Immunosuppressive effect of FTY 720 on autoimmune diabetes models.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
H Yan
Publications and source records attributed to H Yan.
Origin, occurrence, and function of microchimeric cells: V. Quantitative aspects of microchimerism following pancreaticoduodenal transplantation model in rats.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Clonal expansion of T lymphocyte lineage cells in microchimeric cells.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Visual field defect after pars plana vitrectomy.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to report the occurrence of visual field defects after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for the treatment of each of the following conditions: macular hole (MH), subretinal neovascular membrane (SRNVM), and epiretinal membrane proliferation (EMP). This study also aimed to speculate on the pathogenic mechanisms for the observed field defects. DESIGN: Noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 48 subjects (50 eyes). Twenty-one of the 50 eyes had stage III MH, 13 eyes had SRNVM, and 16 eyes had EMP. TESTING: Goldmann kinetic perimetry was performed postoperatively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Visual field defects. RESULTS: Nine (18%) of the 50 eyes had visual field defects. Four (19%) of the 21 eyes with MH and 5 (38%) of the 13 eyes with SRNVM had visual field defects. Of the 16 patients who had epiretinal membrane peeling, none had a visual field defect. An air-fluid exchange had been performed in all patients found to have a postvitrectomy field defect. The difference in rate of visual field defects in eyes that had air-fluid exchange (EMP group) was statistically significant (P < 0.05, chi-square). No significant correlation was found between visual field defect and preoperative intraocular pressure, postoperative intraocular pressure, patient's age, and iatrogenic detachment of the vitreous cortex. The field defects identified were altitudinal (2 eyes), baring of the blind spot (1 eye), inferotemporal (3 eyes), inferonasal (2 eyes), and superonasal (1 eye). CONCLUSIONS: Central and peripheral visual field defects may occur after PPV for the treatment of MHs or SRNVMs. Air-fluid exchange procedure was the common denominator in all of the patients found to have visual field deficit. The etiology is likely to be trauma to the optic nerve region during the air-fluid exchange procedure.
Adult↗
Construction and characterisation of Salmonella typhimurium aroA simultaneously expressing the five pertussis toxin subunits.
Pertussis toxin (PT) is a major protective antigen of Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. Current vaccines against whooping cough are administered parenterally, and generate a systemic immune response. An alternative to this approach is to stimulate mucosal and systemic immune responses by oral immunisation with live vaccine strains of Salmonella spp. We have individually expressed the five PT subunits in Salmonella typhimurium aroA and subsequently expressed a synthetic pertussis toxin operon (pDP16), via the use of a temperature inducible expression system. In S. typhimurium aroA containing individual subunit expression plasmids the S5 subunit was found to be completely processed, while all other subunits were partially processed. In S. typhimurium aroA (pDP16) S5 was completely processed, S1 was partially processed, whilst S2, S3 and S4 remained unprocessed. Induction of the synthetic PT operon decreased the in vitro invasiveness of S. typhimurium aroA, compared to vector-only and plasmid-less strains. Following oral immunisation of Balb/c mice with S. typhimurium aroA (pDP16), statistically significant IgG (p < 0.05) specific to PT was detected in the serum of mice. Nonetheless, despite a statistically significant anti-PT serum antibody response in immunised mice, vaccination with S. typhimurium aroA (pDP16) failed to protect mice from virulent challenge.
Administration, Oral↗
Radial keratotomy for residual myopia after photorefractive keratectomy.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and complications of radial keratotomy (RK) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia. SETTING: Laser Ultravision Institute. Montreal, Canada. METHODS: Surgically induced refractive and visual acuity changes were retrospectively evaluated in 14 eyes of 10 patients treated with RK after PRK. All patients had simple myopia or compound myopic astigmatism. Minimum follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS: Three eyes (21%) had one PRK, 7 (50%) had two treatments, and 4 (29%) had three. Eleven eyes (79%) required four-incision RK and 3 (21%), eight-incision RK. All patients had improved uncorrected visual acuity. Six months after the RK retreatment, there was a significant reduction in spherical equivalent of 2.93 diopters +/- 1.53 (SD) (P < .05). No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred except overcorrection (two cases). CONCLUSION: Radial keratotomy is an effective, safe method for treating undercorrected myopia after PRK. Further study and analysis of this series of patients are planned.
