CSF, IL-1beta, IL-4, and IL-6. TNF-alpha induced LC migration at concentrations from 4 x 10(3) U/ml to 5 x 10(4) U/ml. RANTES at concentrations from 10 to 100 ng/ml and MCP-1 at a concentration of 100 ng/ml induced LC migration in a dose-dependent manner. These data confirmed that TNF-alpha, RANTES, and MCP-1 induced LC migration from epidermis during contact sensitization.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Experimental study for the development of an in vitro test for contact allergens. 2. Comparison of the in vitro sensitization test with the guinea pig maximization test for contact allergens.

We have previously reported an in vitro hapten-specific sensitization method using Pam-212 cells (in vitro sensitization test) to identify the potential effectiveness of contact allergens. In the present study, we conducted comparison studies of 11 allergens and 2 irritants in order to evaluate the method as an alternative predictive test. The guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) was developed based on the test described by Magnusson and Kligman. Our assay was carried out as follows: we treated Pam-212 cells with 13 test chemical solutions, while T cells and macrophages of BALB/c mice were cultured with hapten-conjugated Pam-212 cells for 5 days. After incubation, 10(5) T cells were stimulated with mitomycin-C-treated spleen cells conjugated with chemicals. Three days later, the [3H]methyl thymidine incorporation was counted. The results of the GPMT were in agreement with those reported in previous studies except for benzocaine. In our GPMT experiments, benzocaine was negative, but it had been classified as a moderate sensitizer in previous studies. Our assay detected extreme, strong and moderate sensitizers as previously classified by the GPMT They could be summarized as follows: three of five chemicals classified as moderate sensitizers, and 100% of strong or extreme sensitizers were detected by both the GPMT and the in vitro sensitization test. No irritants showed a positive reaction in our assay. These results support the view that the sensitivity of our in vitro test may be equivalent to that of the GPMT and may be useful as a rapid and objective allergen screening test.

Allergens↗
PubMed1998

[Pretreatment with chlormadinone acetate in prostate cancer patients treated with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue].

We evaluated the efficacy of pretreatment with chlormadinone acetate (CMA) in preventing the initial testosterone surge induced by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) analogue. A total of 44 patients with previously untreated prostate cancer was included in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups: Group I-CMA therapy was begun 4 weeks before the initial LH-RH analogue injection. Group II-CMA therapy was begun 2 weeks before the initial LH-RH analogue injection. After the initial LH-RH analogue injection, CMA was administered for 12 weeks or more. After LH-RH analogue application mean values of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone increased in both groups on day 3. However, LH and testosterone levels remained below pretreatment values in both groups. CMA pretreatment reduced the mean serum PSA. The mean relative PSA level slightly increased after administration of the LH-RH analogue in group I on day 7. In group II, the mean relative PSA level decreased after LH-RH analogue administration. Objective response rates at 12 weeks were 83.3% and 93.8% in group I and group II. Our results indicate that pretreatment with CMA for 2 weeks appeared to be sufficient to prevent the initial testosterone surge induced by LH-RH analogue.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Cyclophosphamide-induced blood and tissue eosinophilia in contact sensitivity: mechanism of hapten-induced eosinophil recruitment into the skin.

The mechanism leading to selective production and accumulation of eosinophils in certain allergic skin diseases is unknown. Cyclophosphamide treatment (150 mg/kg) of BALB/c mice 48 h before sensitization with picryl chloride (PCl) resulted in striking blood and tissue eosinophilia, maximal at 13 days. Blood eosinophilia was not induced by the sensitization with oxazolone and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. Challenge with 1 % PCl, but not croton oil caused preferential eosinophil accumulation into the dermis, which was associated with the enhanced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) on endothelial cells. Intravenous administration of anti-VCAM-1 monoclonal antibody abrogated eosinophil infiltration. In this murine model, we examined the role of several cytokines, including chemokines in inducing selective tissue eosinophilia in vivo. Local administration of antibodies against interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and RANTES, but not against IL-5 before challenge inhibited hapten-induced eosinophil recruitment. Intradermal injection of recombinant (r)IL-1beta, rIL-4, rTNF-alpha, rRANTES, and rMIP-1alpha induced marked eosinophil accumulation. Nonetheless, intradermal rIL-5 was not a chemoattractant for eosinophils in vivo. Our findings suggest that IL-1beta, IL-4, TNF-alpha, and RANTES contribute to the selective accumulation of eosinophils in contact sensitivity reaction. Although circulating IL-5 can activate eosinophils and prolong their survival, locally secreted IL-5 is not crucial for inducing eosinophil recruitment into the skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of non-steroidal ointment therapy for adult type atopic dermatitis: inquiry analysis on clinical effect.

Clinical analysis was performed on non-steroidal ointment therapy for 70 patients with refractory adult-type atopic dermatitis by the clinical data and patient's own evaluation of the therapy obtained through enquiries after discharge from the hospital. Forty cases (57%) were between 20 and 30 years old and the male and female ratio was 39/31. The clinical evaluations were subdivided into five groups; conditions worsened (n = 9), no-change (n = 9), slightly improved (n = 14), much improved (n = 29) and cured (n = 9). Although statistically not significant, the age of onset of atopic dermatitis and the start of use of steroid ointment was much higher while the duration of the atopic dermatitis was much shorter in the remission patients. The duration of steroid ointment therapy for the facial skin was significantly shorter in the remission group when compared to groups with worsened symptoms and no-change in symptoms. Family history and complications of atopic diseases, laboratory data including IgE titer, eosinophils and RAST score were not statistically significant in any group except for a higher prevalence of IgE antibodies against inhalant and food allergens in the group with worsened symptoms. Most patients still used steroid ointment on the trunk lesions while they ceased using from the topical steroid on the facial lesions after discharge. Most frequent precipitating factors pointed out by the patients were emotional stress, irritation by sweat or UV light and longstanding use of steroid ointment. Complications of cataracta and retinopathy were found in 12 cases. These results suggest that remission of adult-type refractory atopic dermatitis can be achieved by the combination of careful daily skin care, use of non-steroidal topical ointment and minimizing the precipitating factors.

Adolescent↗