Biomedical subjects

H Yagi

Publications and source records attributed to H Yagi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

Functions and ATP-binding responses of the twelve histidine residues in the TF1-ATPase beta subunit.

The C2 proton signals of all (twelve) histidine residues of the TF1 beta subunit in the 1H-NMR spectrum have been identified and assigned by means of pH change experiments and site-directed substitution of histidines by glutamines. pH and ligand titration experiments were carried out for these signals. Furthermore, the ATPase activity of the reconstituted alpha3beta3gamma complex was examined for the twelve mutant beta subunits. Two of three conserved histidines, namely, His-119 and 324, were found to be important for expression of the ATPase activity. The former fixes the N-terminal domain to the central domain. His-324 is involved in the formation of the interface essential for the alpha3beta3gamma complex assembly. The other conserved residue, His-363, showed a very low pK(a), suggesting that it is involved in the tertiary structure formation. On the binding of a nucleotide, only the signals of His-173, 179, 200, and 324 shifted. These histidines are located in the hinge region, and its proximity, of the beta subunit. This observation provided further support for the conformational change of the beta monomer from the open to the closed form on the binding of a nucleotide proposed by us [Yagi et al. (1999) Biophys. J. 77, 2175-2183]. This conformational change should be one of the essential driving forces in the rotation of the alpha3beta3gamma complex.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed2001

Percutaneous peptide immunization via corneum barrier-disrupted murine skin for experimental tumor immunoprophylaxis.

Percutaneous peptide immunization is a method in which tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are primed in the lymph nodes and spleen following application of tumor peptides to corneum barrier-disrupted murine skin. Immunized mice are protected against subsequent challenge with corresponding tumors and suppress the growth of established tumors. CTL expansion after peptide application seems to be mediated by epidermal Langerhans' cells. In the human, disruption of permeability barrier by tape stripping also induces activation of epidermal Langerhans' cells. Thus, percutaneous peptide immunization provides a simple and noninvasive means of inducing potent antitumor immunity that may be exploited for cancer immunotherapy in the human.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed2001

Photoactivational cytokine-modulatory action of 8-methoxypsoralen plus ultraviolet A in lymphocytes, monocytes, and cutaneous T cell lymphoma cells.

Treatment with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and ultraviolet A light (UVA) has been reported to modulate cytokine production in various cells. Our study was conducted to see the effects of 8-MOP/UVA on the expression/production of cytokines in peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes in relation to the therapeutic mechanisms of extracorporeal photochemotherapy. 8-MOP/UVA augmented the expression of mRNAs for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin (IL)-2 and reduced those for IL-4 and IL-10 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from normal subjects and Sézary syndrome patients. This enhancement of Th1 cytokines was caused by increment of cytokine production by Th1 cells but not by conversion of Th2 cells to produce Th1 cytokines. The number of IFN-gamma-secreting lymphocytes was markedly increased in 8-MOP/UVA-treated PBMCs 20 h after treatment, and its amount was elevated in culture supernatants. However, this enhanced production of IFN-gamma was found only until three days after 8-MOP phototreatment, and its level was rapidly declined by five days after treatment. In addition to this Th1-polarized action, 8-MOP/UVA-treated PBMCs produced enhanced amounts of IL-8 upon stimulation with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies. Phototreated CD4+ but not CD8+ cells provided excellent T cell help for monocytes to produce IL-8 via a direct cell-to-cell contact mechanism. These findings suggest that 8-MOP/UVA has a transient but biologically active Th1-skewing action in T cells, and the phototreated T cells simultaneously stimulate monocytes to produce IL-8. It is suggested that 8-MOP/UVA exerts a beneficial therapeutic effect on malignant Th2 neoplasms as a Th1-skewing cytokine modifier and that 8-MOP-phototreated CD4+ T cells allow monocytes to become effective tumor antigen-presenting cells for tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells.

Cytokines↗

PubMed2001

Molecular characterization of Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus genome segment 4.

