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Biomedical subjects

H Yamabe

Publications and source records attributed to H Yamabe.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Titers of Epstein-Barr virus-related antibodies in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Japan.

It is thought that nonkeratinizing or undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the nasopharynx (NPC) is intimately correlated with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). Twenty-one patients with NPC were followed in Kyoto University Hospital and 4 in Osaka Red Cross Hospital during the past 2 years from 1980 to 1981. These patients were classified histopathologically according to the WHO classification in 1978 and staged with the TNM classification in Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) in 1978. The incidence rate of NPC among the head and neck tumors was 5.6% in the authors' university from 1980 to 1981. The sex ratio of male to female was nearly equal. The mean age of NPC patients was 56.7 years. Sera from these 25 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were collected at intervals of 3 to 8 months over a 2-year period, and were examined for their spectra and titers of antibodies of EBV-related antigens. They were titrated for IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies to EB viral capsid antigen (VCA), for IgG and IgA antibodies to early antigen-DR component (EA) and for antibodies to EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA). All of these patients were primarily treated with radiation, while a few who did not respond to this therapy were subsequently treated with surgery or chemotherapy. EBV antibodies of VCA-IgG, -IgA, EA(DR)-IgG, and -IgA and EBNA were elevated in 73% and 90% of the nonkeratinizing and undifferentiated NPC patients, respectively. The VCA-IgM was elevated in almost none of the cases. In contrast to this, these values were all in a normal range in the NPC patients with keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and malignant lymphoma. Also 9% and 10% of nonkeratinizing and undifferentiated carcinomas showed the normal ranges of EBV antibodies, possibly indicating a nonassociation with EBV. When NPC disappeared with radiation therapy, EBV antibodies became normal for 6-18 months. However, those whose NPC did not respond to the combined therapy with radiation, surgery and chemotherapy maintained high titers of EBV antibodies. The prognosis was the poorest in the patients with undifferentiated carcinoma, 40% of whom died within 4 years after diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma of the thyroid.

A rare thyroid tumour is described. It started as a papillary cytoadenoma 20 years ago, followed by the appearance of a papillary adenocarcinoma 6 years later. At that time most of the tumour was excised, except for a small portion which had invaded the trachea. Post-operatively 6,000 rads of Co60 was given to the neck; the tumour remained quiescent for 18 years until two years ago, when a recurring fibrosarcoma appeared in her neck. It is suggested that this tumour was a radiation-induced sarcoma.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1984

Electron microscopic studies on IgA nephropathy.

We carried out electron microscopic studies on renal tissues from 9 patients with IgA nephropathy. Electron dense deposits were present in the mesangial area in all cases, subendothelial deposits in 4, and subepithelial deposits in only one. In basement membrane, segmental swelling and rarefaction of basement membrane substance were observed. In some cases the degenerated basement membrane substance protruded through the dilated endothelial fenestration into capillary lumina. Focal splitting, attenuation, mouse eaten appearance, and herniation of basement membrane were seen in a high incidence. Mesangial cells possessed well developed rough endoplasmic reticulums and polysomes. In the peripheral areas of mesangial cell cytoplasm, there was accumulation of electron dense substance and this was occasionally continuously present in the mesangial matrix. There was segmental swelling of endothelial cell cytoplasm, resulting in loss of fenestration. Epithelial cells had well developed rough endoplasmic reticulums and polysomes. Segmental foot process fusion was seen, and these processes, regardless of fusion, became electron denser in the area close to the basement membrane. Multivesiculated bodies were present in all cases in the epithelial cells and in 7 cases in the endothelial cells. Spherical microparticles were present in 3 cases in the urinary space or between the basement membrane and the epithelial cells.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1984

Glomerular deposition of Hageman factor in IgA nephropathy.

Glomerular localization of Hageman factor and fibrin-related antigen (FRA) was examined in 31 cases of IgA nephropathy by immunofluorescent techniques. Hageman factor was observed in 21 cases (68%) and FRA in 24 cases (77%). It is suggested that blood coagulation occurs and fibrin is formed in the glomerulus of IgA nephropathy.

Antigens↗
PubMed1984

The effect of isosorbide dinitrate on exertional hypotension in old myocardial infarction.

Four patients with old myocardial infarction (OMI) revealed exertional hypotension in the treadmill exercise test. All had a multivessel disease, severe left ventricular dysfunction and exercise-induced ST depression or angina to indicate additional myocardial ischemia. After 5 mg of oral isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), the response of blood pressure was improved with a delayed onset of ST depression or angina. To confirm the effect of ISDN on the pressure response to exercise, 26 patients with OMI were further studied. In patients without ST depression and angina (Group I), the systolic blood pressure (SBP) at the matched work load was significantly decreased after ISDN. However, in patients with ST depression or angina (Group II), SBP at the matched work load was not altered after ISDN. The increment of change in SBP due to ISDN, namely from the resting level to the matched work load, was significantly larger in Group II than in Group I. In addition, the patients with marked left ventricular dysfunction in Group I revealed a more change in SBP due to ISDN than the others in Group I. It was concluded that exertional hypotension or suppressed pressure response of OMI could be corrected by 5 mg of oral ISDN due to its favorable effects on the exercise-induced myocardial ischemia and preexisting left ventricular dysfunction.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Olfactory neuroblastoma: presentation of a case and review of the Japanese literature.