Adult↗
Replication focus-forming activity 1 and the Werner syndrome gene product.
The initiation of DNA replication involves a minimum of four factors: a specific DNA sequence (origin), an initiator protein which binds to the origin, a helicase that unwinds the origin and a protein that binds single-stranded DNA that stabilizes the unwound origin. In eukaryotic cells, the origin recognition complex (ORC) is the initiator protein and replication protein A (RPA; ref. 3) is the single-stranded DNA-binding protein. However, the helicase has not been identified and the nature of origins remains elusive, except in the case of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A unique feature of eukaryotic DNA replication is that it occurs at a few-hundred discrete foci. It has thus been proposed that a real origin must contain a specific DNA sequence and must be attached to replication foci. Using Xenopus laevis egg extracts, we have identified and purified a 170-kD protein, focus-forming activity 1 (FFA-1), which is required for the formation of replication foci. Here we report that FFA-1 has DNA-helicase activity. Moreover, it is a homologue of the human Werner syndrome gene product WRN, a protein associated with premature ageing in humans.
Adenosine Triphosphate↗
An improved algorithm for rotational motion artifact suppression in MRI.
An improved algorithm for planar rotational motion artifact suppression in standard two-dimensional Fourier transform magnetic resonance images is presented. It is shown that interpolation of acquired view data on the uncorrupted k-space create data overlap and void regions. We present a method of managing overlap data regions, using weighted averaging of redundant data. The weights are assigned according to a priority ranking based on the minimum distance between the data set and the k-space grid points. An iterative estimation technique for filling the data void regions, using projections onto convex sets (POCS), is also described. The method has been successfully tested using computer simulations.
Algorithms↗
A preliminary analysis of incidence of dementia in Shanghai, China.
The incidence of dementia based on DSM-III criteria and the impact of age and education on the development of dementia using the data of a longitudinal community population survey is discussed. Study subjects were randomly sampled from the community and were assessed by a two-stage procedure twice during a 5-year period. The screening instrument was the Mini-Mental State Examination and the second stage measures include a medical history and physical examination, a neurological examination and an intensive neuropsychiatric interview and testings (i.e. Blessed Dementia Scale, Activity of Daily Living, Fuld Object Memory Test and Block Design Test. All identified cases from the second stage interview were further verified by computed tomographic scan and laboratory tests. A total of 1970 subjects of non-dementia aged 65 or older in 1987 were re-surveyed after 5 years, of whom 114 new cases of dementia were identified. The incidence of dementia in total was 1.15% annually, 0.98% for males and 1.27% for females. The incidence for Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and dementia by other causes was 0.74, 0.33 and 0.08%, respectively. The highest rate (2.02%) was found in illiterate individuals. The incidence of dementia in the Shanghai cohort is similar to that from other countries. Age and education are closely related to the occurrence of dementia. While age increases by each 5 years for those aged 65 and over the likelihood of developing dementia increases nearly one-fold (74%). Education shows great protective effect on the development of dementia. The non-educated has a higher risk of suffering from dementia than does the educated.
Aged↗
Group psychoeducation of relatives of schizophrenic patients: two-year experiences.
In order to assess the feasibility and acceptability of group psychosocial education for the relatives of schizophrenics in the community, a 2-year project was carried out in two cities: Jinan and Shanghai, China. The completed sample included 682 cases in the experimental group and 366 cases in the control group. The experimental group received group psychotherapy including 14 lectures and five group discussions with conventional services, and the control group had conventional services only. The annual relapse rate in the experimental group was much lower than that in the control group (17.6 and 23.2%, P < 0.01) and the rate of regular work in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (37.5 and 30.0%, P < 0.05). At the end of the second year, the relatives in the experimental group had less care burden, better mental and physical health status and more knowledge of caring for schizophrenics than those in the control group. This approach was well accepted by both mental health workers and relatives of schizophrenics and the rate of drop-out was 18.4% only during the 2-year period.
Adult↗
Antibiotic activities and affinities for bacterial cell wall analogue of N-demethylvancomycin and its derivatives.
