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Biomedical subjects

H Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to H Wolf.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Morphologic HIV demonstration in formalin embedded material--techniques, problems, results].

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material of archival specimens is suitable for a morphological HIV-detection: Infected cells with HIV in the proliferative phase can be demonstrated with reliable results on tissue sections by immunohistological technics using new antibodies. In situ nucleic acid hybridisation technics can also show HIV in the expression phase on paraffin-embedded material, but often fail in demonstrating latently HIV-infected cells. The DNA-Polymerase chain reaction can detect latent Provirus in morphologically defined areas of paraffin sections even in autopsy material, i.e. lymphnodes and even eyes of patients with HIV-Infection, but requires precaution and control with respect to contamination.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

A study of lectin bindings to the fetal membranes.

Human tissues contain carbohydrates for a main component, functioning as a source and reservoir of energy, connective and supporting element, recognition site and related tasks. Our main interest is to reveal the synthesis and distribution of carbohydrate elements in human fetal membranes. The aim of our work was to clarify, which kinds of elements containing carbohydrates, existed in the fetal membranes. Therefore we applied a lectin-binding study using the following FITC labelled lectins: ConA, WGA, PNA, LCA, RCA. This lead to the result, that ConA, LCA, WGA and RCA produced a positive reaction in the amnion epithelium, which was negative when using PNA. The basement membrane I showed an intense fluorescence when we used ConA, LCA and WGA, using RCA it was weaker and using PNA fluorescence was nearly missing. The examination of the amniotic fibroblast and intercellular substance showed a positive reaction with all lectins, but the intercellular substance lead to weaker fluorescence. The chorionic fibroblasts, intercellular substance and basement membrane II produced fluorescence using ConA, LCA, WGA and PNA, but no reaction could be examined, when using RCA. The trophoblastic cells did not react with LCA and RCA. The intercellular substance reacted positively with all lectins.

Amnion↗
PubMed1991

Prognostic factors in bladder carcinoma.

Basic and clinical research has led to a better understanding of bladder tumor disease. Better characterization of host and tumor has made it possible for the clinician to choose appropriate treatment and follow-up and to better predict prognosis. Therefore, at tumor presentation a number of variables should be determined to reach the goal. Tumor factors: T-category, grade, size, number and appearance of the primary tumors, time to first recurrence and for invasive tumors also N- and M-categories, small vessel invasion, recurrence pattern, papillary stalk or true lamina propria invasion, the presence of secondary carcinoma in situ, ureteric obstruction and response to specific treatment. Host factors: Immune status, age, performance status, sex, pretreatment length of history and hemoglobin. However, in the individual patient bladder tumor disease may not always follow the predicted course, so that we are still in need of more accurate biological predictors. A number of markers (cytogenetic and cytomorphometric characteristics, such as flow-cytometry, immunohistochemical markers such as ABH expression, T-antigen, CEA, TPA and cytokeratins, and finally ultrastructural changes, proliferative indices and morphometric analysis) have been evaluated. Some have been shown to be of clinical value, but have as yet not been included into routine clinical use. Thus, we are steadily approaching the goal to disclose the true biological potential of each individual tumor and its relation to the host.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1990

Anthracycline oligosaccharides: facile stereoselective synthesis of 2,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosides.

Glycosylation of benzyl-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-trifluoroacetamido-alpha-L-lyxo-h exopyranoside (6) with 3,4-di-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-2,6-dideoxy-L-lyxo-hex-1-enitol (1) or 4-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-3-O-benzyl-2,6-dideoxy-L-lyxo-hex-1-enit ol (2) in the presence of trimethylsilyl triflate/triethylamine gave alpha-(1----4)-linked disaccharide derivatives 7 and 8, respectively. In the presence of trimethylsilyl triflate only, 3,4-di-O-acetyl-1-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-lyxo++ +-hexopyranose (3) and 6 gave mainly 7. Condensation of 1 or 2 with 9, obtained by O-deacylation of 8, afforded benzyl [O-(3,4-di-O-acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-L-lyso-hexopyranosyl)-(1----4)-O-( 3-O-benzyl-2,6-dideoxy-2,6-alpha-L-hexopyranosyl)-(1----4)-(2,3,6-tri deo xy-3-trifluoroacetamido-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranoside)] (11) and its 3''-benzyl analogue 12, respectively.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1990

Etoposide: a new approach to the synthesis of 4-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-4,6-O-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-4'-O- demethyl-4-epipodophyllotoxin.

