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Biomedical subjects

H Weber

Publications and source records attributed to H Weber.

717 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence for altered cyclic nucleotide metabolism during compensatory renal hypertrophy and neonatal kidney growth.

In adult male Sprague-Dawley rats contralateral nephrectomy was followed by an initial fall of the concentration of cGMP in renal cortical tissue followed by a rise to a peak level of 300 percent of the initial concentration within two hours. cGMP concentration in the remaining renal cortex remained at about 300 percent of the initial value during the subsequent 72 hours and slowly declined to 150-200 percent in the following two weeks. The changes in cGMP concentration were due to exactly parallel changes in the soluble fraction of renal cortical guanylate cyclase activity, while cGMP-phosphodiesterase activity remained unchanged. cAMP concentration after contralateral nephrectomy fell significantly by about 25 percent within two hours and remained below baseline level for up to eight hours. In the kidneys of newborn rats the concentration of cAMP was approximately one-half that found in adult kidneys: it slightly fell between the fourth and the seventh day after birth and subsequently continuously rose to reach adult values approximately two weeks after birth. The concentration of cGMP was significantly greater four days after birth than in adult rats, further rose between the fourth and the seventh day after birth and subsequently gradually declined to adult levels. The increased cGMP concentration appears to be due to an increase of guanylate cyclase activity in total kidney homogenates which, in turn, was mainly due to an increase of the particulate (membrane-bound) fraction of the enzyme. cGMP-phosphodiesterase activity, however, was also increased in respect to adult levels, one or three weeks after birth. Renal growth from the seventh day after birth to adulthood is accompanied by a continuous increase of the ratio cAMP/cGMP. Removal of one kidney four to seven days after birth resulted in a slower increase of this ratio. The data suggest that cGMP may trigger renal growth and that increases of cGMP concentration in the kidneys are the result of a primary increase in the activity of guanylate cyclase.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of ankle fractures: non-operative and operative treatment.

A relatively great number of supination abduction fractures did not need surgical treatment because displacement was not present. Significantly better results occurred with operative intervention in supination--eversion and pronation--eversion ankle fractures. Supination--abduction and supination--eversion ankle fractures are best treated by open reduction, anatomical restoration and stabilization of the fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biomechanical aspects of two different implant-prosthetic concepts for edentulous maxillae.

Two essentially different implant-prosthetic concepts are known for the treatment of edentulous maxillae. One concept propagates a "concentrated" arrangement of four to six implants in the premolar and anterior regions with a fixed cantilever superstructure. An alternative is a "spread-out" implant arrangement of six implants placed in the tuberosity, premolar, and anterior regions. The prosthetic rehabilitation consists of a fixed horseshoe-shaped bar and a removable prosthesis. A cantilever situation is avoided. The biomechanical aspects of these implant-prosthetic concepts were studied with clinical strain-gauge measurements and theoretical three-dimensional analysis using the finite element method. Results revealed that the distribution of bone stresses is more favorable with a spread-out implant arrangement than with a concentrated implant arrangement and cantilever restoration. The resistance to bending of a superstructure has an influence on bone stress concentration that should not be ignored. Stresses are controlled not only by the number or distribution of implants, but also by the material and design of the superstructure.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
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Changes in chewing patterns after implantation in the edentulous mandible.

Almost all edentulous patients with implant-supported prostheses in mandibles describe an improvement in their chewing function and quality of life. This was reason to believe that an implant prosthetic treatment actually influences mandibular border movements, as well as the chewing patterns. The present study compares border movements and chewing patterns in 15 patients recorded with the Sirognathograph. The first measurements were made with existing complete dentures. After implantation and rehabilitation with a Dolder-bar and clip-to-bar overdenture, the movements were recorded again. The measurements revealed an improved guidance of the mandibular movements and larger borderline patterns following stabilization of the complete denture with the bar. This leads to more harmonic shapes in the movements and better chewing efficiency.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of edentulous patients with temporomandibular disorders with implant-supported overdentures.