N-Demethylvancomycin, which has been clinically used in China, is one member of vancomycin group (glycopeptide) antibiotics. It differs from vancomycin only in that methyl group on the amino group of the N-terminal residue of vancomycin has been replaced by H. By reductive alkylation of N-demethylvancomycin, we synthesized N-alkyl and N,N'-dialkyl N-demethylvancomycins, which closely correlated with vancomycin in structure. The association constants of the complexes of N-demethylvancomycin and its analogues with di-N-Ac-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala and the antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus of the glycopeptides were determined. Results showed that N-demethylvancomycin has higher affinity for bacterial cell wall analogue di-N-Ac-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala and more potent antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus than vancomycin. Both N-alkylation and N,N'-dialkylation of N-demethylvancomycin reduced the affinity and antibiotic activity. The longer the alkyl groups, the less potent antibiotic activities and lower affinities have the glycopeptides. The antibiotic activities against Staphylococcus aureus of N-demethylvancomycin and its analogues roughly parallel their affinities for di-N-Ac-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala.
Alkylation↗
[Change of level of basic fibroblast growth factor in serum of rats with chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension].
To evaluate the role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, 30 wistar rats were divided into hypoxic group and control group. Rat models with chronic hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension were established. The mean pulmonary artery pressure and the ratio of free wall of the right ventricular weight to the weight of the left ventricle septum were measured. The Level of bFGF in serum of rats with chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension was determined quantitatively by ELISA. Expresion of bFGF mRNA in lung, heart, brain and kidney of rats was observed by in situ hybridization using digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probe. The result showed that the mPAP, the ratio of free wall of the right ventricular weight to the weight of the left ventricle plus septum, and the concentration of bFGF in serum were 3.96 +/- 0.47 kPa, 0.33% +/- 0.023%, 35.9 +/- 23.5 pg.ml-1 in rats exposed to hypoxia for 3 weeks, respectively; all were significantly higher than those in control group. Expression of bFGF mRNA in the wall pulmonary arterioles of rats with hypoxia was stronger than that of control group, but changes of expression of bFGF mRNA in heart, brain and kindey of rats were not observed. These suggest that bFGF takes part in reconstruction of pulmonary arterioles wall in chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and bFGF in serum may be one of mechanism of modulating the structure remodeling of pulmonary arterioles.
Animals↗
[Changes in the contents of membrane phospholipid and membrane phospholipid asymmetry in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient erythrocyte].
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of G6PD deficiency on membrane phospholipid structures. METHODS: Treatment of intact erythrocyte with phospholipase A2 was used for the membrane phospholipid asymmetry. Membrane phospholipid was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: The contents of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS) were 5.18 +/- 1.86, 1.51 +/- 0.58 and 5.70 +/- 1.91 mg/mg membrane protein, respectively, in G6PD deficient erythrocytes and were 5.59 +/- 1.16, 2.92 +/- 0.50 and 6.64 +/- 0.92 mg/mg membrane protein, respectively, in normal erythrocytes. In normal erythrocytes, 17.6% +/- 2.5% PE and 57.9% +/- 4.7% PC were present and no PS was found on the outer leaflet of the membrane. While in G6PD deficient ones, 30.2% +/- 5.7% PE, 53.8% +/- 7.4% PC and 27.2% +/- 5.8% PS were present on the outer leaflet. CONCLUSION: Membrane phospholipid changes in G6PD deficient erythrocytes might be one of the factors causing hemolysis.
Erythrocyte Membrane↗
[Clinical and experimental studies on treating infantile pneumonia with Feiyan Mixture].
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Feiyan Mixture (FYM) in treating infantile pneumonia and its mechanism. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-eight patients were treated with FYM, the effect was observed and compared with those treated with antibiotics as control. Systematic clinical observation and animal experimental studies on the FYM were carried out. RESULTS: The effective rates of FYM and antibiotics were 89.0% and 94.73% respectively and no significant difference was found between two groups, chi 2 = 2.838, P > 0.05. Experimental study showed that FYM was effective in anti-inflammation, antitussiveness, expectoration and spasmolysis. CONCLUSIONS: FYM has obvious effect of anti-inflammation, antitussiveness, expectoration and spasmolysis.