Olfactory neuroblastoma is an uncommon malignant tumor arising from the nasal cavity. During the past 18 years from 1964 to 1982, only 24 cases have been in Japanese literature, including this case. The average age of these patients is 42.3 years, ranging from 4 to 75 years old. The sex ratio of male to female is 10:14, female being prevalent moderately. The peak distribution is from 30 to 40 years old. The majority of the patients died of distant metastasis within 2 years of diagnosis. Therefore, the overall prognosis in Japan is very poor, as compared with about a 50% 5 year survival rate in the western countries. This is probably because this tumor is difficult to diagnose correctly, and the chance to start treatment early is apt to be missed here, though some tumors behaved very aggressively from the beginning, metastasizing early.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The effect of nitrate on the oxygen availability during exercise in effort angina pectoris.

Respiratory responses during exercise were observed to determine whether improvement of oxygen availability in working skeletal muscle is attributable to increased aerobic capacity after administration of nitrate in patients with effort angina. After isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) administration, the aerobic capacity increased 3.3 ml/min/Kg (20%) as compared with the control test (p less than 0.001), but the anaerobic threshold (AT), a good indicator of oxygen availability, was unchanged, and the respiratory quotient at the peak of exercise was elevated. These findings suggest that oxygen availability in skeletal muscle was not altered after ISDN, and increased exercise load accompanied increased anaerobic glycolysis. It was concluded that the nitrate-induced increase in aerobic capacity was not dependent upon the change in oxygen availability in skeletal muscle but rather upon the elevated anginal threshold.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Malignant chondroid syringoma. Report of a case with widespread metastasis and review of pertinent literature.

The authors report the autopsy case of a 73-year-old man with widespread, metastatic, malignant chondroid syringoma, with a long clinical history. Three years after resection of the primary tumor on the back, the tumor recurred at the same site, metastasized to the cervical lymph nodes 7 years later, and finally, after 13 years exhibited widespread metastases. Histologically, the tumor showed cords and nests of cuboidal or polygonal tumor cells with little cellular pleomorphism and few mitoses surrounded by a mucoid matrix. Histochemically, the matrix contained hyaluronic acid and sulfated acid mucopolysaccharides, such as chondroitin sulfate A and/or C. To the knowledge of the authors there have been nine reported cases of malignant chondroid syringoma in the English literature, four of which had distant metastasis. A review of the literature reveals that malignant chondroid syringoma is more common in women and occurs most often in trunk and extremities, which is in contrast to its benign counterpart, its histologic appearances vary greatly, and it may even have benign appearances.

Back↗
PubMed1983

Two cases of myocardial infarction with coronary arteriovenous fistula.

Myocardial infarction in the presence of coronary arteriovenous fistula (CAVF) has rarely been reported. Two young male patients with dual abnormalities, an organic stenosis and a CAVF in the left anterior descending artery, were reported. Each fistula originated closely proximal to the stenotic lesion and drained into the main pulmonary artery. It was thought that the coronary steal phenomenon through the fistula further reduced the coronary blood flow distal to the stenosis. Thus, both the stenotic lesion and the fistula possibly contributed to the occurrence of the myocardial infarction. Since angiographic details of myocardial infarction with CAVF have rarely been reported these findings may be important in clarifying the mechanism of myocardial infarction with CAVF.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cytogenetic approaches to the clarification of pathogenesis in lymphoid malignancies: clinicopathologic characterization of 14q+ marker-positive non-T-cell malignancies.

The clinicopathologic features of 53 patients with various types of non-T-cell malignancies were compared with the karyotypic findings. Although all chromosomes underwent numerical and structural rearrangements, a 14q+ marker chromosome (14q32 translocation), which was found in 31 patients, was the single most common abnormality. In terms of survival, no significant difference was noted between the 14q+ positive and negative patients. Donor chromosomes of a 14q32 translocation, which were identified in 27 patients, were quite variable. However, certain chromosomes were predisposed to act as donor chromosomes in the 14q32 translocation. An 8;14 translocation [t(8;14) (q24;q32)] was found in six patients with diffuse non-Burkitt's lymphoma and in four patients with Burkitt's lymphoma-leukemia; in all these patients a stem line or the subline with a t(8;14) had partial trisomy for 1q. An 11;14 translocation [t(11;14) (q13;q32)] was observed in one patient each with diffuse or follicular lymphoma and in two with myeloma; three of the four patients had also structural rearrangements of chromosome 1 in the same cells. A 14;18 translocation [t(14;18) (q32;q21)] was found in six patients with follicular lymphoma and in one with diffuse lymphoma; however, no common involvement of other chromosomes was detected among clones of these abnormal cells with a t(14;18). The median survival was 8 months for patients with a t(8;14) and 39 months for patients with a t(11;14). The difference between the two survival curves was of borderline significance [p = 0.06]. In contrast, patients with a t(14;18) survived significantly longer than those with a t(8;14) [p less than 0.001] or those with a t(11;14) [p = 0.03]. These findings revealed that in non-T-cell malignancies, the clinicopathologic features of the patients with a 14q+ marker depend upon the precise 14q32 translocation and the subsequent karyotypic evolution, although the translocation was not always correlated with a particular type of lymphoid malignancy.

Adult↗