Synthesis of 3-O-acetyl-2-benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-deoxy-4,6-O-ethylidene- alpha-(7 alpha) and-beta-D-glucopyranose (7 beta) and their 3-O-chloroacetyl analogues (11 alpha and 11 beta) are described. Condensation (BF3-etherate, ethyl acetate, -20 degrees) of 7 alpha with 4'-O-benzyloxycarbonyl-4'-O-demethyl-4-epipodophyllotoxin (8) afforded mainly the beta-glycoside 9 beta (alpha, beta-ratio 1:9). Condensation of 11 alpha beta with 8 or the 4'-O-chloroacetyl analogue 13 gave mainly the 4-O-(2-benzyloxycarbonylamino-3-O-chloroacetyl-2-deoxy-4,6-O-ethyl idene-beta-D- glucopyranosyl)-epipodophyllotoxin 12 beta or 15 beta. Glycosidation of podophyllotoxin (14) with 11 alpha beta (during which the aglycon epimerized at C-4 under the action of BF3-etherate) afforded alpha- (16 alpha) and beta-glycoside (16 beta) in the ratio 1:5. Removal of the chloroacetyl groups from 12 beta, its alpha analogue 12 alpha, and 15 beta gave the 4-O-(2-benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-deoxy-4,6-O-ethylidene-alpha-(17 alpha) and -beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-4'-O-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxins (17 beta and 20 beta), respectively. Hydrogenolysis of the benzyloxycarbonyl groups then gave 4-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-4,6-O-ethylidene-alpha- (18 alpha) and -beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-4'-O-demethyl-4-epipodophyllotoxin (18 beta). Reductive alkylation of 18 beta and 18 alpha afforded the 2"-deoxy-2"-dimethylamino-etoposide 3 and its alpha analogue 19 alpha.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1990

[Prenatal diagnosis of triploidy].

In two pregnant women the diagnosis fetal triploidy was made by transabdominal villous biopsy at 20 and 21 weeks. Chromosomal analysis revealed a 69, XXX respectively 69, XXY karyotype. The diagnosis was suspected because of fetal growth retardation and a large vesicular placenta on sonographic examination. One patient had bilateral multilocular ovarian cysts. She had an eclamptic seizure at 22 weeks. In both patients labour was induced by intravenous prostaglandins. One fetus had a small spina bifida, the other fetus had no congenital malformations. Microscopy of both placentas showed a partial mole. A short description is given of the abnormalities associated with triploidy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Identification of type A and B isolates of Epstein-Barr virus by polymerase chain reaction.

A method is described for the identification of type A and type B isolates of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by means of the polymerase chain reaction. The use of three pairs of primers specific for genomic sequences coding for the two forms of EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA), 2A and 2B, and for a DNA sequence from the BamZ/BamR region allows the reliable and rapid detection of type A and B viruses in as little as 1000 EBV positive cells.

Antigens, Nuclear↗
PubMed1990

Detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma using a non-radioactive digoxigenin-labelled probe.

The presence of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) DNA in biopsies from the post-nasal space (PNS) of patients suspected of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was detected by in situ cytohybridization with an EBV DNA probe labelled with the novel labelling compound digoxigenin. The digoxigenin probe was hybridised to cryostat sections of NPC biopsies and subsequently detected by an enzyme immunoassay procedure. It was found that in situ cytohybridization using the digoxigenin probe was much more rapid and sensitive (96 h compared to five weeks) than the current method of using 3H-labelled probe. Using the digoxigenin EBV probe, it was found that in all the eighteen NPC biopsies tested, EBV DNA was detected in malignant epithelial cells and infiltrating lymphocytes. EBV DNA was also detected in some normal epithelial cells in these NPC biopsies. EBV DNA was not detected in epithelial cells of non-malignant biopsies.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1990

An evaluation of 75 terminations of pregnancy based on abnormal laboratory findings at first trimester CVS.

Seventy-five selective terminations, based on abnormal laboratory findings at first-trimester CVS, were performed in 1581 consecutive pregnancies. In all cases a (semi-) direct method of cytogenetic analysis was used. The 75 abortions were analysed in number of ways. Confirmatory studies showed that three cases had to be considered as false-positive findings, and in one other case the results were inconclusive. Based on literature data, it was estimated that 41 of the 75 pregnancies would have resulted in seriously handicapped children, surviving beyond the age of 1 year, if no termination of pregnancy had taken place. Negative side-effects of the procedure include: spontaneous abortion of chromosomally normal fetuses due to the CVS procedure itself and the need for a number of secondary amniocenteses (5.1%). The advantage of DNA diagnosis in X-linked diseases is illustrated by comparing the CVS results with a previously published amniocentesis study.

