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Biomedical subjects

H Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to H Wolf.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Blood group ABO and Lewis antigen expression during neoplastic progression of human urothelium. Immunohistochemical study of type 1 chain structures.

The deletion of blood group ABO antigen expression in bladder carcinoma has attracted attention because of its potential as a prognostic parameter. Based on recently produced monoclonal antibodies against blood group antigens, it has become possible to elucidate the carcinoma-associated modulation of these antigens at a molecular level. In this study we have used a panel of monoclonal antibodies (H, Lea, Leb, A, ALeb) that are specific to type 1 chain structures. By the use of an immunohistochemical method, the histologic and cytologic location of these antigens in the urothelium was studied in 25 biopsies from transitional cell carcinomas and compared to 21 previously examined normal biopsies. Urothelial blood group reactivity was compared to Lewis and secretor status. The authors found a series of events associated with neoplastic progression of noninvasive urothelium: a disruption of the orderly stratification of blood group antigens in different cell layers; cytostructural relocation of cytoplasmic antigens to the cell surface; loss of correlation between urothelial blood group antigens and secretor status; and gradual deletion of antigens. In the invasive tissue these events were followed by a total deletion of A and H isoantigens and uniform expression of Lewis b and sialyted Lewis a antigen. These findings indicate that there is a complex modulation of blood group antigen biosynthesis associated with the neoplastic progression of the human urothelium.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1987

Molecular biological methods in the diagnosis of viral disease.

Molecular biology allowed considerable improvements in diagnostic procedures by production of new and more specific sonds for the detection of traces of viruses, both on the nucleic acid and protein levels, and by determining the immune response of the host to specific antigens. Improvements in sensitivity and improved correlation to the stage of viral disease are already evident from several applications and strongly suggest a broad application of these approaches.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Macrophage colony-stimulating activity is produced by three different EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines.

The lymphoblastoid cell lines BLY 9.84, Gl, and Pl constitutively release a colony-stimulating activity (CSA) which specifically stimulates murine macrophage progenitor cells in vitro. The biochemical characterization of BLY 9.84-derived CSA exhibits a molecular size of apparently 150-200 kDa even under dissociating conditions with 6 M guanidine hydrochloride or inhibition of glycosylation. Production of this CSA is inhibited by cycloheximide and its activity is destroyed by reduction with dithiothreitol. Replating experiments give evidence for a functional similarity with CSF-1 (macrophage colony-stimulating factor).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Chorionic villi sampling: cytogenetic and clinical findings in 500 pregnancies.

The cytogenetic findings were analysed in a series of 500 pregnancies in which chorionic villi sampling was performed. In all cases a direct method was used, karyotyping being successful in 481 cases (96.2%). The main indication for sampling was maternal age over 36 (412 cases; 82.4%). Abnormal laboratory findings resulted in 24 terminations of pregnancy (4.8%); in addition five unexpected balanced chromosome rearrangements were detected. Twelve of 15 cytogenetic discrepancies were detected at amniocentesis, two after termination, and one at spontaneous abortion. Complete follow up data were available for the first 250 patients, among whom nine pregnancies (3.6%) ended in spontaneous abortion before the 20th week. There were no false negative findings. Seventy additional chromosome studies were performed because of failure of chorionic villi sampling or equivocal results, or for confirmation. Counselling before chorionic villi sampling should include the possibility that subsequent amniocentesis may be needed should mosaicism or other unexpected abnormalities be found. The success rate and accuracy of karyotyping chorionic villi samples by the direct method are acceptable but distinctly less than those of karyotyping cultured amniotic fluid cells.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1987

[Epidemiology of Hodgkin's disease from the pathophysiologic viewpoint--review].

The aetiology of Hodgkin's disease remains unclear, however epidemiological characteristics have led to directive conceptions. The description of the rare familiar appearance of lymphogranulomatosis among other things by two cases of our own population and the presentation of milieu factors influencing incidence and prevalence rates give a extensive basis of discussion to develop pathophysiological ideas and to prove it by clinical, pathological, genetical and immunological knowledge. Genetical determination by an autosomal-dominant allele, with incomplete penetrance, predisposing insufficiency of immune suppression and disease inducing virus infection seems less to be three competing aetiologic systems; they rather form a causing trinity, which internal connexions we are at present not able to understand.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1987

[Plasmapheresis treatment in 3 simultaneously occurring autoimmune diseases: Hashimoto thyroiditis with hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thrombopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia].

