Registered state and a two-dimensional Bose liquid of 4He in mesopores of hectorite.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
H Yano
Publications and source records attributed to H Yano.
Chemoprevention by galanin against colon carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane in Wistar rats.
The effects of the neuropeptide galanin on the development of colon tumors induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and on the labeling index of colon epithelial cells were investigated in Wistar rats. Treatment with galanin significantly decreased the incidence of colon tumors at week 45. Galanin did not influence the histological appearance of the colon tumors, but it slightly increased the frequency of sub-mucosal adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, it significantly decreased the labeling index of colon mucosa during and after AOM treatment. These findings indicate that galanin inhibited the development of colon tumors and that this effect may be related to its suppression of colon-epithelial-cell proliferation.
Animals↗
Expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein in rat articular cartilage.
Expression and localization of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in rat articular cartilage during fetal and postnatal periods were investigated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. PHTrP displayed distinct distribution and intensity of staining at different ages. In fetal (18-day-old) and young (3-week-old) rats, articular chondrocytes expressed abundant PTHrP throughout the entire thickness of cartilage. In contrast, in 60-week-old rats, PTHrP was expressed in a few articular chondrocytes of superficial and middle layers. Regulation of PTHrP and PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA was also studied in cultured rat articular chondrocytes. Northern blot analysis revealed that both transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), an important stimulator for chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) stimulated the expression of PTHrP mRNA with down-regulation of its receptor mRNA. In contrast, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) down-regulated the expression of receptor without changes of PTHrP mRNA level. These results suggest that the changes in abundance and localization of PTHrP and its receptor may be directly involved in the cell growth and differentiation of articular cartilage.
Animals↗
Correlation between immunophenotypic diversity and clinical features in B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.
Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a highly malignant subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and generally carries a T-cell phenotype with mediastinum or central nervous system (CNS) involvement. However, only a small proportion of LBL exhibit a B-cell phenotype (B-LBL), and these frequently present at the head and neck without mediastinum or CNS involvement. Three immunological subgroups may exist. The most predominant CD10-positive pre-B-cell type, corresponding to a precursor B-cell neoplasm, frequently involves the head and neck. The second, CD10-negative or mature B-cell type, defined by the absence of CD10 or presence of surface membrane immunoglobulins combined with expression of CD19 or CD20, often involves the mediastinum. The final group is a CD5-positive B-cell type corresponding to a blastic variant of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Its clinical course is less aggressive, patients are often older, and nodal lesions are more frequent than extranodal involvement. Thus, B-LBL is immunologically diverse, but its biological behavior correlates with the immunophenotype.
Adolescent↗
Novel functions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in terminally differentiated cells.
Importance of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) in signalling pathways leading to growth stimulation has already been reviewed in this journal and others. Evidence has now been accumulating that PI 3-kinase is involved in transmission of activation signals in terminally differentiated cells, especially signals starting from receptors which have no intrinsic tyrosine kinase domain. The pioneer works showed the presence of PI 3-kinase activity and the accumulation of the reaction products of PI 3-kinase correlated with the cell responses. However, these studies were done in only limited cell responses such as respiratory burst in neutrophils and degranulation in platelets. Recent finding of a potent and selective inhibitor of PI 3-kinase, wortmannin, reported from three independent groups including us, gave a new and powerful tool not only to confirm the suggested functions but also to reveal new functions of PI 3-kinase such as histamine release from antigen-stimulated mast cells/basophils and glucose uptake in insulin-stimulated adipocytes. Nearly one hundred papers which describe the action of wortmannin on various cells have been reported during one year after the publication of the discovery of wortmannin as PI 3-kinase inhibitor, suggesting possible involvement of the enzyme in the diverse cell responses besides cell proliferation.
Androstadienes↗
Ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor attenuates NaCl enhancement of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
The effects of combined administration of NaCl and the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) inhibitor 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP) on the incidence and number of gastric cancers induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and on the ODC activity of the gastric wall and the labeling index of the gastric mucosa were investigated in inbred Wistar rats. Rats were given drinking water with or without 2.5 g/l DAP and chow pellets with and without 10% NaCl ad libitum after 25 weeks of oral administration of MNNG. At week 52 feeding 10% NaCl resulted in significant increases in the incidence of gastric cancers, in the ODC activity of the antral portion of the gastric wall and in the labeling index of antral epithelial cells. Administration of both NaCl and DAP significantly reduced the enhancements by NaCl of gastric carcinogenesis, ODC activity of the antral wall and the labeling index of antral epithelial cells. These results suggest that inhibition of ODC attenuates NaCl enhancement of gastric carcinogenesis and that enhancement by NaCl of gastric carcinogenesis is mediated by polyamine biosynthesis.
Animals↗
An intracranial wooden foreign body without neurological findings: case report.