Abortion, Eugenic↗
PubMed1990

Serodiagnosis of infectious mononucleosis by using recombinant Epstein-Barr virus antigens and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technology.

Four recombinant, diagnostically useful Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) proteins representative of the viral capsid antigen (p150), diffuse early antigen (p54), the major DNA-binding protein (p138), and the EBV nuclear antigen (p72) (W. Hinderer, H. Nebel-Schickel, H.H. Sonneborn, M. Motz, R. Kühbeck, and H. Wolf, J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 7[Suppl.]:132, 1988) were used to set up individual enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the qualitative and quantitative detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies. In direct comparison with results obtained by standard immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase assays, it was then shown that the recombinant EBV ELISAs provide the means for specific and sensitive serodiagnosis of infectious mononucleosis (IM) caused by EBV. The most useful markers in sera from such patients proved to be IgM antibodies against p54, p138, and p150. Additional positive markers for recent or ongoing IM apparently were IgG antibodies against p54 and p138. In contrast, anti-p72 IgG had a high preference for sera from healthy blood donors and, therefore, can be considered indicative of past exposure to the virus. Altogether, the individual ELISAs proved to be as specific and at least as sensitive for the diagnosis of IM as the currently available standard techniques are. Moreover, our findings suggest that, by combining individual test antigens, a workable ELISA system consisting of three assays (IgM against p54, p138, and p150; IgG against p54 and p138; and IgG against p72) can be established for the standardized rapid diagnosis of acute EBV infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Synthetic peptides define the fine specificity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp160 humoral immune response in HIV type 1-infected chimpanzees.

The fine specificities of antibodies produced against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp160 were examined in sera from 23 HIV-1-infected chimpanzees. These animals had been infected with one of six isolates of HIV-1. Sera were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for reactivity against seven synthetic peptides corresponding to regions of gp160. Chimpanzees appear to remain healthy after infection with HIV-1, suggesting that these animals may prevent extensive spread of the virus in vivo through immunologic mechanisms. Antibody specificity to gp160 epitopes may play a key role in the defense against HIV-1-related disease. Approximately one-half of all chimpanzee sera contained antibodies reactive with peptide 846-860, which corresponds to the carboxyl terminus of gp41. Less than 10% of sera from HIV-1-infected humans that were examined contained antibodies reactive with peptide 846-860, suggesting that this region is not highly immunogenic in humans. Of the human sera containing antibodies reactive with this peptide, all were from individuals classified as Walter Reed stages 1 to 3. No sera from humans with advanced stages of the disease contained antibodies reactive with peptide 846-860. Peptide 600-611, which reportedly reacts with nearly all sera from HIV-infected humans, was reactive with less than one-half of sera from HIV-1-infected chimpanzees. The observed differences in antibody reactivity to gp160 peptides in sera from HIV-1-infected chimpanzees and humans suggest that each may generate antibodies against differing sets of HIV-1 epitopes. These differences may contribute to the lack of disease progression in chimpanzees after infection with HIV-1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes involved in major histocompatibility complex unrestricted cellular cytotoxicity in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.

Lymphocyte subpopulations known to exert major histocompatibility complex (MHC) unrestricted cytotoxicity were enumerated in 33 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and in 10 patients with alcohol-induced fatty changes of the liver. Absolute numbers and percentages of lymphocytes bearing the CD57 (median 12 vs. 20%; p = 0.007) and CD16 (median 12 vs. 19%; p = 0.0027) antigens were significantly reduced in cirrhotic patients as compared to healthy control individuals, whereas no significant change in CD56+ cells (median 13 vs. 13%; n.s.), comprising a subpopulation with a high natural killer activity in normal individuals, was observed. A subset of these cells, cytotoxic T cells coexpressing CD56 and CD3 antigens and capable of MHC-unrestricted cellular cytotoxicity, was significantly increased in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis as compared to healthy control individuals (median 2 vs. 1%; p = 0.024). Patients with alcohol-induced fatty changes of the liver did not show any deviation of lymphocyte subpopulation from normal. The finding that lymphocyte subsets capable to exert most of the MHC-unrestricted cytotoxic capacity in peripheral blood (CD56+ non-T-cells and CD3+ CD56+ T cells) were unchanged or even increased in number suggests that the reduced natural killer cell activity known to occur in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis might be due to a functional defect of these cells. Furthermore, our results indicate that changes in frequency of MHC-unrestricted cytotoxic cells are not found in a similar manner in all subsets of these cells, but are dependent on the particular cell surface marker investigated.

Adult↗