A 49 year-old women with a 2-year history of a Coombs-positive autoimmune haemolytic anaemia was hospitalized with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and thyrotoxic crisis. The clinical course was further complicated by an autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Primary resection of the thyroid thus seemed to be too risky, so we decided to perform therapeutic plasma exchange. This led to clinical improvement, enabling us to perform a thyroidectomy. The present investigation reveals the high efficiency of plasmapheresis in the treatment of combined autoimmune diseases. Therapeutic plasma exchange resulted in a reduction of both the relevant autoantibodies and the level of circulating thyroid hormones.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1987

[Problems in internal medicine therapy of breast cancer].

In 41 female patients with metastasizing carcinoma of the breast remission rate and survival time were analysed under a combined chemotherapy and hormone therapy as well as marginal conditions of the treatment, such as referral modalities and periods. The remission frequency of 66% in an average duration of the remission of 9.6 months corresponds to the international experiences. In only 5% of all patients a specialist in internal medicine and oncology took part in the statement of the primary therapy conception. In many cases the referral to the medicamentous therapy was done only in the late stages of the disease. An improvement of the interdisciplinary cooperation in the treatment of the carcinoma of the breast is actually necessary.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

Karyotypic differences between cells from placenta and other fetal tissues.

Six cases are reported with discrepancies between the karyotypes of placental cells and cells from other fetal tissue. The respective findings were: 48, + 7, + 18 resp. 47, + 18. 46,i(18q) resp. 46,del18(p11). 46,XX resp. 46,XX/47,XXX. 46,X,Yq+ and 46,XY resp. 46,XY. 46/47, + 12 resp. 46. 46/47, + 5 resp. 46. These differences were found in both early and term pregnancies. Care should be taken in deducing the fetal karyotype from the chromosomal pattern of placental cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The regulated expression of Epstein-Barr virus: evidence that the transition from primary to secondary protein synthesis in Raji cells superinfected with Epstein-Barr virus requires the synthesis of new RNA.

In the presence of canavanine and the absence of arginine, superinfected Raji cells synthesize a limited spectrum of proteins (primary proteins). After the removal of canavanine at 8 h post infection, the cells proceed after a lag phase of 2-3 h to synthesize a second group of proteins. The appearance of these proteins can be prevented by addition of actinomycin-D to the chase media, suggesting that active primary proteins are required for the synthesis of new mRNA coding for the secondary proteins.

Canavanine↗
PubMed1987

Placental volume measurement by ultrasonography: evaluation of the method.

A method for placental volume measurement by parallel ultrasonographic section scans is presented. An interval of 2 cm between the scans proves most effective. During measurement the patient should lie in the lateral position to prevent caval vein compression. The precision of the method as estimated by the SE is between 10 and 50 ml. The volume measured reflects both placental cellular mass and placental circulating blood volume. Drainage of the latter after delivery causes a fairly large difference between antepartum placental volume and postpartum placental weight (volume/weight ratio 1:6).

Female↗
PubMed1987

Semiquantitative determination of low molecular weight proteinase inhibitors in the presence of high molecular weight inhibitors by a modified radial diffusion assay.

The radial diffusion assay is very suitable for the determination of proteinase inhibitors in biological fluids. By combining radial diffusion and ultrafiltration, it has become possible to directly determine low molecular weight proteinase inhibitors in mixtures with inhibitors of higher molecular weight. By this modification the inhibitor solutions to be investigated are not pipetted into wells as usually, but are applied on small pieces of dialysis membranes lying on the gel. The exclusion limit of the membrane must be of a magnitude that the inhibitors of higher molecular weight are retained, whereas the inhibitors of lower molecular weight can diffuse into the gel. The modified method can be used for the direct determination of e.g. aprotinin (Mr 6500) in the presence of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (Mr 54,000), ovoinhibitor (Mr 50,000) and ovomucoid (Mr 27,000), respectively. The modified method is suitable for the direct determination of low molecular weight inhibitors of trypsin and papain in serum, synovial fluid and saliva. Tissue extracts containing 4 M guanidine hydrochloride or 6 M urea can be investigated directly, too.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1987

Intracellular recordings from interneurons and motoneurons in intact flying locusts.

