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Biomedical subjects

H Xu

Publications and source records attributed to H Xu.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Intermediate myasthenia syndrome following acute organophosphates poisoning--an analysis of 21 cases.

1. Twenty-one cases out of 272 patients of acute organophosphates poisoning were diagnosed as intermediate syndrome (IMS) with a prevalence at 7.7%. The responsible OP insecticides included parathion, omethoate and some OP containing pesticide mixtures. IMS occurred mainly in severe OP poisoning patients who recovered from the acute cholinergic crisis at 7-75 h after the onset of acute poisoning. 2. Muscular weakness appeared in the following three categories of muscles: (1) neck flexors and proximal limb muscles; (2) muscles innervated by motor cranial nerves and/or (3) respiratory muscles. Blood acetylcholinesterase activity was persistently inhibited. Electroneuromyography (ENMG) with repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) at frequencies of 20 Hz or 30 Hz in seven patients showed decrements of common muscle action potentials during the presence of myasthenia in five patients and became normal when their muscle strength recovered. 3. Mild IMS recovered within 2-7 days and had a favorable prognosis. Severe IMS patients with respiratory paralysis needed immediate endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Recovery of weakness of the respiratory muscles and proximal limb muscles took longer, the slowest being 30 days. Four of the patients died of respiratory paralysis and the fatality rate was 19%. 4. The mechanism of IMS remains to be further investigated. The RNS/ENMG changes indicate a post-synaptic block at the neuromuscular junctions. 5. In order to promote the recognition of this syndrome, we proposed to name the syndrome as Intermediate Myasthenia Syndrome (IMS).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Neutrophils induce damage to respiratory epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus.

The mechanisms by which respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection induces bronchiolitis and airway disease are unclear. The presence of large numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in the airways of infants with RSV infection suggests a potential role of PMN in airway injury associated with RSV infection. To investigate the potential role of neutrophils in RSV bronchiolitis, human alveolar type II cells (A549 cells) were infected with different doses of RSV for 6-48 h. A 51Cr-releasing assay was used to measure PMN-induced damage and image analysis was used to determine PMN adhesion and detachment of epithelial cells. The results showed that RSV infection of epithelial cells enhanced PMN adherence in a dose- and time-dependent pattern, RSV infection alone could damage and detach epithelial cells to a limited extent and PMN significantly augmented RSV infection-induced damage and detachment of epithelial cells. These data suggest that respiratory syncytial virus infection of respiratory epithelial cells enhances neutrophil adhesion to the epithelium and that activated neutrophils augment the damage and detachment of epithelium infected with the virus. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus airway disease by inducing epithelial damage and cell loss.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1998

Downstream technique study of human tumor necrosis factor alpha and its mutant.

The study of downstream techniques for recombinant human necrosis factor alpha (rhTNF alpha) and its mutant (Lys2)-rhTNF alpha led to the results of approximately 50 g wet recombinant E. coli per liter with high expression level (> 50%) harvested from autocontrolled fed-batch culture in 15 L fermentor (B. Braun). The rhTNF alpha and (Lys2)-rhTNF alpha expressed are totally soluble. Followed by the process of ultrasonication, ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography (DEAE-sepharose FF, CM-sepharose FF), and molecular sieve (Sephacryl S-200), a yield of approximately 1 g pure recombinant protein from 1 L broth is obtained. The purity is up to 98%. The specific activity of rhTNF alpha and (Lys2)-rhTNF alpha are approximately 1.5 x 10(8) IU/mg and approximately 6 x 10(8) IU/mg, respectively.

Escherichia coli↗
PubMed1998

[Evaluation of the effectiveness nine years after primary immunization with local produced plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccine nine years after primary immunization. METHODS: A randomized, controlled and double-blinded trial was designed with 126 children primarily immunized with local produced plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine nine years ago and 135 placebo-control children aged five to nine years. All the children were followed-up, their blood samples collected and their disease occurrence examined. Their hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) were tested. Causes of lowering in their antibodies were analyzed with multivariate methods. RESULTS: During the nine-year follow-up, 4% to 19% of the study subjects dropped out. In the ninth year after immunization (T108), anti-HBs positive rate in the vaccinees and their geometric mean titer (GMT) (65.3% and 5.47, respectively) were still significantly higher than those in the placebo-controls (28.3% and 1.46, respectively), but significantly lower than those in the 6th year after immunization (T72). Multivariate analysis for the causes of lowering in the antibody during the 4th, 6th and 9th year after immunization showed that antibody titer in the vaccines first year after immunization (T12) was a crucial factor for the persistence of the antibody, and natural booster might also played a certain role in it. In the T108, one clinical case of hepatitis B occurred in the placebo control group, but no cases in the vaccinees found, with a protection rate of 81.4% from HBV infection and 84.6% from HBsAg positive-coversion, similar to those in the T72. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of HB vaccine still existed nine years after primary immunization, and no booster dose was needed so far.

