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Biomedical subjects

H Yokouchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Yokouchi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

An expression profile of active genes in human colonic mucosa.

An expression profile of genes active in the human colonic mucosa was obtained by collecting 959 partial sequences from a 3'-directed cDNA library. Seven genes were found to produce mRNA each of which comprised more than 1% of total mRNA. Four of these genes are novel, and are likely to be uniquely expressed in the colonic mucosa, and the other three have been identified as genes for fatty acid binding protein, immunoglobulin lambda chain, and carcinoma-associated antigen GA733-2. In the remaining 952 clones, 310 were composed of 118 species occurred recurrently but less than 1%, and 533 clones appeared only once. Because the 3'-directed cDNA library faithfully represents the mRNA population in the source tissue, these numbers represent the relative activities of the gene expression. Altogether 156 gene species were identified in GenBank, and a significant portion of these genes encode proteins found in Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, chromosome-encoded mitochondrial proteins, cell surface proteins, and components in the protein synthesis machinery. The types and proportions of genes identified is consistent with the known major activities of the colonic mucosa such as mucous protein production, energy-dependent water absorption, and rapid cell proliferation and turnover.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

An expression profile of active genes in human lung.

An expression profile of genes active in the human lung was obtained by collecting 797 partial sequences from a 3'-directed cDNA library. Three genes were found to produce mRNA each of which comprised more than 1% of total mRNA. These three have been identified as genes for pulmonary surfactant apoprotein (PSP-A), Clara cells 10-kDa secretory protein, and HLA-E heavy chain. In the remaining 745 clones, 221 were composed of 89 species that occurred recurrently, and 524 clones appeared only once. Because the 3'-directed cDNA library faithfully represents the mRNA population in the source tissue, these numbers represent the relative activities of the gene expression. Altogether 437 gene species were novel, and 179 gene species were identified in GenBank. A significant portion of these genes encode proteins found in secretory proteins, cell surface proteins, and components in the protein synthesis machinery, representing the function of the lung.

Apoproteins↗
PubMed1994

Differentiation of a Ewing's sarcoma cell line towards neural and mesenchymal cell lineages.

Two different pathways of differentiation were investigated in Ewing's sarcoma (ES) cell line, designated CADO-ES1, which has been established in our laboratory. This cell line was induced to differentiate and display a neural phenotype when treated with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate or when cultured in serum-free medium (HB101). In these in vitro differentiation studies, two different phenotypes were demonstrated by light and electron microscopy. One phenotype, present in a major portion of the cell population, had long neurites in which microtubules were ultrastructurally demonstrated. The other one, present in a minor portion of the cell population, consisted of flat cells with many short processes. After differentiation in serum-free medium, tumorigenicity in nude mice or colony-forming efficiency in soft agar was strongly depressed. In the cells, N-myc, c-fos and c-src genes were not amplified, and although c-myc was amplified by up to 2-fold, depending on the culture conditions, this appeared to be unrelated to the changes of phenotype. When tumor cells were transplanted into nude mice, cartilage was formed. The cartilage was immunoreactive with the antibody for HLA-ABC, indicating that it was derived from the tumor cells, not from mouse tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Lung cancer found in a patient with absence of the inferior vena cava associated with a left superior vena cava.

A patients with anomalies of the main systemic veins developed lung cancer. In this patient, the large hemiazygos vein emptied into the left superior vena cava which communicated with the right atrium through the coronary sinus. The cancer was located in the right upper lobe and directly invaded the mediastinum. Fortunately, because of the absence of a right superior vena cava in the normal position, the tumor was completely resected by sleeve upper lobectomy without necessitating angioplastic procedures.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Long-term results of postoperative intrathoracic chemo-thermotherapy for lung cancer with pleural dissemination.

BACKGROUND: To overcome the poor prognosis of lung cancer with pleural dissemination, the authors developed postoperative intrathoracic chemo-thermotherapy (PICT). In this report, they present the long-term results for 31 consecutive patients who underwent resection, followed by PICT for lung cancer with pleural dissemination between April 1985 and December 1991. METHODS: Among the patients, there were 26 cases of adenocarcinoma, 3 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, and 1 case each of large and adenosquamous cell carcinoma. Twenty-four of these patients had an initial diagnosis of pleural involvement at thoracotomy. The other seven patients had massive malignant effusion at the time of the initial diagnosis. PICT was started between days 10 to 14 postoperatively. When possible, three courses of this procedure were administered at intervals of 5-7 days. RESULTS: The 5-year cumulative and 5-year local relapse-free survival rates were 24.6% and 76.3%, respectively. The 3-year and 5-year cumulative survival rates for 14 patients without mediastinal lymph node involvement were 68.4% and 42.7%, respectively. Those rates for 17 patients with mediastinal lymph node involvement were 22.7% and 0%, respectively. The 3-year survival rate in the former group was significantly better than that in the latter group. CONCLUSIONS: These results strongly suggest that in patients with pleural dissemination, PICT may be beneficial for regional disease control and improvement of survival, particularly for patients without mediastinal lymph node involvement.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Successful surgery of malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the lung with gross extension into the right main pulmonary artery.