The complete nucleotide sequence of the genome segment 4 (S4) of Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) was determined. The 3,259-nucleotide sequence contains a single long open reading frame which spans nucleotides 14 to 3187 and which is predicted to encode a protein with a molecular mass of about 130 kDa. Western blot analysis showed that S4 encodes BmCPV protein VP3, which is one of the outer components of the BmCPV virion. Sequence analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of BmCPV VP3 revealed possible sequence homology with proteins from rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) S2, Nilaparvata lugens reovirus S4, and Fiji disease fijivirus S4. This may suggest that plant reoviruses originated from insect viruses and that RRSV emerged more recently than other plant reoviruses. A chimeric protein consisting of BmCPV VP3 and green fluorescent protein (GFP) was constructed and expressed with BmCPV polyhedrin using a baculovirus expression vector. The VP3-GFP chimera was incorporated into BmCPV polyhedra and released under alkaline conditions. The results indicate that specific interactions occur between BmCPV polyhedrin and VP3 which might facilitate BmCPV virion occlusion into the polyhedra.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2001

Elevation of two molecular forms of adrenomedullin in plasma and urine in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with early coronary angioplasty.

Adrenomedullin (AM) has vasodilatory, diuretic and natriuretic actions. Two molecular forms of AM circulate in human plasma: an active, mature form of AM (AM-m) and an intermediate, inactive, glycine-extended form of AM (AM-Gly). In the present study we investigated the pathophysiological significance of the two molecular forms of AM in plasma and urine in patients with acute myocardial infarction. We serially measured venous and arterial plasma levels and urinary excretion of AM-m, AM-Gly and total AM (Am-T; =AM-m+AM-Gly) over 2 weeks using our recently developed immunoradiometric assay in 26 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction and in age-matched normal controls, and studied the relationships between AM levels and clinical parameters. Plasma AM-m, AM-Gly and AM-T levels were increased on admission in patients with acute myocardial infarction compared with age-matched normal controls. Levels of AM-m, AM-Gly and AM-T in plasma reached a peak 24 h after the onset of symptoms. Plasma AM-m, AM-Gly and AM-T levels were significantly correlated with plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide and pulmonary arterial pressure. Plasma AM-Gly levels in the vein were similar to those in the artery, whereas plasma AM-m levels were significantly lower in the artery than in the vein. Urinary excretion of AM-m, AM-Gly and AM-T was also increased on admission, and reached a peak at 12 h after the onset of symptoms. Urinary excretion of AM-m and AM-Gly was significantly correlated with urinary sodium excretion. The AM-m/AM-T ratio was significantly higher in the urine than in the vein or artery. AM-m levels were significantly correlated with AM-Gly levels in both the urine and plasma; however, there were no significant correlations between plasma and urinary AM levels. The results suggest that levels of both molecular forms of AM are increased in the urine as well as in the plasma in the acute phase of myocardial infarction. Since AM exerts potent cardiovascular and renal effects, increased concentrations of AM in plasma and urine in the acute phase of myocardial infarction may be involved in the defence mechanism against further elevations of peripheral and pulmonary vascular resistance and oliguria in acute myocardial infarction.

Adrenomedullin↗

PubMed2001

[Effective use of camostat mesilate for chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation complicated by thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm].

A 73-year-old man who had been receiving treatment for hypertension and angina pectoris was admitted to hospital following a transient ischemic attack. He was diagnosed as having chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) complicated by a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm, and was treated with heparin sodium and a protease inhibitor. Although the DIC was controlled, the patient had to remain hospitalized in order to receive the medication by continuous infusion. Therefore, the heparin sodium and protease inhibitor were replaced by camostat mesilate, a drug suitable for oral administration and widely used for treatment of chronic pancreatitis. The drug proved effective for the chronic DIC, thus allowing the patient to receive regular treatment on an outpatient basis, and improving his quality of life.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2001

Establishment of a mouse thymic epithelial cell line, IT-76MHC and a brief review on cultured thymic epithelial cells.

