Evidence for radiosensitive regulatory T cells that constitute peripheral microchimerism after pancreaticoduodenal transplantation.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
H Yan
Publications and source records attributed to H Yan.
Quantitative aspects of microchimerism after rat small bowel and pancreaticoduodenal transplantation.
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Animals↗
Increase in desulfurization activity of Rhodococcus erythropolis KA2-5-1 using ethanol feeding.
Rhodococcus erythropolis KA2-5-1 is one of the best strains for the desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) via a sulfur-specific pathway in which DBT is converted to the end product, 2-hydroxybiphenyl, by releasing sulfite via DBT-sulfone and 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzene sulphinate. The objective of this research is to develop a culture method in order to attain a high cell density with a high level of specific desulfurization activity. Compared with glucose or glycerol, ethanol was found to be a preferable carbon source for obtaining a high specific activity (SA) of desulfurization. When the amount of DBT fed was restricted by feeding 2.9 mg-DBT/g-ethanol solution, the maximum SA and final cell concentration were 135.5 (mmol-2HBP/kg-dry cell weight-h) and 37 (g-dry cell weight/l), respectively. On the other hand, when glucose or glycerol was used as a carbon source, the SA was lower than 50 (mM-2HBP/kg-dry cell weight-h) and the final cell concentration was also lower than 27 (g-dry cell weight/l). The activities of the desulfurization enzymes in R. erythropolis KA2-5-1 grown on ethanol were remarkably higher than when the strain was grown on glucose or glycerol. It was also suggested that NADH, which is produced by the biochemical reaction of NAD with ethanol catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase, might contribute to the conversion of FMN to FMNH2, which is a coenzyme for the activities of desulfurization enzymes.
Journal Article↗
Letter to the editor: 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments of Aquifex aeolicus shikimate kinase in complex with the substrate shikimate.
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Bacteria↗
Affinity adsorbents for the vancomycin group of antibiotics.
The vancomycin group of antibiotics kill Gram-positive bacteria by binding to nascent bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan bearing the C-terminal sequence-D-Ala-D-Ala. In this paper, affinity adsorbents for the vancomycin group of antibiotics were prepared by immobilizing the peptidoglycan analogues -D-Ala-D-Ala, -succinyl-D-Ala and -succinyl-Gly on to crosslinked poly(N, N-dimethylacrylamide). The adsorption capacities of the three adsorbents for demethylvancomycin were 0.59, 0.35 and 0.29 mmol/g, respectively. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent with-D-Ala-D-Ala for vancomycin was 0.53 mmol/g. In contrast, the adsorbent bearing -succinyl-L-Ala hardly adsorbed demethylvancomycin. Aqueous sodium carbonate (0.4 M)/acetonitrile (7/3, v/v) completely desorbed demethylvancomycin adsorbed on the adsorbents.
Adsorption↗
Results of treatment of 33 patients with peritoneal mesothelioma.
BACKGROUND: Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare peritoneal malignancy, representing approximately one-third of all mesotheliomas. It is regarded as a universally fatal cancer with few treatment options. METHODS: Records of 33 patients with peritoneal mesothelioma were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic, clinical and quantitative prognostic indicators were evaluated and analysed statistically using survival as endpoint. Patients were treated by a uniform strategy involving cytoreductive surgery with peritonectomy procedures and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (cisplatin, doxorubicin). RESULTS: There were ten women and 23 men; mean age was 53.0 years. Asbestos exposure was recorded in five patients and a family history of cancer in 13. Presentation was mainly abdominal distension and pain. Median survival was 31.0 months; overall projected survival at 3 years was 56 per cent. The most significant positive predictive factors of survival were: female sex (P= 0.003), low prior surgical score (P=0.002), completeness of cytoreduction (P=0.0002) and second-look surgery (P=0.019). The morbidity rate for this combined treatment was 33 per cent and the perioperative mortality rate was 3 per cent. CONCLUSION: Although peritoneal mesothelioma is rare, progress in its management has occurred. Survival has been extended and selection factors by which patients may be allocated to aggressive management strategies have been defined.
