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H Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to H Watanabe.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Evaluation of frozen section diagnosis of parotid gland tumors].

A retrospective study is presented comparing the results of 167 frozen section diagnoses of surgical extirpated parotid gland tumors with permanent-section diagnoses. Percentages of correct diagnosis for malignancy (cases correctly classified as benign or malignant tumors) and of correct diagnosis for histopathology (cases in which frozen section diagnosis and permanent-section diagnosis were identical) were calculated. Percentages of correct diagnosis for malignancy in all cases, benign cases, and malignant cases were 98.8%, 99.3%, and 95.8%, respectively. Percentages of correct diagnosis for histopathology in all cases, benign cases, and malignant cases were 94.0%, 97.2%, and 75.0%, respectively. These results are superior to the previous reports both of frozen section diagnosis and of fine-needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis although the data for histopathological diagnosis in malignant tumors are average compared to previous reports. We conclude that diagnoses of most parotid gland tumors based on frozen section examination are reliable and accurate, but caution should be exercised in malignant tumors diagnosis.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1999

[Prognostic significance of EGFR and p53 expression, and angiogenesis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma].

PURPOSE: To estimate the influence of EGFR, p53, and angiogenesis to the survival of laryngeal cancer patients. PATIENTS: Ninety-seven laryngeal cancer patients who received initial treatment at Gifu University Hospital from 1986 to 1996. Patients were classified as follows: T2, 51; T3, 35; T4, 13. METHOD: Using monoclonal antibodies against EGFR, p53, and factor VIII, respectively, immunohistochemical staining was performed on surgically obtained biopsy specimens. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses in accordance with Cox proportional hazards model were performed to adjust for the possible confounding effects and interactions of each factor. Three different end points, i.e. any death, cancer-related death, and cancer relapse (either local recurrence or distant metastasis), were used to evaluate overall survival, cause-specific survival, and relapse-free survival, respectively. RESULT: In univariate analysis, sex (P = 0.0052), age (P = 0.0038), T stage (P = 0.0096) and N stage (P = 0.0261) were significantly correlated with overall survival; sex (P = 0.0076), T stage (P = 0.0167) and factor VIII expression (P = 0.0443) were related to cause-specific survival; T stage (P = 0.0005) and EGFR expression (P = 0.0103) were related to relapse-free survival. In multivariate analysis, supraglottis (P = 0.0296) and factor VIII expression (P = 0.0345) were significantly correlated with overall survival; supraglottis (P = 0.0333), T stage (P = 0.0179) and factor VIII expression (P = 0.0134) were significantly correlated with cause-specific survival; T stage (P = 0.0166), chemotherapy (P = 0.0087) and EGFR expression (P = 0.0016) were significantly correlated with relapse-free survival. CONCLUSION: The present study confirmed that multivariate analysis in accordance with the Cox proportional hazards model revealed that angiogenesis was an independent predictor of overall survival and cause-specific survival, and that EGFR expression was an independent predictor of relapse-free survival in patients with T2, T3 or T4 laryngeal cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Houseflies: not simple mechanical vectors of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7.

An epidemic of enterohemorrhagic colitis caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC-O157) occurred in a nursery school in a rural area of Japan in September 1996. The EHEC-O157 were isolated both from patients and houseflies collected at the school. The flies were suspected to be mechanical vectors of the pathogen. Feeding experiments of EHEC-O157 to houseflies showed that the ingested bacteria were harbored in the intestine of flies and continued to be excreted at least for 3 days after feeding. Scanning electron microscopy showed that a large number of EHEC-O157 adhered to the surface of the housefly mouthparts and actively proliferated in the minute spaces of the labellum. Food masses containing EHEC-O157 in the fly intestine were completely surrounded by a peritrophic membrane during digestion and discharged rapidly. The persistence of bacteria in the intestine and feces is mainly a result of proliferation in the mouthparts and accumulation in the crop. Our results strongly suggest that houseflies are not simple mechanical vectors of EHEC. The epidemiologic potential of houseflies to disseminate EHEC-O157 may be greater than initially suspected.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Prognostic factors in a patients with renal cell carcinoma].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate prognostic factors of renal cell carcinoma using univariate statistics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Materials are 182 patients treated from 1976 to 1992. Kaplan-Meier method and generalized wilcoxon test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Seventy cases were found incidentally without any symptoms. The overall 5- and 10-year survival rates by Kaplan-Meier method were 73.8% and 66.2%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, sex, chief complaints, tumor sizes, T-Stages, venous invasions and grades were statistically significant prognostic factors. The prognosis of males more than 60 years of age was significantly poor. The prognosis of patients with incidentalomas was far better than that of symptomatic patients. CONCLUSION: Sex and chief complaints were pointed out as significant prognostic factors for renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The investigation of age-specific PSA reference range as the cut-off values in the mass screening for prostatic cancer].