Interactions between thymocytes and thymic stromal cells are essential for thymocyte differentiation, but little evidence has been presented to directly show in vivo functions or interactions of the stromal cells. Among the stromal cells, the thymic epithelial cell has been considered to have profound effect on thymocyte differentiation and maturation. The calcium-depleted medium, originally developed for the culture of mouse epidermal cells, was applied for the culture of the mouse thymic epithelial cells, and successfully, an epithelial cell line, IT-76MHC was obtained from the mouse thymus. IT-76MHC cells were identified as distinct mouse thymic epithelial cells by 1/ mosaic-like arrangement, 2/ presence of well-developed desmosome and 3/ tonofilaments, 4/ positivity for cytokeratin, and 5/ induced expression of MHC class I and II by IFN-gamma treatment. IGF-1, IGF-2, oxytocin and vasopressin were also detected immunohistochemically in IT-76MHC cells. Furthermore, the IT-76MHC thymic epithelial cells, when injected intrathymically in the allogeneic mouse, prolonged the survival of skin graft from the same donor strain that IT-76MHC cells were derived. These results demonstrate that the thymic epithelial cell line IT-76MHC produces modest thymocyte survival factors as well as a growth suppressor, and that IT-76MHC cells have the ability to induce transplantation tolerance probably through their expression of MHC class I and II molecules. Taken altogether, the IT-76MHC thymic epithelial cells have been proved to be useful tools to better understand the in vivo functions of thymic epithelial cells, and to gain a deep insight into their involvement in the critical selection process of thymocytes which still remains obscure. Finally and additionally, literatures so far reported on thymic epithelial cells in culture, especially lines and clones, are reviewed and their identity as well as their functions are discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[Mid-ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with an apical aneurysm and sustained ventricular tachycardia: a case report].

A 60-year-old woman presented with mid-ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with an apical aneurysm and sustained ventricular tachycardia. She was admitted because of drug refractory ventricular tachycardia. She had been treated with several antiarrhythmic agents, including amiodarone, but symptomatic episodes had continued. Echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and left ventriculography showed mid-ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with an apical aneurysm. Electrophysiological study easily reproduced sustained pleomorphic ventricular tachycardia, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation. The patient underwent implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator. The relationship between mid-ventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and apical aneurysm is unknown, but mid-ventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the causes of severe ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗

PubMed2000

Homeobox gene Hex is essential for onset of mouse embryonic liver development and differentiation of the monocyte lineage.

Disruption of the mouse Hex gene resulted in embryonic lethality around embryonic age (E) 10.5, due to no substantial liver formation. Expression of albumin was detectable in heterozygous (Hex(+/-)) but not in homozygous (Hex(-/-)) [corrected] embryos at E8.5. Instead of liver bud formation at E9.5, a liver-like capsule structure was observed in Hex(-/-) [corrected] embryos. In Hex(-/-) [corrected] mutant liver, we found no hepatocytes but no signs of apoptotic cell death in the area. Expression of transcription factors involved in hepatocyte differentiation, hepatocyte nuclear factor (Hnf)3beta, Hnf6, Hnf4alpha and Hnf1alpha, were restricted to the capsule and internal matrix-like structure in the mutant liver and expression of a subset of these factors were reduced. Hematopoiesis of monocytes was impaired in mutant embryos while erythroid lineage was unaffected. These results indicate that Hex plays an essential role in progenitor cells which commit to the hepatic endoderm and in the hematopoietic differentiation of the monocyte lineage.

Albumins↗

PubMed2000

New and highly efficient synthesis of cis- and trans-opened Benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-diol 9,10-epoxide adducts at the exocyclic N(2)-amino group of deoxyguanosine.