Adolescent↗
Isolation and identification of the group B streptococcal toxin CM101 from infants with sepsis.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the group B streptococcal (GBS) polysaccharide exotoxin CM101, which induces a complement-activated cytokine-driven inflammatory response, is present in body fluids of infants with GBS disease. STUDY DESIGN: With a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, CM101 was measured in plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid from newborn infants who were evaluated for possible infection and from older infants with culture-confirmed GBS disease. RESULTS: Urine from 11 newborn infants with culture-confirmed early-onset disease contained large amounts of CM101 (1.0 to 5.5 mg/48 h). Plasma concentrations were 62.6 +/- 10.5 microg/mL in these infants and were 69.0 +/- 21.2 microg/mL in 4 older infants with late-onset disease. Plasma CM101 concentrations did not correlate with indexes of illness severity, leukocyte counts, or interleukin-6 or interleukin-8 plasma concentrations. CM101 was present in cerebrospinal fluid of 5 infants with meningitis (8.4 +/- 1.6 microg/mL). CM101 was not found in control samples. CM101 isolated from urine had molecular weight and sugar composition similar to those obtained from GBS culture media, and they both elicited a comparable pathophysiologic response when infused intravenously in lambs. CONCLUSIONS: CM101 is present in infants with GBS disease, and it appears to be the same as CM101 obtained from GBS culture media.
Animals↗
Interactions of bacterial cationic peptide antibiotics with outer and cytoplasmic membranes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Polymyxins B and E1 and gramicidin S are bacterium-derived cationic antimicrobial peptides. The polymyxins were more potent than gramicidin S against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with MICs of 0.125 to 0. 25 and 8 microg/ml, respectively. These peptides differed in their affinities for binding to lipopolysaccharide, but all were able to permeabilize the outer membrane of wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain H103, suggesting differences in their mechanisms of self-promoted uptake. Gramicidin S caused rapid depolarization of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane at concentrations at which no killing was observed within 30 min, whereas, conversely, the concentrations of the polymyxins that resulted in rapid killing resulted in minimal depolarization. These data indicate that the depolarization of the cytoplasmic membrane by these peptides did not correlate with bacterial cell lethality.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Identification and chromosomal location of a new tandemly repeated DNA in maize.
Two clones of a new family of tandemly repeated DNA sequences have been isolated from a maize random genomic DNA library. MR68 is 410 bp, representing a monomeric unit and MR77 is 1222 bp, containing three units. The copy number was estimated to be about 3000 per 1C maize genome. Its methylation pattern was also determined. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) indicates that the sequence is located on the subtelomeric region of the long arm of chromosomes 3 and 6, as well as on the satellite of chromosome 6.
Base Sequence↗
[Effects of Ca2+, ABA and H3PO4 on relaxing stress of Na2CO3 and NaCl].
Two groups of Aneurolepidium chinense seedlings were stressed by 300 mmol.L-1 NaCl and 100 mmol.L-1 Na2CO3, respectively and the effect of ABA, Ca2+ and H3PO4 on relaxing their stress was studied. The results show that external Ca2+, ABA and H3PO4 could obviously mitigat the inhibitory effect of NaCl and NaCO3 on seedling growth. In the treatment of Na2CO3, praying it on leaves had a better effect than root-irrigating, while in the treatment of NaCl, there was no significant difference. The effect of Ca(NO3)2 was much better than that of CaCl2, and of mingling CaCl2 and ABA had a much better effect than CaCl2 or ABA alone.
Abscisic Acid↗
[Expression and clinical significance of p53 protein and p21(WAF1) in non-small-cell lung carcinoma].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships between expression of tumor suppressor gene p53 protein, p21(WAF1), clinicopathology and prognosis in human non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). METHODS: SP immunohistochemistry performed in all cases. RESULTS: One hundred forty-seven resected NSCLC were examined. There were 63 squamous cell carcinomas, 66 adenocarcinomas, 14 adenosquamous carcinomas and 4 large cell carcinomas. Overall 90 (61.2%) of the 147 cases had positive p53 staining. The positive ratios of p53 overexpression of squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, adenosquamous carcinomas and large cell carcinomas were 63.5% (40/63), 57.6% (38/66), 71.4% (10/14) and 50% (2/4) respectively. The average positive ratio of p21(WAF1) expression was 40.1% (59/147) in lung carcinoma. The positive ratios of p21(WAF1) expression of squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, adenosquamous carcinomas and large cell carcinomas were 41.3% (26/63), 42.4% (28/66), 28.6% (4/14) and 25% (1/4) respectively. Over expression of p53 protein was associated with prognosis of the patients with adenocarcinomas. The positive ratio of p53 expression in over 3 year survival patients was 75% (21/28) and in less than 3 year survival, 44.7% (17/38) (P < 0.025). The positive expression of p21(WAF1) was related to prognosis of NSCLC. The ratio of 3-year survival (64.4%) in p21(WAF1) positive NSCLC was much higher than in p21(WAF1) negative patients (46.6%) (P < 0.05). Prognosis of patients with p53 positive but p21(WAF1) negative expression was poorer than those with p53 negative and p21(WAF1) positive NSCLC (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that over expression of p53 in adenocarcinomas could be used as a prognostic factor for patients. p21(WAF1) is of protein has a definite value in judging the prognosis in NSCLC. Combined expression of p53 and p21(WAF1) can be used as the prognostic markers in NSCLC and are of significance in estimating the prognosis of patients.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Establishment and biological characteristics of a novel erythroleukemia cell line (HIE1)].
