Histopathology of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in rabbit eyes.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
H Wang
Publications and source records attributed to H Wang.
Multizone and transition zone photorefractive keratectomy for high myopia.
BACKGROUND: Variations in ablation profile may alter the stability of refraction and cause adverse effects in photorefractive keratectomy. We compared the benefits of multizone and transition zone ablation in the treatment of high and extreme myopia. METHODS: A scanning excimer laser system, Nidek EC-5000 was used with three-zone treatment and our results were compared retrospectively with results obtained in a group with a conventional ablation profile using a transition zone. RESULTS: Six-month follow-up data were available for 65 eyes with a transition zone and 46 eyes with three-zone treatment. Postoperative mean (+/- SD) healing time was 2.98 days (+/- 0.12) and 3.02 days (+/- 0.15) and night vision disturbances were 16% and 11.5% respectively, (p > 0.05). Refractive regression was also similar in the two groups; uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better was 90.77% and 89.14%. At 6 months postoperatively, the mean (+/- SD) corneal clarity score was 0.61 (+/- 0.29) in the transition zone group, and 0.51 (+/- 0.07) in the multizone group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: No discernible differences between treatments were found in either epithelial healing or refractive outcome, such as regression, between the groups. Corneal haze was less in eyes treated with three-zone ablation.
Adult↗
Bacterial penetration into eggs washed with various chemicals and stored at different temperatures and times.
Eggs were washed with one of three commercial egg-washing chemicals, including a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC, pH 7.5), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, pH 12), and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, 100 ppm, pH 7.5). One hundred fifty intact-shell eggs were washed at 43.3 degrees C with each of three chemicals. A control group was washed with tap water (H2O, pH 7.0). The washed eggs then were inoculated by immersion for 3 min into an aqueous suspension of Salmonella enteritidis at 10(4) colony-forming units/ml and dried for 30 min. The washed and inoculated eggs were stored at 4 degrees C or 23 degrees C, and bacterial penetration was checked at 0-, 7-, 14-, and 21-day intervals. The effects of egg-washing chemicals on microstructural changes of eggshell and postwash inoculation were examined using electron microscopy and conventional culture methods. Fifteen eggs were used in each sample. The results of microbial tests showed that both QAC and sodium hypochlorite treatments reduced bacterial penetration (less than 3.4% and 6.7%, respectively, on day 1 and 16.7% on day 21). The sodium carbonate treatment facilitated bacterial penetration during egg storage (less than 30% on day 1 and 76.7% on day 21). The eggs washed with tap water had a bacterial penetration rate of less than 6.7% on day 1 and 20% on day 21. As the storage intervals increased to 21 days, the bacterial penetration rate increased. Different storage temperatures (4 degrees C and 23 degrees C) did not cause a significant difference in bacterial penetration rates within 21-day interval. The results of electron microscopy showed that QAC and sodium hypochlorite at 100 ppm resulted in microbiologically clean eggs and did not destroy eggshell surfaces, which protected the eggs against future bacterial recontamination. The alkaline sodium carbonate produced visually clean eggs but altered the eggshell surface, which allowed bacterial recontamination.
Animals↗
Translocation of MAP (Erk-1 and -2) kinases to cell nuclei and activation of c-fos gene during healing of experimental gastric ulcers.
We examined localization of extracellular signal regulated kinases (Erk) 1 and 2, and c-fos mRNA expression in normal and ulcerated gastric mucosa in rats at 1, 3 and 7 days after gastric ulcer induction. In normal gastric mucosa immunofluorescence signal for Erk-1 and Erk-2 was detectable in surface epithelial, neck and some glandular cells. In gastric mucosa of the ulcer margin, almost all epithelial cells displayed strong Erk-1 and Erk-2 immunoreactivity in the basolateral membranes and the cytoplasm. In addition 19+/-3% of cells showed nuclear localization of the Erk-1 and -2 signal. The c-fos mRNA expression was increased by 790+/-14% and 220+/-10%, respectively in gastric ulcer at 3 and 7 days after ulcer induction. Since in in vitro models nuclear translocation of Erk-1 and -2 triggers cell proliferation, our finding indicates relevance of this mechanism to gastric ulcer healing.