We describe a new and facile method for the synthesis of both cis- and trans-opened N(2)-deoxyguanosine (dG) adducts of (+/-)-7alpha, 8beta-dihydoxy-9beta,10beta-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetra hydrobenzo[a]pyrene and (+/-)-7alpha,8beta-dihydoxy-9alpha,10alpha -epoxy-7,8,9, 10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene at C-10. The key step in our approach is the direct coupling of O(6)-allyl-3', 5'-di-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine with these epoxides followed by the separation of the mixtures of cis- and trans-diastereomers produced. Overall coupling yields ranged from 45 to 65%. Stereochemistry of addition of the N(2)-exocyclic amino group of dG (cis-trans, approximately 1:1) was assigned by NMR, and the absolute configuration of the dG adducts was unequivocally assigned by CD spectroscopy after separation of each individual diastereomer and cleavage of the allyl protecting group. A strong CD band at 279 nm in the O(6)-protected adduct was found to be diagnostic for configuration at C-10, with a negative band correlating with 10R configuration. The synthetic methodology described allows easy access to cis- and trans-opened N(2)-dG adducts which are valuable building blocks for the synthesis of adduct-containing oligonucleotides for physical and biochemical studies.

7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide↗

PubMed2000

Molecular cloning and characterization of a human homologue of TBPIP, a BRCA1 locus-related gene.

Here we clone the human homologue of TBPIP [Tat binding protein 1(TBP-1)-interacting protein]. TBPIP is a molecule that has been cloned from mouse as a cofactor of TBP-1. Eighty-eight per cent of the deduced amino acid sequence of human TBPIP coincides with that of mouse TBPIP. CAT assay reveals that human TBPIP could interact with human TBP-1, then enhance the function of TBP-1 on HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-Tat-mediated transactivation. Our radiation hybrid mapping indicates that TBPIP is located on chromosome 17q12-21. A DNA database search uncovers that an apparent part of TBPIP has been obtained as a BRCA1 locus-related gene (OV-4) and mapped onto chromosome 17q12-21. Interestingly, the nucleotide structure of human TBPIP is very similar to that of the GT198 gene, which has been cloned from a human breast cancer cell line and also mapped onto the BRCA1 locus. Since a very high rate of gene mutation is observed in the BRCA1-related region in breast cancers and expression of authentic GT198 mRNA could not be confirmed in either BT-474 (other kind of human breast cancer cell line) or normal human testis (where the strong expression of GT198 mRNA is reported), it is likely that GT198 is a mutated form of human TBPIP.

ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activitie↗

PubMed2000

Factors determining mutagenic potential for individual cis and trans opened benzo[c]phenanthrene diol epoxide-deoxyadenosine adducts.

Four adducts that would result from trans opening at C-1 of benzo[c]phenanthrene 3,4-diol 1,2-epoxide (B[c]PhDE) isomers (i.e., DE-1 enantiomers, where the epoxide oxygen and benzylic hydroxyl group are cis, and DE-2 enantiomers, where they are trans) by the N(6)-amino group of dAdo, together with the two cis opened N(6)-dAdo adducts of B[c]PhDE-1, were incorporated into two oligonucleotides at the underlined site in 5'-TTTAGAGTCTGCTCCC [context I(A)] and 5'-CAGATTTAGAGTCTGC [context II(A)]. After ligation of these, and the corresponding unsubstituted oligonucleotides, into single-stranded M13mp7L2 bacteriophage and transfection into SOS-induced Escherichia coli SMH77, base substitution mutations induced by the different B[c]PhDE-dAdo adducts were determined. These findings were compared with data [Pontén et al. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 1144-1152] for cis opened B[c]PhDE-2-dAdo adducts in the same sequence contexts. In most cases, adducts with S absolute configuration at the site of attachment of the nucleoside to the hydrocarbon had higher mutation frequencies (1.9-56.5%) than the corresponding adducts with R configuration (0.05-5.6%). For adducts derived from B[c]PhDE-1, the predominant mutations were A-->T transversions in context I(A) and A-->G transitions for most of these adducts in context II(A). For adducts derived from B[c]PhDE-2, A-->T base substitutions predominated for most of the trans adducts, but A-->G mutations were favored by the cis adduct with S configuration in either context. Thus, the structural feature that most dramatically affected mutagenic activity was the configuration of the carbon at the attachment point, with S configuration mostly being associated with greater mutagenicity than the R configuration. However, other structural variations and sequence context also affected mutagenicity, indicating that a combination of structure and context effects define mutagenicity.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Immunosuppressant FTY720 inhibits thymocyte emigration.