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to determine age-specific PSA reference ranges in Japanese healthy men and investigate the effectiveness of these ranges as the cut-off values in the mas screening for prostatic cancer. METHODS: The study included a total of 5,206 male aged from 55 to 89 years old who wished to submit the mass screening for prostatic cancer in an urban area of Kyoto in 1995-1997, but had no evident prostatic cancer. We measured serum PSA levels by the filter paper method (Delfia PSA kit). RESULTS: We found the increase in serum PSA levels with the advancing age. With the 95th percentile for serum PSA as the upper limit, the age-specific PSA reference ranges were determined to be 2.1 ng/ml for patients aged 55 to 59 years old, 3.2 ng/ml for 60 to 69 years old, 4.4 ng/ml for 70 to 79 years old, 6.5 ng/ml for 80 to 89 years old. If we used these ranges as the cut-off values in the mass screening this time, five cases from 76 to 89 years old of prostatic cancer were overlooked. CONCLUSIONS: We found the increase in serum PSA levels with advancing age. But the positive proof of using this range to a mass screening for prostatic cancer was not certified, because time incidence of prostatic cancer in the examinees was uncertain and there is a possibility of overlooking some cases.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

[Postoperative respiratory management in patients undergoing radical surgery with three fields lymph node dissection for thoracic esophageal cancer: clinical benefits of assisted ventilation with mini-tracheostomy].

The benefits of early extubation and assisted ventilation with mini-tracheostomy and preventive positive pressure ventilation in the early stage after thoracic esophageal cancer operation are examined and compared. Subjects were 23 patients who underwent radical operation for thoracic esophageal cancer in our hospital over a 5 year period. Ten patients (A group) underwent positive pressure ventilation with postoperative intubation for a certain period. Thirteen patients (B group) were extubated the day after operation, then immediately mini-tracheostomized, and then intermittent high-frequency jet ventilation during the daytime and pressure controlled ventilation during the nighttime were conducted. There were no differences in background factors between the two groups. The mean period of tracheal intubation was 8.8 days in the A group and 1.6 days in the B group. The mean period of stay in ICU was 13 days in the A group and 7 days in the B group. Both such periods were significantly shorter in the B group than in the A group. Respiratory control by early extubation and mini-tracheostomy after thoracic esophageal cancer operation is considered to have the following two benefits; 1. The method is performed safely, and makes sputum suction easier and assisted respiration conductible. 2. The method reduces the incidence of pulmonary complications and shortens the period of stay in ICU.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Three cases of urinary retention caused by uterine leiomyoma].

Three females with urinary retention caused by uterine leiomyoma are reported. The patients were 35, 48 and 50 years old. In each patient, transabdominal ultrasonography showed a large and homogeneous mass located in the retrovesical space, compressing the bladder. Pre-operative computed tomographic (CT) scan and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed uterine leiomyoma which severely compressed the bladder from the posterior wall to the urethra. The urinary symptoms completely resolved in all patients following total hysterectomy, and postoperative uroflowmetry demonstrated normal voiding.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Anesthetic management of an infant with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect accompanied by excess pulmonary blood flow for systemic-pulmonary shunt operation].

