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Biomedical subjects

H Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to H Weiss.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Coronary angiography with flashing tomosynthesis.

Thirty-four patients with coronary artery disease were studied with standard 35 mm coronary cineangiography and flashing tomosynthesis, to assess the value of the latter technique to detect stenotic coronary arteries. All occluded vessels and all coronary stenoses seen by cineangiography were also found by flashing tomosynthesis. A correlation coefficient of r = 0.85 (P less than 0.001) was determined between the degrees of stenosis obtained by the two techniques. With flashing tomosynthesis, less contrast medium was needed, the investigation time was shorter, and the radiation exposure markedly reduced. At present, dynamic events, such as collateral blood flow, cannot be evaluated. We conclude that coronary arterial stenoses and occlusions can be reliably evaluated by flashing tomosynthesis. Further technological developments are necessary for the technique to gain clinical acceptance.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of human adenomatous polyps of the colorectal bowel by means of DNA distribution patterns.

64 human adenomatous polyps of the colorectal bowel were investigated by histological examination and by flow cytometrical analysis providing DNA distribution patterns. The histological investigation yielded tubular adenomas (TA) in 41 and tubulo-villous adenomas (TVA) in 23 cases. Epithelial dysplasia or carcinomatous degeneration was found in 23 TA and in 11 TVA. Cell cycle stage analysis revealed no different values for TA and TVA without dysplasia, neither for TA and TVA with mild to moderate dysplasia. TVA with severe dysplasia exhibited a significantly higher proportion of cells with G2M phase DNA content than cases without dysplasia or mild to moderate dysplasia. TA and TVA without dysplasia were characterized by diploid DNA distribution patterns. TA with dysplasia showed aneuploid DNA stem lines in 4 of 20 cases, carcinomas arisen from TA in all 4 cases investigated. TVA with dysplasia were characterized by aneuploid DNA stem lines in 1 of 8 cases, carcinomas arisen from TVA in all 4 cases examined. It may be concluded that the DNA distribution patterns do not attribute different biological values to TA and TVA, 2 groups of adenomatous polyps which are characterized by different histological criteria.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Prognostically unfavorable factors in esophagus cancer. II. Value of diagnostic significance].

The analysis of data of 121 patients with esophageal carcinoma treated at the Department of Surgery, Landeskrankenhaus Klagenfurt, between 1969 and 1982 revealed that neither histological type nor tumor grading had any significant influence on survival time (p = greater than 0,158). However, tumor localization and length influenced the chance of survival; the more proximal the tumor the poorer the chance to survive more than one year (p = 0,0008); patients with tumors less than 6 cm in length had a better chance of survival (p = 0,031). Cures were achieved only after resection for stage I. Resections for stage II and III did not show any difference in prognosis (p = 0,879). Although no cures could be achieved by surgery, the 1-year survival chance was increased threefold (p = 0,041). In the absence of contraindications, resection should be carried out even when mediastinal lymphnodes are involved by tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Glutathione reductase of calf trabecular meshwork.

Hydrogen peroxide has been found in both calf and human aqueous humor at a level of 25 microM. It is likely, therefore, that trabecular meshwork possesses mechanisms for detoxifying H2O2, both to protect itself and other more distal structures of the outflow pathway from oxidative damage. We have recently demonstrated an active glutathione peroxidase in calf trabecular meshwork. In this study, we have characterized the complementary enzyme, glutathione reductase. The activity was present at a level of 0.120 units/min/g wet of tissue (0.005 units/min/mg soluble protein). The enzyme quickly lost activity in crude extracts but could be stabilized by heating at 60 degrees C for 30 min. Denatured protein was removed by centrifuging at 43,000 X g. Heating at 80 degrees C for 10 min destroyed all enzyme activity. Addition of 1 mM GSSG protected the enzyme completely from heat denaturation; NADP+ and GSH offered some protection but NADPH provided none. The supernatant from the 60 degrees C heat treatment was further purified by affinity chromatography on 2',5'-ADP-agarose. Overall purification was 200-fold with a yield of 80%. The pH optimum of the purified enzyme was 7.0. The KmS for NADPH and GSSG were 19 microM and 78 microM, respectively. The heat inactivation properties of the purified enzyme were identical to those in the crude extract. An enzyme activity stain on disc gel electrophoresis showed that the enzyme exists in only one form.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cystic kidneys. Genetics, pathologic anatomy, clinical picture, and prenatal diagnosis.

According to the classification of Osathanondh and Potter of cystic kidneys we give an overview of the different types of cystic changes taking genetic aspects into account. Usually pathoanatomic types do not represent genetic entities: All type I kidneys are transmitted in an autosomal recessive way with varying clinical symptoms; in rare cases they even present in adults. The relationship to "congenital hepatic fibrosis", "cystic liver", and to the "Caroli syndrome" is discussed. Type II kidneys are usually not genetic in origin; but they may occur as part of several syndromes. Rarely genetic factors might contribute to type II kidneys that may present as familial cases of Potter syndrome ("renal non-function syndrome"). Type IV kidneys, although different in their pathoanatomic picture can be regarded according to a common pathogenetic theory as part of the spectrum of malformations as in type II. Therefore the genetic interpretation of type II kidneys also applies to type IV lesions. Type III kidneys include autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. This type may already present in childhood; the first prenatal diagnosis by ultrasonography is described in detail. Furthermore type III changes are part of syndromes or non-hereditary malformation complexes, and often present only as mild manifestations. Diseases with isolated involvement of the medulla (juvenile nephronophthisis/medullary cystic disease) or cortex are described as part of the differential diagnosis, they are heterogeneous and genetically only partly understood. Syndromes with cystic kidneys are reviewed as well as the possibilities of prenatal diagnosis of cystic diseases. Reliable prenatal diagnosis is only possible in type II, and possible in some of the other types. The nosology is improved if genetic information is taken into account.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[Prenatal diagnosis of thanatophoric dwarfism with a cloverleaf skull--ultrasonographic findings, humane genetic aspects].