One major role of the thymus is to provide the peripheral immune system with mature T cells, but the mechanisms involving the cellular export are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the ability of a novel immunosuppressive reagent, FTY720, to inhibit T cell export from the thymus. Daily administration of FTY720 at a dose of 1 mg / kg resulted in a marked decrease in the number of peripheral blood T lymphocytes. In the thymus, long-term daily administration of FTY720 caused a three- to fourfold increase in the proportion of mature medullary thymocytes (CD4(+)CD8(-) and CD4(-)CD8(+)) as well as a slight decrease in the double-positive cell (CD4(+)CD8(+)) ratio. Phenotypic analysis (TCRalpha beta, H-2K(d), CD44, CD69 and CD24) revealed that these increased subsets represent possible peripheral recent thymic emigrants. High level expression of L-selectin by these subsets further suggests that they were prevented from leaving the thymus. By intrathymic labeling with fluorescein isothiocyanate, only one fourth of labeled cells could be detected in the lymph nodes and in the spleen of FTY720-treated mice compared to saline-treated control mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the immunosuppressive action of FTY720, at least in part, could be due to its inhibitory effect on T cell emigration from the thymus to the periphery.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Normal diffusion-weighted imaging in cerebral air embolism complicating angiography.

We report a case of cerebral air embolism resulting from accidental air infection during cerebral angiography. A 60-year-old man was accidentally injected with air via the left subclavian artery. Angiography demonstrated air within the basilar artery. The patient showed signs of posterior circulation ischaemia (confusion, blindness, gaze palsy and hemiparesis). However, MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging, showed no abnormality 4 h later. The patient was treated with hyperbaric oxygen within 5 h of the embolism. All symptoms and signs resolved completely within a week.

Brain↗

PubMed2000

Microwave coagulation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

The efficacy and safety of microwave coagulation therapy (MCT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and impaired hepatic reserve were studied. Preoperative background factors, postoperative results, and prognostic factors were compared in 51 patients who underwent hepatic resection (HR group) and 38 patients who underwent microwave coagulation therapy (MCT group). Before surgery, measures of hepatic function, including level of albumin (P = 0.0072), prothrombin time (P<0.0001), hepaplastin test (P = 0.0088), and the radioactivity of technetium-99m galactosyl-human serum albumin 15 min in the liver after injection divided by that in both liver and heart (P <0.0001) were significantly lower in the MCT group than in the HR group. The indocyanine green dye retention rate at 15 min was significantly greater (P<0.0001) in the MCT group than in the HR group, and a significant difference was noted in Child-Pugh grade between the groups (P<0.0001). Operative time (P = 0.0014) and blood loss during surgery (P = 0.0005) were significantly lower in the MCT group than in the HR group. In contrast, no significant differences were recognized between the groups in the changes in postoperative liver function, or in the rates of morbidity, mortality, local recurrence, and survival. Moreover, the type of treatment (HR or MCT) was not a prognostic factor. The results indicate that MCT can be used safely as an alternative to hepatic resection in patients with poor liver function without reducing the efficacy of local control.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Myocardial integrated ultrasonic backscatter in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: prediction of response to beta-blocker therapy.