Treatment of edentulous patients who have temporomandibular disorders is difficult because of the poor stability of their conventional complete dentures. With an implant-supported bar and a clip-to-bar overdenture, mandibular dentures can be stabilized. The results of a prospective clinical study of 10 edentulous patients with temporomandibular disorders and treatment with implant-supported overdentures in mandibles are presented. Before and after 3 years of wearing the implant-supported overdentures, patients were interviewed and a clinical functional analysis was taken. Patients with displacement of the articular disc or bone destruction of the joints had a decrease in pain, an enhanced mobility of the mandible, and a decrease in temporomandibular joint sounds. Patients with pain of muscular genesis as a result of bruxism suffered after 3 years from the same pain and did not show an improvement of muscle or joint sensitivity.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical follow-up study of ceramic veneered titanium restorations--three-year results.

Eighty-four titanium restorations having 125 ceramic veneers were placed for 32 patients. One hundred sixteen (93%) of the veneers could be reexamined after 21 to 41 months. Two of the restorations required removal because of a partial veneer loss. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed, giving a survival probability of .85 for single crowns and .59 for fixed partial dentures after a time interval of 30 months, regarding the veneer cracking or chipping. There was a significantly higher survival probability for single crowns than for fixed partial dentures (P=.001, logrank test). It was concluded that ceramic veneered titanium restorations should be limited to single crowns.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Deficiencies in rehabilitation measures in the course of early chronic polyarthritis].

It was the objective of this descriptive cohort study with prospective and retrospective data collection to examine whether measures of rehabilitation medicine and of vocational rehabilitation are too rare during the course of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Seventy three gainfully employed consecutive outpatients with early RA at the first examination (time one -T1) (> or = 5 ARA 1958 criteria, disease duration < or = 12 months) were reexamined at time two (T2) after a mean follow-up of 6 years (S.D. +/- 2 yrs.). Of the 73 patients 27 persons received a social security pension at T2 because of work disability (WD) due to RA. This group was analysed separately from the 34 patients who were still working at T2. Even though the 27 patients with WD had severe disease (functional capacity, ESR, radiological erosions) at T2, only 17 (63%) had participated in inpatient rehabilitation programmes. Despite frequent strenuous job-related physical requirements in 44-70% of the patients with WD measures of vocational rehabilitation had been taken in only 26%: vocational retraining in 4%, adaptation of the workplace because of RA in 8%, reduced working-time in 22%. No patient had changed the job. At least one of these measures of vocational rehabilitation had been taken in only 7 of 34 of the persons working at T2 (21%). Of these 34 patients 21-39% reported continued difficulties with different physical requirements of their jobs. In the early phase of RA significant shortcomings regarding the measures of rehabilitation medicine and vocational rehabilitation could be demonstrated. The early initiation of rehabilitation programmes aims at an improvement of the patient's physical abilities and an adjustment of the job requirements.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indicators of work incapacity in the first year of chronic polyarthritis].

Already in the early phase of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) sick-leave (SL) frequently indicates a severe handicap with respect to work capacity. However, the significance of demographic, disease and work characteristics for SL are not known in early RA. Therefore, the indicators of SL (defied as the history of SL as certified by a physician) were sought in a cross-sectional multicenter study of early RA (< or = 1 year duration). One-hundred-and-thirty-four employed consecutive outpatients fulfilled > or = 4 of 7 ARA 1987 criteria of RA: 85 females (63%), age 50 years (median), disease duration 7 months (median). At the time of the examination 74 of the 134 patients (55%) were on SL because of RA (dependent dichotomous variable of the analyses). In order to identify the most important indicators of SL all variables with p < or = 0.10 in univariate analyses were entered into a multivariate logistic regression (stepwise forward analysis, p < or = 0.10). Parameters included in two different regression models (somatic variable and depression, job characteristics, respectively) were analyzed together in order to find the final model (p < or = 0.05). The following variables were included in the final logistic regression model of SL (p < or = 0.05): higher values of age, pain, and number of swollen joints, frequent overhead work, frequent pressure of time at work. Other indicators of SL in univariate analyses (p < or = 0.10) were not included in the model: male sex, low functional capacity, walking time, control over the pace and activities of work, occupational qualification, elevated ESR and depression. Significant indicators of SL are work conditions, disease activity, pain and age. Thus interventions focusing on the amelioration of the work capacity and thereby on the reduction of SL should concentrate on both the control of the disease and the improvement of the work conditions.

Absenteeism↗