OBJECTIVE: To establish a novel leukemia cell line and characterize its biological characteristics. METHOD: The cell line was established by liquid cell culture. The genetic marker was analyzed by R-banding and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), cell morphology by microscopy, electron microscopy and histochemical staining, cell surface antigen by monoclonal antibody, hemoglobin by hyperomethemoglobin measurement and electrophoresis, erythroid differentiation by benzidine-staining, and monocyte-macrophage differentiation by cell morphology and phagocytosis. RESULTS: A novel erythroleukemia cell line (HIE1), with original cell genetic marker (Ph chromosome, bcr/abl fusion gene rearrangement), was established from a CML patient in blast crisis, and has been passaged for over 60 generations. Myelomonocyte marker and hemoglycoprotein A were found on the cell surface. HIE1 cells contained hemoglobin, the same HbA and HbA(2) bands as in normal individuals were displayed by Hb electrophoresis. The benzidine positive HIE1 cells were induced after exposure to 3.6 x 10(-4) mmol/L Ara-C. When HIE1 cells were treated with 100 ng/ml PMA for 3 days, one third of the cells became spindle in shape, and 6.5% of the cells exert phagocytosis. The cells were classified into two types with Wright-staining: one showing light blue cytoplasm and a few of cells with basophilic granules, the other showing dark blue cytoplasm with vacuoles and pseudopods without granules. In addition, POX, SB, CE stains were negative, and AE, PAS, ACP stains positive. Colony formation of the cells was 37%, the cell doubling time was 22 - 24 hrs, and EB virus detection was positive. CONCLUSION: A novel erythroleukemia cell line with bcr/abl fusion gene and characteristics of myelomonocytic and erythroid cells was established.
Cell Differentiation↗
[Clinical observation on operation of cerebral speech area under combined acupuncture-drug anesthesia].
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of combined acupuncture-drug anesthesia (CADA) in neurosurgical operation of cerebral speech area. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with tumor close to the speech area underwent neurosurgical operation under CADA or general anesthesia were observed, and the post-operational language function protecting effect was analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 15 patients accepted CADA, total tumor resection was achieved in 9 cases, and subtotal or partial resection achieved in 6 due to their tumor too close to the speech area. No post-operational complication such as dysphasia or aggravation of functional disorder was found in the patients. In the 10 cases underwent general anesthesia, 7 had tumor total resection, 3 had partial resection, and 3 cases suffered from post-operational dysphasia. CONCLUSION: CADA is helpful in speech area judgement in neurosurgical operation so as to avoid the operational injury on functional area. It is an important method of anesthesia in surgical operation on cerebral speech area.
Acupuncture Analgesia↗
[Changes of type I collagen in the lungs of rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension].
The changes of type I collagen in the lung tissues of rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) and its relationship to the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) were investigated. The blood dynamic indexes of pulmonary circulation were measured by using Swan-Ganz. The distribution of type I collagen in pulmonary arteries, bronchi and plumonary interstitial was observed by using streptavidin peroxidase method (SP). The morphologic changes of small pulmonary arteries and the level of type I collagen were determined by image pattern analysis technique and gray scale scanning, respectively. The results showed, compared with the controls, mPAP of the hypoxic rats elevated (from 2.12 +/- 0.25 to 3.95 +/- 0.43 kPa, P < 0.01), their small pulmonary arteries, walls thickened (MT% from 16.35 +/- 2.64 to 35.83 +/- 3.55, MA% from 26.83 +/- 3.40 to 59.68 +/- 4.90, P < 0.01) and lumen narrowed. The distribution of type I collagen was mainly in the external layer of pulmonary arterial walls; the positive degrees of gray scale scanning increased and had a positive linear relationship to the mPAP and MT%. These findings suggest that the increase of type I collagen contents in pulmonary arteries is closely related to the development of HPH.
Animals↗
[The recent progress on the role of alpha-crystallin as a molecular chaperone in cataractogenesis].