A 6-month-old infant had pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PA + VSD) accompanied by excess pulmonary artery flow via major aortopulmonary collateral artery, underwent aortopulmonary shunt with artificial graft under midazolam-fentanyl anesthesia. After the administration of protamine, arterial oxygen saturation gradually decreased. We suspected that hypotension and decrease in cardiac output induced by protamine caused the decrease in pulmonary blood flow via central shunt. It is suggested that pulmonary blood flow should be maintained by using an inotropic agent and a selective pulmonary arterial dilator such as prostaglandin E1 in a patient with PA + VSD after the institution of aorto-pulmonary shunt, because the patient with excess pulmonary flow has been reported to have high pulmonary resistance due to pulmonary abnormalities such as stenosis and thrombosis.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1999

Detection of mutations of p53 tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic juice and its application to diagnosis of patients with pancreatic cancer: comparison with K-ras mutation.

Because of the difficulty in obtaining biopsy specimens from pancreatic cancer patients, K-ras mutation analysis in pancreatic juice has been used for specific diagnosis. But recently, false positives have been obtained with this method. To improve the genetic diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, detection of p53 gene mutation in pancreatic juice was studied. Pancreatic juice was sampled endoscopically. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis was used for p53 mutation analysis. Furthermore, K-ras mutations at codon 12 were also studied in the same pancreatic cancer patients. Of 26 cases of pancreatic cancer, p53 mutations were detected in 11 (42.3%). No mutations were seen in the cases with mucin-producing adenoma nor with chronic pancreatitis. K-ras mutations were detected in 84.0% of cases by RFLP analysis, which has high sensitivity, and in 65.3% by hybridization protection assay, which has high specificity. Using a combination assay with both genes, genetic abnormalities were detected in 92.0% by RFLP and 73.1% by hybridization protection assay including two cases in which p53 alone was positive by both methods. The specificity of p53 mutation for pancreatic cancer is very high. Therefore, simultaneous analysis of p53 and K-ras mutation is suggested to enhance the genetic diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Preliminary investigation of resistance of plasmid DNA to neon ion beams using transformation into recipient Escherichia coli cells.

The sensitivity of the vector plasmid pKmK8 DNA to neon ion beams was studied under dry conditions. This plasmid contains the cloning vector pJKKmf(-) and a 3.6 kbp segment encoding the Escherichia coli crp gene that can be used in mutagenesis analysis. The survival curve of the plasmid indicated an exponential profile and a D10 value of about 16 kGy in the E. coli wild-type strain for DNA repair capability. This was similar to the D10 value for the shuttle vector plasmid pZ189 DNA. Therefore, it was assumed that the excision repair system in E. coli was not effective for repairing DNA lesions induced by irradiation with heavy ion beams.

DNA Damage↗
PubMed1999

[Surgical treatment of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus and prognosis].

There is no consensus regarding the surgical approach to adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus. From 1980 to 1988, 8 patients with adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus were treated at the National Cancer Center Hospital. Seven patients underwent subtotal esophagectomy with extended lymph node dissection, and one transhiatal esophagogastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection. In 4 patients tumor invasion was limited within the submucosa and in 4 within the muscularis propria. Four of 8 patients had stage I disease. The 5-year survival rate for the 8 patients was 64.3%. Some reports have indicated that endoscopic survey for Barrett's esophagus is important for early diagnosis. We conclude that survival after esophagectomy for adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus is dependent on the method of operation, and that patients with early lesions may expect significantly better survival after extended lymph node dissection.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Computational analysis of the oxygen addition at the C4a site of reduced flavin in the bacterial luciferase bioluminescence reaction.

The energetic characteristics of selected reaction steps in the bacterial luciferase-catalyzed luminescence reaction were examined by computation using the MNDO-PM3 method. Specifically, a three-step model was proposed to account for the reaction between oxygen and reduced riboflavin 5'-phosphate (1,5H2-FMN) to generate first the 5-hydroFMN-4a-peroxide (5H-FMN-4aOO-) and then the 5-hydro-4a-hydroperoxyFMN (5H-FMN-4aOOH) intermediates. Lysine (Lys-H+) and aspartate (Asp-) were chosen as representative catalytic residues involved in the protonation and deprotonation processes. Results show that deprotonation at the N1 site of 1,5H2-FMN by a basic amino acid residue at the luciferase active site would efficiently accelerate the reaction rate of O2 addition to form 5H-FMN-4aOO-. The most favored site of oxygen attack is at the flavin C4a. With the aid of a catalytic acid group, the 5H-FMN-4aOO- so formed tends to undergo a spontaneous protonation reaction to yield the 5H-FMN-4aOOH.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1999

[Urine C-peptide excretion in hypocaloric states and factors affecting its excretion].