BACKGROUND: Myocardial integrated backscatter (IB) imaging has been reported to be useful for ultrasonic tissue characterization and delineation of myocardial viability or fibrosis. beta-Blocker therapy has beneficial effects for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), but there are no clear findings that indicate which patients with DCM will respond to this therapy. This study was performed to evaluate whether myocardial IB analysis can predict the response to beta-blocker therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively performed echocardiographic examination with IB analysis in 29 patients with DCM (20 men, 9 women) before starting bisoprolol therapy and in 15 normal subjects. Standard echocardiographic examination and IB analysis in the left ventricular wall in the 2-dimensional short-axis view were performed and the magnitude of cyclic variation (CV) of IB and calibrated myocardial IB intensity (subtracted pericardial) were obtained from the interventricular septum and the left ventricular posterior wall. Sixteen patients responded to bisoprolol therapy and 13 did not respond after 12 months of full-dose therapy. Calibrated myocardial IB intensity was lower in responders relative to nonresponders in both the interventricular septum (responders, -20.1 +/- 3.6 dB vs nonresponders, -9.8 +/- 5.1 dB, P <.0001; controls, -20.1 +/- 4.4 dB) and posterior wall (responders, -20.6 +/- 3.6 dB vs nonresponders, -14.6 +/- 4.2 dB, P =.0002; controls, -22.7 +/- 3.3 dB). Also, the lower the myocardial intensity in the interventricular septum or posterior wall, the better left ventricular systolic function improved after beta-blocker therapy. However, CV was lower in both DCM groups than in the controls, and CV in the interventricular septum was lower in nonresponders than in responders (responders, 4.0 +/- 4.1 dB vs nonresponders, -0.8 +/- 6. 1 dB, P <.02; controls, 8.3 +/- 2.4 dB). In addition, CV in the posterior wall showed no difference between the 2 DCM groups (responders, 5.6 +/- 1.3 dB vs nonresponders, 5.1 +/- 3.5 dB, P = not significant; controls, 9.6 +/- 2.5 dB). Also, the percent fibrosis on right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy specimens showed no distinctions between these 2 groups (responders, 25.1% +/- 16.1% vs nonresponders, 24.9% +/- 15.0%, P = not significant). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that left ventricular myocardial IB data, especially IB intensity, provide useful information for predicting the response to beta-blocker therapy in patients with DCM. However, right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy findings do not appear to contribute to discriminating between the 2 groups.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed2000

Marked differences in base selectivity between DNA and the free nucleotides upon adduct formation from Bay- and Fjord-region diol epoxides.

Distributions of adducts formed from each of the four optically active isomers of 3,4-dihydroxy-1,2-epoxy-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydrobenzo[c]phenanthrene and of 7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxy-7,8, 9,10- tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BcPh and BaP diol epoxides) on reaction with an equimolar mixture of deoxyadenosine and deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphates were compared with the known adduct distributions from these diol epoxides (DEs) upon reaction with calf thymus DNA in vitro. In the presence of an equimolar (100 mM total) mixture of dAMP and dGMP, the efficiency of formation of all types of adducts relative to tetraols is comparable for both the BaP ( approximately 40-60%) and BcPh ( approximately 30-40%) diol epoxides. This is in contrast to the partitioning between tetraols and adducts observed with DNA, where the BcPh DEs form adducts much more efficiently than the BaP DEs. Preference for trans versus cis ring opening by the exocyclic amino groups of the free nucleotides in the dAMP/dGMP mixture is greater for the DE diastereomer in which the benzylic hydroxyl group and the epoxide oxygen are trans (DE-2). This is qualitatively similar to the preferences for trans versus cis adduct formation on reaction of these isomers with DNA, as well as trans versus cis tetraol formation on their acid hydrolysis. For the BcPh DE isomers, competitive reaction between dGMP and dAMP gives 40-62% of the total exocyclic amino group adducts as dA adducts. A similar distribution of dG versus dA adducts had previously been observed on reaction of the BcPh DEs with DNA, except in the case of (+)-3(R),4(S)-dihydroxy-1(R),2(S)-epoxy-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydrobenzo[c]phenanthrene, which gives approximately 85% dA adducts on reaction with DNA. With the BaP DEs, 60-77% of the exocyclic amino group adducts formed upon competitive reaction with the free nucleotides are derived from dGMP. The observed dG selectivity of these BaP DEs is much smaller with the nucleotide mixture than it is with DNA, leading to the conclusion that DNA structure has a much larger modifying effect on the base selectivity of the BaP relative to the BcPh DEs.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Concomitant presence of bladder cancer and neurogenic bladder in a patient with HTLV-1 carrier: a case report.

We describe a case of an HTLV-1 carrier who developed bladder cancer and neurogenic bladder. HTLV-1 is thought to alter host immune function and to contribute to the development of other malignancies. It is also sometimes reported that urinary symptoms precede pyramidal symptoms in patients with HAM. To our knowledge, concomitant presence of bladder cancer and neurogenic bladder in an HTLV-1 carrier has not been previously reported.

Carrier State↗