Adolescent↗
[Clinical application of combined acupuncture-drug anesthesia in cerebral functional area operation].
OBJECTIVE: To reach for higher tumor resection rate and low incidence of disability by operation with combined acupuncture-drug anesthesia in cerebral functional area. METHODS: According to the different operation ways, two groups of combination of body-acupuncture and ear-acupuncture were adopted. RESULTS: Satisfactory effect was obtained in all the 80 patients, including 20 cases in language center and 60 in sensory and motor center. The anesthesia grade 1 rate was 100%. After operation, no aggravation in dysphasia or dysfunction was found, 5 cases showed aggravation on myasthenia and dysesthesia, but all recovered within 2-4 weeks. CONCLUSION: Operation with combined acupuncture-drug anesthesia might result high tumor resection rate and low incidence of disability, therefore, this method of anesthesia could be regarded as one of the routine anesthesia methods.
Acupuncture Analgesia↗
[Angiographic observation of immediate effect of electric pulse stimulation at Zhiyang point on coronary artery].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate angiographical diameter and pressure changes of coronary artery and heart rate in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) or suspected CHD immediately after electric pulse stimulation of Zhiyang (Du. 9) point. METHODS: Twenty-four patients including 21 males and 3 females with an average age of 48.7 years. Parameters of electric pulse stimulation were as follows: the positive pulse range was 440 V, the negative pulse range was 160 V, the cycle was 8 ms, frequency was 125 Hz, the positive pulse width was 0.8 ms, the negative was 0.4 ms, and the output voltage 9 V. Coronary arteriography was performed by using Judkins technique, and intracoronary pressure with heart rate and any response of patients to the stimulation were recorded pre- and post-stimulation for 90 seconds. The relative diameter of left main coronary artery (LMCA), left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex coronary artery (LCx), and right coronary artery (RCA) before and after the stimulation was measured in the same magnification and their results with recordings of intracoronary pressure and heart rate was analyzed. RESULTS: A mild dilation effect was observed in all coronary arteries with an average dilation of 8.3% (6.3%-15%) in LMCA, 7.7% (5%-11.8%) in LAD, 8.5% (6.7%-11.1%) in LCx, and 9.1% (6.1%-13.3%) in RCA. No significant difference was found in the change of the diameter of LMCA, LAD, LCx and RCA before and after the stimulation and between them. No significant change of an intracoronary pressure was shown in three patients, an increase of intracoronary systolic and diastolic pressure by 36% and 13% was identified in one, and a decrease by 21% and 31% in another patient. Heart rate was decreased by 2.3% in those five patients. CONCLUSIONS: Electric pulse stimulation of Zhiyang point could immediately produce mild dilation effect on coronary arteries, slight decrease on the heart rate, and different effects was produced in intracoronary pressure.
Acupuncture Points↗
[Changes in cerebral circulation function during head down bed rest for 7 days].
To further understand the effects and regulation of brain circulation before, during and after short-term -6 degrees head down bed rest (HDT), 6 healthy young men aged 19-21 years, were subjected to HDT for 7 d. Cerebral blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral arteries of both sides was measured with a TC2000TCD instrument in 6 young adults before, during, and after 7d HDT. The results showed that cerebral blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral arteries increased throughout HDT, the increase was obvious in 24 h. They reached the highest value at the 4th hour and the lowest value on the 5 th day, and then, there were a tendency to rise on the 6th day and 7th day. The changes were about the same on both sides.
Adult↗
[Study on HCMV replication in gene transtecfed cells].
Five gene transfected cells (GTC: A5, B3, D3, G8 and H3) were generated by DNA (from HEP-2) transfer (into HEL). Chromosome number of the transfectants fell between that of HEL and the combined chromosome number of the two cell lines. D3 showed more positive fluorescence cells than A5, B3, G8 and H3 by 4d after infection of HCMV. As HCMV infection dose was increased from 0.1 to 100 PFU/ml, significant increase of viral production was observed. The similar susceptibility to HCMV was shown in different passages of D3. The immortal D3 may provide a tool to analyze host cell factors controlling the transcription and replication of HCMV.
Cell Line↗