Recent evidence suggests that hyperinsulinemia may contribute to the development of various risk factors of atherosclerosis. To examine the effects of energy intake on insulin secretion, 24-h urine C-peptide was measured in twelve women with rheumatoid arthritis who were not taking any medicine and stayed in Koda hospital for a diet therapy which lasted 55 days. They were basically placed on a 1200 kcal/day vegan diet combined with three 3-5-day fasting periods (200 kcal/day). Urine C-peptide excretion markedly decreased from 31-40 to 8-14 micrograms/day during the fasting periods. Among the anthropometric variables examined, the average level of urine C-peptide excretions measured in the fasting periods showed a significant correlation with the percentage and the amount of body fat. However, such correlation was not observed while the calorie intake was 1200 kcal. No clinical laboratory parameter showed a significant correlation with urinary C-peptide excretion. These results suggest that the major determinant of urine C-peptide excretion is food intake and that hyperinsulinemia could be easily improved by restricting energy intake.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1999

Histological and genetic changes in malignant transformation of gallbladder adenoma.

DESIGN: Elucidate the histological and genetic changes in malignant transformation of adenoma of the gallbladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-three adenomas and 20 intramucosal tumors of carcinoma-in-adenomas were studied for histological and genetic changes (particularly K-ras mutation and p53 protein overexpression by immunohistochemistry) in malignant transformation. The genetic changes were compared with those of 164 carcinomas without anomalous union and 17 carcinomas with anomalous union of pancreatico-biliary duct. RESULTS: Atypical cell foci, i.e. spindle cell foci, were observed only in the adenoma area, with a frequency of 23% in 39 adenomas, and of 45% in 20 tumors of carcinoma-in-adenoma. 129 of 130 spindle cell foci examined were negative for Ki-67 staining and all the spindle cell foci were negative for p53 stain. K-ras mutation and p53 overexpression were not found in all adenomas, pure and with carcinoma i.s., and only one carcinoma (1/16, 6%) with adenoma showed p53 overexpression. K-ras mutation was low (10%, 4/40) in carcinomas without adenoma, but high in carcinomas with anomalous union of pancreatico-biliary duct. While, p53 overexpression was high and similar in carcinomas with and without anomalous union. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there are three distinct pathways in gallbladder carcinogenesis; that is, de novo carcinoma develops from a predominant p53 alteration with low K-ras mutation, de novo carcinoma with anomalous union from K-ras mutation and p53 mutation, and carcinoma-in-adenoma from K-ras-, p53-, and probably APC-gene-related, as yet unknown, alteration.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1999

Relationship of TT virus infection with prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and elevated alanine aminotransferase levels.

A novel DNA virus, TT virus (TTV), was identified in a Japanese patient with posttransfusion hepatitis. The epidemiology and etiological role of this virus have not been elucidated. We investigated the epidemiology of TTV infection in hepatitis C virus (HCV) high endemic and low endemic areas, R town and M town, respectively. The seroprevalence, potential risk factors, and laboratory features of TTV in relation to those of HCV were analyzed. TTV DNA was detected using a seminested polymerase chain reaction and the TTV genotypes were determined by a direct sequencing method. TTV DNA was detected in 16.1% of the subjects in R town and 17.5% of those in M town. The TTV DNA positivity rates of the 2 areas did not differ significantly. A history of blood transfusion was not a specific risk factor for TTV infection. The mean serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level of the anti-HCV-positive subjects was significantly higher than that of the TTV DNA-positive subjects, most of whom had normal ALT levels. The TTV genotype distributions of these 2 distinct areas differed. These results suggest that TTV infection is widespread with a geographical genotypic distribution independent of HCV infection and that the ALT abnormalities are not attributable to TTV but to HCV infection in the general population.

Aged↗