We report on successful surgical treatment of a 49-year-old female suffering from malignant fibrous histiocytoma which arose from the lower lobe of the right lung with gross extension into the right main pulmonary artery, mimicking pulmonary thromboembolism. With the aid of a percutaneous cardiopulmonary support system, right pneumonectomy with resection of the right main pulmonary artery and reconstruction of the pulmonary artery was performed. Surgical management and the unique clinicopathological features of this case are discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1993

Cathepsin B expression in tumour cells and laminin distribution in pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

AIMS: To determine the correlation between cathepsin B expression and laminin distribution in pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissue. METHODS: The distribution of cathepsin B and laminin was examined in 28 formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded specimens of pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissue, using a double immunostaining technique with commercially available antibodies to cathepsin B and laminin, respectively. RESULTS: Tumour cells in 23 (82%) cases reacted to cathepsin B: 13 cases were weakly positive and 10 were strongly positive. Laminin in tumour associated basement membrane produced various staining patterns: two cases had an almost continuous distribution of laminin in tumour associated basement membrane in the tumour tissues, while a moderately discontinuous laminin distribution pattern was found in 12 cases, and a highly fragmented pattern was found in 14 cases. The degree of cathepsin B expression in tumour cells was significantly correlated with the break up of laminin staining. In some cases a discontinuous pattern of tumour associated laminin was frequently observed adjacent to cathepsin B positive tumour cell nests. CONCLUSIONS: Considering that cathepsin B has the capacity to degrade basement membrane components, including laminin, the inverse correlation shown in this study between the increase in cathepsin B expression by tumour cells and the diminution of laminin in tumour associated basement membrane could reflect local progression and spread by pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Radical laser segmentectomy for T1 N0 lung cancer.

Over the last 40 months, 18 lung cancer patients with T1 N0 non-small cell lung carcinoma have been treated with radical laser segmentectomy. This innovative operative method consists of a combination of anatomical or nonanatomical segmentectomy by neodymium:yttrium-aluminum garnet laser parenchyma sparing with complete hilar lymph node dissection. Although the median follow-up period is too short, there is no local recurrence and no cancer deaths. There have been no major complications. Even deep-seated tumors can be resected with a clear safety margin using this method. Radical laser segmentectomy may be a useful adjunct to preserve normal lung tissue and to perform very radical resection.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical analysis of nm23 gene product/NDP kinase expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma: lack of prognostic value.

Levels of nm23 gene product/nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) expression have been demonstrated to correlate inversely with metastatic potential in several tumours, indicating that this could be a useful tool as a prognostic indicator. Using an antibody to NDP kinase, levels of nm23 gene product/NDP kinase expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma were examined immunohistochemically. Of 88 patients tested, 39 (44%; Group B) showed strong immunoreactivity for NDP kinase in most of cancer cells within the tumour tissues, while 49 (56%; Group A) contained few or no NDP kinase-positive cancer cells. Nm23 gene product/NDP kinase was expressed independently of clinicopathological factors, and unexpectedly, no correlation of survival rates between both Groups could be demonstrated. Thus, in pulmonary adenocarcinoma, levels of nm23 gene product/NDP kinase expression may lack prognostic value.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

An evaluation of the prognostic significance of alpha-1-antitrypsin expression in adenocarcinomas of the lung: an immunohistochemical analysis.

Expression of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) in tumour cells of 102 surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas was examined by immunohistochemical method using anti-AAT antiserum. While only 13 cases (13%) were negative for AAT expression, 89 cases (87%) contained AAT at varying degrees. The degree of AAT-positive tumour cells was significantly higher in advanced cases than in early cases. Clinical follow-up study of the patients, particularly in stage I, showed that strongly AAT-positive cases have poor prognosis than weak-to-moderately AAT-positive or AAT-negative cases. Thus, AAT expression status in tumour cells of lung adenocarcinoma may be a biological marker of prognostic significance in regard to tumour growth.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical analysis of pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma: its possible participation in scar formation of the tumor tissues.

The expression of pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) was examined immunohistochemically in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Of 86 carcinomas examined, 65 (76%) showed immunoreactivity for PSTI. Cases with the papillary subtype and those with early stage disease contained PSTI in cancer cells more frequently and were more strongly positive. There was a slight tendency to strong expression of PSTI in cases with the histologically well-differentiated type, tumor size of approximately 30 mm maximum diameter, and marked scar formation. Furthermore, 37 cases, which were the majority of the PSTI-positives, appeared to contain PSTI predominantly in cancer cells within the central or subpleural scar tissue and/or its surrounding tissue. Thus, pulmonary adenocarcinoma may commonly express PSTI and, considering previous reports that PSTI acts as a growth factor-like substance on fibroblasts in vitro in addition to the present findings of its immunohistochemical distribution in the tumor tissues, it is suggested that PSTI expressed in cancer cells of some pulmonary adenocarcinomas may possibly participate in tumor scar formation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Cystic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung. Two cases of cystic variant of mucus-producing lung adenocarcinoma.