We encountered an unusual case of an intracranial wooden stick penetrating through the frontal bone, without remarkable neurological findings. That foreign body was shown to be a low-density area similar to an intracranial air pocket by a standard computed tomogram. Here we discuss the potential hazards of intracranial wooden foreign bodies and emphasize the necessity for special attention to them during radiologic examination.
Brain Injuries↗
A clinical and histologic comparison between free temporoparietal and scapular fascial flaps.
It is universally accepted that the fascial flap is one of the best reconstructive strategies for contour and tendon-gliding function. In this study we compare the free temporoparietal fascial flap (n = 20) and the free scapular fascial flap (n = 6) mainly for these reconstructions and discuss their characteristics, including different clinical applications and histologic examination. Our histologic analysis reveals that the free temporoparietal fascial flap has a potential like a muscle flap; moreover, it is very thin. The free scapular fascial flap is very rich in adipose tissues to prevent adhesion between the flap and underlying tissues. Both flaps in our experience can bring satisfaction to the recipient site, but the donor site of the free temporoparietal fascial flap sometimes suffers from conspicuous widened scars in short-haired patients, and the scapular fascia has a tendency to be thicker in obese patients. Therefore, we recommend using the free temporoparietal fascial flap for women, who tend to have more fat and longer hair, and the free scapular fascial flap for men, who tend to be lean and shorten their side hair.
Adolescent↗
Effects of nine active ingredients in Chinese herbal medicine sho-saiko-to on 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide mutagenicity.
The antimutagenic effects of nine active compounds in the Chinese herbal medicine "sho-saiko-to" on mutagenesis induced by a direct-acting mutagen, 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2) were investigated in Salmonella typhimurium, strain TA100. The active compounds examined were classified into two major groups, saponins and flavonoids, the former comprising glycyrrhizin, saikosaponins a, c, and d, and ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1, and the latter, baicalin, baicalein and wogonin. Saikosaponin a and ginsenoside Rb1 were found to reduce the mutagenicity of AF-2 significantly when applied post-AF-2-treatment in the Salmonella mutagenicity assay. Ginsenoside Rb1 also decreased the mutagenic activity of AF-2 in a simultaneous treatment protocol. The results indicate that saikosaponin a and ginsenoside Rb1 may enhance DNA repair, and ginsenoside Rb1 may also have the ability to inactivate the mutagenic activity of AF-2 directly. On the other hand, saikosaponin d and baicalin showed a slight enhancing effect. None of the compounds, except baicalein, showed any toxic effect on the test strain. These findings may be useful for the development of chemopreventive agents.
Animals↗
Establishment of a human hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma cell line (KMC-2) and its response to cytokines.
A human hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma cell line (KMC-2) was established from a serially transplanted tumor in nude mice (nuKMC-2), which originated from human cholangio-cellular carcinoma and showed histological alteration from adenocarcinoma to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) along with serial transplantation. KMC-2 cells in monolayer culture proliferated in a sheet-like arrangement with a population doubling time of 29.5 h, whereas the cells in 0.1% collagen gel embedded culture formed a compact and tubular structure with the population doubling time of 35.4 h. The cells secreted carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), tissue polypeptide antigen and SCC-related antigen. The back-transplanted nude mouse tumor exhibited morphologic features of adenosquamous carcinoma resembling those in the original nude mouse tumor. IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha suppressed cell proliferation significantly. Functionally, IFN-gamma significantly suppressed CA19-9 secretion, and conversely promoted SCC-related antigen secretion. These findings suggest that KMC-2 is the first human hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma cell line primarily originated from adenocarcinoma; the environmental factors, such as the presence of extracellular matrix and the cytokines influenced the growth, morphology and function of KMC-2.
Animals↗
Intracameral ascorbic acid, glutathione and protein levels in albino and pigmented rabbits.
We performed a comparative investigation into differences between albino and pigmented rabbits in respect of intracameral concentrations of ascorbic acid, glutathione and total protein with high-performance liquid chromatography. The intracameral concentrations of reduced ascorbic acid, total ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, total glutathione and protein in albino rabbits were similar (p > 0.05) to those in pigmented rabbits.
Animals↗
Molecular diversity and functional characterization of voltage-dependent calcium channels (CACN4) expressed in pancreatic beta-cells.