Child↗
PubMed1998

[Antimutagenic mechanism of kiwifruit juice].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of kiwifruit juice on the mutagenicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) and the effects of biotransformation enzymes in rats. METHODS: We measured the frequency of cells with micronuclei in binucleated lymphocytes and the activities of liver glutathione-S-transferase (GST), uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransfer (UDPGT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT). RESULTS: Kiwifruit juice inhibited the frequency of cytokinesis-blocked cells with micronuclei (MN) induced by CP in rat peripheral blood lymphocytes, and increased significantly the activity of liver GST and UDPGT. The rate of MN cells was significantly correlated negatively with the activity of liver GST and UDPGT. CONCLUSION: The effects of kiwifruit juice on anti-micronucleus formation may be related to the increased activities of detoxidation enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Studies on stroke and blood lipid level].

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the relationship between blood lipid levels and cerebrovascular diseases. METHODS: Seven indicators for blood lipid were determined in 208 patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured with enzyme methods, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo-B100) and lipoprotein (alpha) [Lp(alpha)] were measured with immune multifocal method, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated according to Friedewald formula. RESULTS: Levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, Apo-B100 and Lp(alpha) in patients with cerebral infarction were significantly higher than those in the controls, and levels of TG and Apo-B100 in them were also significantly higher than those in the patients with cerebral hemorrhage. There was no significant difference in blood lipid levels between the patients with cerebral hemorrhage and the controls. CONCLUSION: It suggests that disturbance of blood lipid metabolism is a risk factor for cerebral infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

A clinical investigation on massage for prevention and treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infection in children.

The TCM therapeutic principle of "eliminating the pathogenic factors by supporting the healthy energy" was adopted in massage to treat and prevent recurrent respiratory tract infection of children. Susceptible and healthy children of the same age were used as controls. As a result, the therapeutic effect of the treatment group is significantly better than that of the controls, with all of the immunologic indexes being approximately normal when the patients were reexamined 3 and 6 months after the massage. Statistically, the difference was significant (P < 0.01). Massage has been proved very helpful in improving the general constitution, enhancing the immune functions, preventing and treating the condition, and in health care as well.

Acupuncture Points↗
PubMed1998

A clinical study on bing gan ling oral liquid for treatment of hepatitis C.

Based on the principles of cooling the blood to expel the pathogenic toxins and regulating the function of liver and activating the spleen in traditional Chinese medicine, 60 cases of chronic hepatitis C were treated with Bing Gan Ling (BGL), an oral liquid, which is composed mainly of Shuiniujiao (Cornu Bubali), Huzhang (Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati), Chishao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), and Huangqi (Radix Astragali), etc. The total effective rate was 86.7%, which is considerably better than that of the control group (P < 0.01). The animal experiments and pathological studies suggest that the above-mentioned prescription has marked action of protecting the liver and lowering the activity of enzymes; and that it can ameliorate the acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A clinical analysis of 94 cases of recurrent stroke].

Ninety-four cases of recurrent stroke were analyzed retrospectively, and 290 cases of first stroke episode were selected as controls. Results showed that recurrent stroke mainly appeared within the first year after the initial episode males predominant. The clinical manifestations of recurrent stroke were variable and commonly more severe. No significant differences was observed between the groups with respect to a variety of factors including the presence of hypertension, diabetes, history of transient ischemic attack, or familial history of stroke, cardiac attacks, cigarette smoking and/or alcohol consumption. The risk factors for recurrent stroke were discussed.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1998

[Changes of plasma endothelin-1 in patients with congestive heart failure and the influence of metoprolol].