A preparation is described in which it is possible to record intracellularly from identified motoneurons and interneurons during flight in intact tethered locusts. Intracellular recordings could be obtained from either the large somata of the motoneurons or from the neuropil processes of interneurons and motoneurons in either the meso- or metathoracic ganglion. Intracellular recordings from motoneuron somata were sufficiently stable to allow surgical manipulations, e.g. deafferentation, of the nervous system without the loss of penetration. Recordings from neuropil processes required stabilizing the ganglion by sandwiching it between two supports. The preparation is suitable for the cellular analysis of many aspects of motor patterning in the flight system of the locust. So far we have used it to make a direct comparison between the patterns of synaptic activity in intact and deafferented animals. This comparison shows that sensory feedback from wing proprioceptors strongly influences the activity in elevator motoneurons and flight interneurons. From these and other observations we conclude that proprioceptive feedback is essential for generating important features of the intact motor pattern and that wing receptors are integral elements of the intact flight pattern generator.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Detection of IgA antibody to EBV membrane antigen using Staphylococcus aureus preabsorbed sera is closely associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

The presence of IgA antibody to membrane antigen (MA) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was tested in sera from 48 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, 40 patients with tumors other than NPC and 46 normal individuals. The sera were preabsorbed with Staphylococcus aureus (SPA) (strain no. 1800) prior to their use in the indirect immunofluorescence test. One hundred percent of the NPC patients had the IgA/MA antibody with a GMT of 1:141. In patients with tumors other than NPC or normal individuals, IgA/MA antibodies were not detectable. The IgA/MA antibodies have been demonstrated in 6 NPC patients lacking detectable antibody levels in the indirect immunofluorescence test using nonabsorbed sera. Our data indicate that preabsorbtion of sera with SPA renders the diagnostic test significantly more sensitive for the detection of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma and can be used for trials on the prognosis of patients.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Truncated versions of the two major Epstein-Barr viral glycoproteins (gp250/350) are secreted by recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells.

The expression of the two Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) major membrane proteins gp250/350 (MA-BLLF1) on the surface of recombinant CHO clones cannot be amplified by methotrexate (MTX) selection, perhaps due to toxic effects of these membrane proteins. After removal of sequences encoding the part of the glycoproteins responsible for membrane anchorage, the gp250/350 is secreted into the medium. Following selection with MTX, this construct allows the amplification of the expression products. Besides the possible use of these proteins in protection experiments, they can also be used as antigens for diagnosis, which opens an efficient approach for control of EBV-related neoplasias by early therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Blood group ABO and Lewis antigens in fetal and normal adult bladder urothelium: immunohistochemical study of type 1 chain structures.

Five monoclonal antibodies specific for structural variants of type 1 chain blood group antigens (H, Lea, Leb, A, ALeb) were used to study the distribution of these particular antigens in normal bladder urothelium. The urothelium samples were taken from seven human fetuses (aged seven to 21 weeks) and 19 adults. The adults were blood group A and O individuals, and their antigen expression was compared to ABO, secretor, and erythrocyte Lewis status. Detailed data on the histological location of the antigens were obtained by means of immunohistochemical methods. In fetuses expression of Lewis a and A antigens was stage-dependent, whereas the Lewis b and H antigens were consistently present at all stages. In adults the urothelial blood group antigen expression seemed to be correlated to ABO and secretor status, but not to erythrocyte Lewis type. Secretors expressed primarily ABO isoantigens on their cell membranes, whereas non-secretors (four individuals) expressed inappropriate Lewis antigens. Examination of the histological distribution of the antigens showed results different from earlier examined epithelia. In adult bladder urothelium from A secretors, only the most complex antigens (Leb, A, ALeb) were present in the basal germinative cell layer, whereas the luminal umbrella cell layer expressed both these antigens and showed a unique expression of less complex precursor antigens (H, Lea), as well as sialylated Lewis a antigens.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1987

Islet cell antibodies, circulating immune complexes and antinuclear antibodies in diabetes mellitus.

Serum samples of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus were tested for complement-fixing and non complement-fixing islet cell antibodies, antinuclear antibodies and circulating immune complexes. There was no correlation between circulating immune complexes or antinuclear antibodies and secondary diabetic complications. A close relationship was found between the ICA titer and complement fixation of ICA. The incidence of ICA at the onset of the disease was higher in the patients under the age of 10 (85%) and decreased with increasing age up to 45% in patients with onset above age 20. In five patients being positive and four patients being negative for ICA at onset of disease, changes and fluctuations in antibody titers were observed over 38 months. Since manifestation of diabetes mellitus is believed to be an endpoint of a long lasting autoimmune process, our observations indicate that the autoimmune phenomena are merely indicators of ongoing autoimmune reactions not necessarily reflecting the state of autoaggression or islet cell destruction.

Adolescent↗