The ultrasonographic criteria for the prenatal diagnosis of thanatophore dwarfism with clover leaf skull are described. Facultative morbid anatomical peculiarities are described. Because of the prenatal findings the pregnancy was terminated by Caesarean Section at 30 weeks gestation in our case. Following the death of the infant the diagnosis was confirmed by radiological investigations and by autopsy. The ultrasonographic differential diagnosis from other types of dwarfism is discussed. The human genetic aspects are discussed with emphasis on the counselling regarding further pregnancies.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

[Value of sonography, computed tomography and angiography in adrenal diagnosis].

Between 1979 and 1982, 47 patients with pathological process of the adrenals were surgically treated after preceding thorough non-evasive angiographic diagnosis (6 phaeochromocytomas, 20 adrenal adenomas, 8 adrenal hyperplasias, 5 adrenal carcinomas, 5 adrenal cysts and 3 adrenal metastases). The most consistently accurate results were obtained via adrenal phlebography with an accuracy of 94%. This was followed by non-evasive computed tomography (87%). Compared with the data given in literature, hormone determination in the adrenal venous blood was less favourable (79%). Selective adrenal arteriography, which was used less often, yielded correct results in 83% of the cases, whereas the number of accurate diagnoses achieved via sonography was lowest with 54%.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

[Sonographic diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis].

The sonographic findings of 22 infants suspected of suffering from hypertrophic pyloric stenosis are reported. The central importance of the "cockade-sign" for the sonographic diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is stressed. Because of its accuracy sonography can replace radiological examination of the stomach in most cases.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Steroid sulfatase = aryl sulfatase C? Chromatographic and electrophoretic properties in extracts from placental microsomes and skin fibroblasts.

Although the deficiency of steroid sulfatase (STS) as well as aryl sulfatase C (ASC) activities in patients with X-linked recessive ichthyosis has been confirmed by several groups all over the world, the question whether STS = ASC is not yet completely answered. To obtain more information, Miranol H2M extracts from placental microsomes and cultured skin fibroblasts were subjected to gel permeation chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. STS (3H-dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) and ASC (4-methylumbelliferone sulfate) activities were estimated in the eluted gel permeation chromatography fractions and within the same gel cylinders in half gel slices. None of these two methods allowed a separation of the two microsomal sulfatase activities. From these results and from different behavior of STS and ASC (not deficient in uncultured skin preparations of X-linked recessive ichthyosis, different kinetic properties between STS and ASC, etc.) we propose microsomal sulfatase activities to be assembled in an enzyme aggregate.

Arylsulfatases↗
PubMed1984

Investigations on the instability of drug sensitivity in dependence on culture and transplantation conditions in case of a human lung carcinoma.

Changes of biological properties, DNA-distribution patterns and drug sensitivity testing in vivo and in vitro after different culture and transplantation conditions in case of a human lung carcinoma are described. While DNA-distribution patterns of cells before any culture (OSC, TC 0) showing two clearly different aneuploid cell populations (DNA-index DI: 3.9 and 4.9), cells after 8 passages (TC 8) in vitro demonstrate only one cell population. These cells do not differ from double value (4C) of diploid cells (2C). DNA-distribution patterns of cells of solid tumors grown in nude mice (nu/nu 2089-1) show a cell population with DI 6.3. In line with these results, cells and tissues after different culture and transplantation conditions exhibit variable drug sensitivities. The lung carcinoma (OSC) shows clear reactions measured either by 3H-thymidine or 3H-deoxyuridine in the presence of Cyclophosphamide and Methotrexate. Adriblastin and 5-Fluorouracil did not show any effects after 48 hours treatment. Cultivated cells (TC 8) were sensitive against all antineoplastic drugs tested. Tumor tissue grown in nude mice (nu/nu 2089-1) shows the strongest effect after 5-Fluorouracil treatment both in vitro and in vivo. Selection of different cell population were discussed with regard to these findings.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Endometrial cyst of the pancreas.

A 36-yr-old woman with a history of epigastric pain and a recent episode of acute pancreatitis was found at surgery to have a cyst in the tail of the pancreas that was lined by ectopic endometrial tissue. This is, to our knowledge, the first recorded case of endometriosis of the pancreas. The clinicopathologic features of this patient and the possible pathogenesis of her most unusual pancreatic lesion are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[In vitro cell and tissue cultures as a model for studying human tumors].

An experimental in vitro or in vivo tumour model should be unchanged represent the biological properties (e.g. histology, proliferation). Changes of tumour cell populations were determined by means of DNA-distribution and multinucleation after cytochalasin B treatment. Flow cytometry measurements on cell cultures in 50 ml glass culture flasks reveal reduction of polyploid cells after collagenase treatment of human mammary carcinomas. Selection of cell populations are responsible for the failed induction of multinucleation by cytochalasin B. In organ cultures the composition of cell population prior to and after 48 hours could maintained. The improved penetration could be demonstrated by autoradiographic measurements of 3H-thymidine incorporation. Thickness, surface and improved penetration of metabolites of vital tissue slices seem to be also important for cell movement and cell division. In 10 out of 12 experiments an earlier cell migration and proliferation could be observed from vital slices than from tissue pieces. Organ cultures represent sufficiently carcinoma in vivo and are more suitable than other mentioned in vitro cell culture methods.

Autoradiography↗