Dihydropyridine-sensitive voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC) play a crucial role in insulin secretion. We recently have cloned a human alpha 1-subunit of the VDCC expressed in pancreatic beta-cells, designated CACN4. In this study we have isolated complementary DNAs encoding two forms of rat CACN4 (rCACN4A and rCACN4B) from a rat insulinoma RINm5F complementary DNA library. Rat CACN4A is a protein of 2203 amino acids and is the rat homolog of human CACN4, whereas rCACN4B lacks 535 amino acids in the carboxyl-terminal region, probably due to alternative splicing. We have found two additional variations, one in the intracellular loop between repeats I and II and the other in the extracellular region between the third and fourth segments of repeat IV. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of rat pancreatic islet messenger RNA reveals that these variants are present in pancreatic islets. In addition, whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings of Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing the alpha 1-subunit (rCACN4A or rCACN4B) with or without the calcium channel beta 2-subunit show that coexpression of rCACN4A with the beta 2-subunit or rCACN4B with the beta 2-subunit elicits L-type VDCC currents, whereas expression of the alpha 1-subunit alone does not, indicating that CACN4 can associate functionally with the beta 2-subunit and that the beta-subunit is essential for functional expression of CACN4. These results suggest that there are various subtypes of CACN4 expressed in pancreatic beta-cells, and that both rCACN4A and rCACN4B can function as VDCC. Furthermore, the present study suggests that the expression of the beta-subunit as well as the alpha 1-subunit may participate in the regulation of insulin secretion.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Decline in maximal oxygen uptake on work performance in rats during the developmental phase.
Development-related changes in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and work performance were examined in young sedentary rats 4-11 weeks after birth during exercise. The running speed to elicit VO2max increased from 4 to 8 weeks of age, whereas the exercise VO2max declined progressively. Therefore, the work performance during the developmental phase, when rapid growth occurs, seems to be little related to the decline in the relative VO2 max.
Aging↗
Ruptured dissecting aneurysm of the peripheral anterior cerebral artery--case report.
A 27-year-old male presented with intracranial hemorrhage due to rupture of an idiopathic dissecting aneurysm in the A4 segment of the left anterior cerebral artery (ACA). This is a very rare location. He was successfully treated by resection of the aneurysm without neurological deficits. Surgical intervention is recommended for patients with intracranial hemorrhage due to ruptured dissecting aneurysm of the ACA to prevent rebleeding.
Adult↗
Hormone receptors in pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis.
Biochemical assays have demonstrated the existence of hormone receptors in lung tissue from patients with pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM). This finding is the biologic corollary to the finding that LAM responds to hormonal therapy. We have examined lung tissue from two patients with LAM for estrogen and progesterone receptors by immunohistochemistry and a biochemical assay. Although specimens from both patients were negative for estrogen receptor activity by the biochemical assay, positive stain of estrogen receptors was observed in both patients with immunohistochemistry.
Adult↗
Osteogenesis in xenogeneic bone transplantation, using an immunosuppressant. Rabbit-rat experiments.
We investigated osteogenesis and lymphocyte subsets in xenogeneic bone transplantation, using the immunosuppressant FK506 (FK). Iliac bones of rabbits were transplanted as fresh and frozen xenogeneic bone grafts into an intramuscular pouch of rats. FK was injected intramuscularly in half of the rats in a dose of 3 mg/kg/day for 14 days after transplantation. At 2, 4, and 8 weeks, transplanted grafts and the lymphocyte subsets of these rats were examined. In the group not given FK, the grafted bone became necrotic and infiltrated with small round cells around the trabeculae. In the FK group, at 2 and 4 weeks, new bone was formed in the fresh xenografts without infiltration of lymphocytes. At 8 weeks, the new bone became necrotic and lymphocytes were present. The percentage of T cells (CD 5), B cells and the ratio of CD 4 cells/CD 8 cells were smaller in the FK group. Using an immunosuppressant we concluded that xenogeneic bone has an osteogeneic potency.
Animals↗
MS-444, a new inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase from Micromonospora sp. KY7123.
A novel compound MS-444 was isolated from the culture broth of a bacterial strain KY7123. The strain was identified as Micromonospora sp. from its morphological and cultural characteristics. The compound inhibited the activity of purified smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase with an IC50 value of 10 microM. The production, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities of MS-444 were described in this paper.
Animals↗
Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
We investigated the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in ex vivo human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and in vitro in eight liver cancer cell lines, including six HCC cell lines and two combined hepatocholangiocarcinoma (CHC) cell lines. Immunohistochemistry showed the expression of ICAM-1 on the HCC cell surface with honeycomblike appearance in most cases (96.2%). On the other hand, hepatocytes in noncancerous areas did not express ICAM-1, except those hepatocytes in the periportal and intra-acinar areas with inflammation. Immunohistochemical study on cultured cells revealed that four cultured HCC cell lines and one CHC cell line constitutively expressed ICAM-1 on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that immunostain-positive cells expressed surface ICAM-1 with more than a 90% positive cell rate, and their expressions were upregulated by incubation of cells with inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon alfa, interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin 1 beta. Soluble ICAM-1 was detected in supernatants of cell lines expressing cell surface ICAM-1 expression, and was increased in amounts 2- to 20-fold by inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggest that liver cancer cells in ex vivo may express not only surface but also a soluble form of ICAM-1, differently from normal hepatocytes, and that both expressions are upregulated by inflammatory cytokines.
Blotting, Western↗