To investigate the alterations of plasma endothelin-1(ET-1) in patients with congestive heart failure(CHF) and the effects of metoprolol on it, plasma ET-1 and norepinephrine(NE) were measured in 43 patients using radioimmunoassay and high-performance liquid chromatography methods. Twenty-four patients were treated with metoprolol plus the routine therapy while the others were received the routine therapy only. The findings were that levels of plasma ET-1 and NE increased before the treatment, and decreased after the treatment with metoprolol for 1 month. There was no alteration of plasma ET-1 or NE in the control group.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1998

[Cloning and expression of leptospiral protective antigen gene OmpL1 in BCG].

This study was intended to produce a new living vaccine against leptospirosis using BCG as vector. Leptospiral outer envelop antigen gene OmpL1 was amplified from the genome of pathogenic leptopira serova Lai 017 by PCR, and cloned in E. coli-BCG shuttle plasmid pY6002. Recombinant plasmids were isolated by dot blotting with Digoxigeninlabeled OmpL1 gene. After transforming the recombinant plasmids in BCG (Shanghai strain) by electroporation, the genomic DNA of all 21 transformants were prepared and hybridized with OmpL1. It showed that 6 of the 21 transformants were recombinants in which the OmpL1 gene had been integrated into the genome of BCG. By immunoblotting with OmpL1 infected rabbit antiserum, which was preabsorbed to remove antibody against E. coli and SPA-HRP, three recombinants, pLI1, pLI2 and pLI3, were detected to express OmpL1 protein. The ability of expression is in the order of pLI2 > pLI1 >> plI3. These studies provide the possibility of further research on the development of highly efficient recombinant vaccines against leptospirosis.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1998

[Preliminary study on bone loss rate in early and late stages of post-menopausal women].

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the characteristics of bone loss rate and bone turnover in early and late stages of normal chinese postmenopausal women, and to evaluate the predictive value of bone biochemical markers. METHODS: Thirty-two early postmenopausal women (1-3 years after menopause, group 1) and 33 late ones (15-30 years after menopause, group 2) were enrolled. Serum and bone alkaline phosphotase (alkaline phosphotase, ALP; bone alkaline phosphotase, BAP), fasting uriuary calcium/creatinine ratio (Ca/Cr), and Pyridinoline/creatinine ratio (Pyd/Cr), serum osteocalcin(BGP), bone mineral density (BMD) were measured at laseline and 6 months, 12 month follow-up. RESULTS: In group 1, mean lumber mineral density decreased 1.3% and 2.6% at 6 and 12 month follow-up as compared with initial values, In group 2, bone loss rates of femoral neck and Ward's triangle were 1.3%, 5.3% at 6 months, and 1.9%, 4.6% at 12 months respectively. Urinary Pyd/Cr elevated with time in the two groups. Changes of BGP, BAP in the two groups were similar. There were positive correlations between ALP, Ca/Cr, BGP, BAP and BMD. No correlation was found between bone loss rate of lumber spine and biochemical markers. CONCLUSION: Lumber spine was the favorable site to assess rapid bone loss in early postmenopausal women. Femoral neck and Ward's triangle region were superior to other site in predicting slow bone loss. Bone turnover of the two groups were all accelerated. Single measurement of biochemical marker failed to predict bone loss rate.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

[Angiographic embolization for the treatment of uncontrollable epistaxis].

In the treatment of 8 cases of patients with uncontrollable epistaxis, we used the embolization following vascular angiographic localization. They were cured and no any serious complication. Embolization is the safe and effective method of stopping uncontrollable epistaxis and is the best method in the elder patients with other diseases, under the condition of anterior and posterior nasal packing being controversial. It is the key that before embolization we make angiography to arteries and find the bleeding vessels. The technique of embolization, superselective embolization and so on are all important measures in the decreasing severe complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Microsurgical technique in the treatment of lumbar disc prolapse].

From 1983 to 1996, 354 cases of the lumbar intervertebral disc prolapse were treated by the microsurgical technique in our hospital. Among them, 330 cases were the simple prolapse of the lumbar intervertebral disc, the other 24 cases were complicated with the lateral recess stenosis. The application of the microsurgical technique has the advantage of its precision, shorter operative time, little surgical trauma, less bleeding, and quicker recovery. So the patients can usually get up and move around at an earlier time. Ninety-five percent of the patients acquired good results. It is suggested that the microsurgical technique is a relatively good operative method in the treatment of the lumbar intervertebral disc prolapse and the lateral recess stenosis.

Adolescent↗