The alpha-crystallin is a major structural protein within the lens and consists of two types of subunit, alpha A and alpha B. These subunits propose a model for the quaternary structure of alpha-crystallin. It has been known for many years that its main function is to serve as a structural and refractive elements in lens. Until 1992, Horwitz suggested that alpha-crystallin could act in a chaperone-like manner. Many studies have showed that alpha-crystallin can protect enzymes and other crystallins against both chemically- and thermally-induced inactivation or aggregation, which may play an important role in maintaining transparency of lens. A polypeptide sequence of alpha A-crystallin or extension of alpha B-crystallin in C-terminal-region and hydrophobic N-terminal-region are all essential for chaperone function. A decrease in chaperone activity from nuclear crystallin has been showed in age-dependent fashion. Post-translational modifications occurring to alpha-crystallin with increasing age and during cataract formation may decrease the chaperone activity of alpha-crystallin to different extent, resulting in an increase in other crystallins aggregation and enzymes inactivation. Therefore, these aggregates will increase scattering of light and lead to lens opacification. Development of protective agents for molecular chaperone activity of alpha-crystallin, in conjunction with knowledge of decreasing post-translational modifications, could potentially lead to a new field for the research on pathogenesis and clinical treatment of cataract.
Animals↗
Protection against leptospirosis by immunization with plasmid DNA encoding 33 kDa endoflagellin of L. interrogans serovar lai.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how the efficacy of DNA inocutation affects the ability to raise protective immunity against Leptospira. METHODS: A pair of oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify the endoflagellar gene of L. interrogans sensu stricto serovar lai. An approximately 840bp fragment was generated with PCR and inserted into VR1012, a plasmid DNA expression vector, after the fragment and VR1012 were digested respectively with EcoRV and Sal I. A recombinant plasmid designated as VR1012+flaB2 was obtained. The vector, VR1012 consits of a pUC18 backbone with the cytomegalovirus (CMV) IE1 enhancer, promoter, and intron A, transcription regulatory elements and the BGH polyadenylation sequences driving the expressing of leptospiral endoflagellar gene of L. interrogans sensu stricto serovar lui. Plasmid encoding leptospiral endoflagellin gene was injected into quadriceps of NZW rabbits. RESULTS: This resulted in the generation of specific leptospiral antibody with high ELISA titer (1:32768) in the rabbits. Immuno/protection was performed in guinea pigs without adjuvant. The group "VR1012 + flaB2" showed higher survival rate (90%, 9/10 animals), compared with the group "VR1012 lack flaB2" and the group "normal saline". CONCLUSION: The technique of DNA vaccine has potential advantages over certain other vaccine preparation technologies. However whether DNA vaccine will be useful for vaccine development remains to be tested.
Animals↗
Rhodium-Induced Selective B(3)/B(6)-Disubstitution of ortho-Carborane-1,2-dithiolate.
The various reactive sites in the 16 e complex 1 invite addition reactions with alkynes. After addition of 2 to one of the Rh-S bonds, B-H activation takes place which finally leads to the complex 3, in which a B(3)/B(6)-disubstituted o-carborane cage is present for the first time.
Journal Article↗
Studies on treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide: remission induction, follow-up, and molecular monitoring in 11 newly diagnosed and 47 relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia patients.
Fifty-eight acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients (11 newly diagnosed and 47 relapsed) were studied for arsenic trioxide (As2O3) treatment. Clinical complete remission (CR) was obtained in 8 of 11 (72.7%) newly diagnosed cases. However, As2O3 treatment resulted in hepatic toxicity in 7 cases including 2 deaths, in contrast to the mild liver dysfunction in one third of the relapsed patients. Forty of forty-seven (85.1%) relapsed patients achieved CR. Two of three nonresponders showed clonal evolution at relapse, with disappearance of t(15;17) and PML-RARalpha fusion gene in 1 and shift to a dominant AML-1-ETO population in another, suggesting a correlation between PML-RARalpha expression and therapeutic response. In a follow-up of 33 relapsed cases over 7 to 48 months, the estimated disease-free survival (DFS) rates for 1 and 2 years were 63.6% and 41.6%, respectively, and the actual median DFS was 17 months. Patients with white blood cell (WBC) count below 10 x 10(9)/L at relapse had better survival than those with WBC count over 10 x 10(9)/L (P =.038). The duration of As2O3-induced CR was related to postremission therapy, because there was only 2 of 11 relapses in patients treated with As2O3 combined with chemotherapy, compared with 12 of 18 relapses with As2O3 alone (P =.01). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis in both newly diagnosed and relapsed groups showed long-term use of As2O3 could lead to a molecular remission in some patients. We thus recommend that ATRA be used as first choice for remission induction in newly diagnosed APL cases, whereas As2O3 can be either used as a rescue for relapsed cases or included into multidrug consolidation/maintenance clinical trials.
Adult↗