Two previously unreported cases of mucus-producing lung adenocarcinoma are presented as uncommon tumors, which are clinicopathologically different from other histologic types of lung adenocarcinoma. The tumors, showing apparently rapid development on chest roentgenograms, were tightly packed with copious mucus and resembled cystic lesions. Because they contained very few cancer cells, and these were only at the periphery, it was impossible to diagnose malignant neoplasms preoperatively through cytologic examination. The present tumors, which we described as cystic mucinous adenocarcinoma, are considered to be a cystic variant of mucus-producing lung adenocarcinoma that expands grossly by storing mucus.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1992

[Chemo-thermotherapy of radiation-induced squamous cell carcinoma in anterior chest wall].

A 62-year-old woman had visited our hospital with the large and deep ulcer formation on the left anterior chest wall. A biopsy of the ulcerous lesion established the diagnosis of a squamous cell carcinoma which might be induced by the irradiation after mastectomy. Although a wide resection of the chest wall including left arm was performed, it was impossible to resect completely. After then, she had operations for local recurrence for three times in three years. However, cure was not obtained, and residual lesions gradually enlarged and all layers of the anterior chest wall was replaced with tumor tissues. Conventional chemotherapy using ftorafur and mitomycin C was not effective. Therefore, we tried combined therapy with intravenous administration of cisplatin (CDDP) and vindesine (VDS), and local hyperthermia using radiofrequency (RF) wave. A total number of 11 courses of this treatment modality was carried out at once a week intervals. The tumor-temperature was maintained at the range of 40-43 degrees C for 40 min in each treatment session. Chemotherapeutic agents were administered simultaneously with hyperthermia. After these treatments, the recurrent tumor was markedly reduced, and epithelization of the ulcer was recognized from the surrounding normal skin. The residual tumor was then resected completely. The operative wound was successfully closed by surrounding normal tissue mobilization. She is in good postoperative condition. We concluded that the chemo-thermotherapy is safe and promising therapeutic modality for such invasive squamous cell carcinoma, and the normal tissues are not affected. Furthermore, this approach will expand the scope of radical resection for such an uncontrollable tumor.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

[Cell kinetics in two cases of meningioma with ultra-late pulmonary metastases].

In order to elucidate the influence of surgical intervention on cell kinetics, we investigated the DNA ploidy pattern and mitotic index in two patients with metastatic pulmonary meningioma more than 10 years after the first operation for primary brain lesions. The first patient, with hemangiopericytomatous meningioma, showed a diploid pattern in all resected specimens and intrathoracic metastases obtained at autopsy, and also showed a constant mitotic indices throughout the clinical course. The second patient, with meningothelial meningioma, also showed a diploid pattern and constant mitotic indices throughout the clinical course. There was no difference in the two parameters between this second patient and 5 non-metastatic control cases. In conclusion, there was no positive correlation between these two parameters and the acceleration of tumor growth detected at every surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Usefulness of Nd-YAG laser for the excision of multiple lung metastases and segmentectomy for primary lung cancer].

Since 1986, limited resection of 561 pulmonary metastases in 25 patients was performed with the neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd-YAG) laser. Use of the laser enabled a local excision of both superficially located and deep-seated tumors that would otherwise have required segmentectomy or lobectomy for safe removal. As a result, the 5-year survival rate for these patients was 40.3%. Since 1988, we also developed laser segmentectomy to treat primary lung cancer, and performed this procedure on 25 lung cancer patients. Of those, twenty-one patients had T1N0 disease. All are alive now and have had no local recurrence. The pulmonary distortion, which leads to impairment and loss of pulmonary function, was minimal in laser resection when compared to other procedures such as stapled resection or the casual ligation-division technique. In conclusion, we have found the Nd-YAG laser to be an effective tool both for preserving pulmonary function and for obtaining clear safety margins.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Expression of alpha-amylase isozymes in human thyroid tissues.

Expression of alpha-amylase genes in thyroid tissues was studied by assaying the total amylase activity as well as by using immunohistochemical and Northern blot analysis. The amylase genes expressed were determined by a combination of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blot analysis using synthetic probes specific for the three known amylase isozyme complementary DNAs. The samples consisted of tissues from 18 human thyroid carcinomas (11 well-differentiated carcinomas, 2 poorly differentiated carcinomas, 1 anaplastic carcinoma, and 4 medullary carcinomas) and 9 specimens of nonmalignant thyroid tissue (2 were from nontumorous regions of resected glands and 7 were thyroid tissue from a patient with Graves' disease). Salivary-type amylase was expressed at a relatively high level in nonmalignant thyroid tissue and well-differentiated carcinoma and could be detected by Northern blot analysis. In poorly differentiated carcinoma, it was detected only by the PCR, while in anaplastic or medullary carcinoma, it was not detected even by the PCR. Thus, the expression of salivary-type amylase was characteristic of well-differentiated follicular cells. These observations suggest that salivary-type amylase expression may be a marker for identifying the histogenesis and stage of differentiation of thyroid cancer. In addition, the AMY2B gene product was detected in all different types of cells examined, although its expression was only detectable by the PCR. Pancreatic type amylase was not detected in any of the samples.

Adult↗