Animals↗
Isolation and characterization of a mannose-binding lectin from leaves of the Chinese daffodil Narcissus tazetta.
A mannose-binding lectin was isolated from leaves of the Chinese daffodil Narcissus tazetta (family Amaryllidaceae) using a procedure that comprised extraction with aqueous buffer, ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, affinity chromatography on Affi-gel Blue gel and mannose-agarose, and FPLC-gel filtration on Superose 12. The lectin was adsorbed on mannose-agarose and unadsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Affi-gel Blue gel. It was an unglycosylated homodimer with a molecular mass of 26 kDa. Analysis of the N-terminal sequence of the N. tazetta lectin revealed considerable homology to lectins from the daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus, the snowdrop Galanthus nivalis (family Amaryllidaceae), the tulip Tulipa, and Kidachi aloe Aloe arborescens (family Liliaceae), and the orchid lectins (family Orchidaceae). The most striking likeness exists among the Amaryllidaceae lectins. The N. tazetta lectin exhibits hemagglutinating activity toward rabbit erythrocytes.
Carbohydrate Metabolism↗
Clinical studies on diffuse axonal injury in patients with severe closed head injury.
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical criteria for diagnosing diffuse axonal injury (DAI). METHODS: Clinical and computed tomographic features of 117 patients with severe closed head injury were analyzed. The authors preliminarily put forward CT diagnostic criteria of DAI, that is, 1) single or multiple small intraparenchymal hemorrhages in the cerebral hemispheres (< 2 cm in diameter); 2) intraventricular hemorrhage; 3) hemorrhage in the corpus callosum; 4) small focal areas of hemorrhage adjacent to the third ventricle (< 2 cm in diameter); and 5) brain stem hemorrhage. All patients were divided into two groups, DAI and non-DAI group, according to the criteria. There were 42 patients in the DAI group and 75 patients in the non-DAI group. The injury causes, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores on admission, coexisting injuries and outcomes were compared between the two groups. The relationship between DAI and the outcomes in the patients with severe head injury was analyzed. RESULTS: Traffic accident was the main injury cause in the cases of DAI. GCS scores on admission in patients with DAI were significantly lower than those in patients without DAI. The incidence of diffuse brain swelling (DBS) in the DAI group was significantly higher than that in the non-DAI group, whereas the incidences of both skull fracture and epidural hematoma (EDH) in the DAI group were significantly lower than those in non-DAI group. There was no significant difference between the incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and subdural hematoma (SDH) in the two groups. The incidence of poor outcome in the DAI group was significantly higher than that in the non-DAI group, although there was no significant difference between the mortalities in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Because DAI is a very important factor worsening the outcome of patients with head injury, it is essential to make a diagnosis as soon as possible. The clinical manifestations of DAI, however, are not specific and DAI does not show directly on CT scans, so it is difficult to make a definite diagnosis. The CT diagnostic criteria of DAI put forward in this article are practicable, though they are by no means perfect.
Adolescent↗
[A community-based survey on hypertension in the medium-aged-elderly in Jiuxianqiao area Beijing].
UNLABELLED: To investigate the epidemiologic features of hypertension and major risk factors in the middle-elderly in Jiuxianqiao area and to develop reasonable preventive strategies, from June to December 1996, nine communities of Jiuxianqiao area were selected for the study. Two thousand and fifty-five middle-elderly (age > or = 50 years old) were investigated including measurement of blood pressure and identifying risk factors of hypertension. Two hundred and thirty-nine hypertensive patients and two hundreds sixty-seven person with normal blood pressure from the study population were examined through oral 75 grams glucose tolerance and electrocardiogram. The prevalence rates of definite and borderline hypertension were 31.6% and 10.9% respectively with a total rate of 42.5%. The prevalence rate of definite hypertension in males was significantly higher than that in females (P < 0.05). The prevalence rate of systolic hypertension was 7.5% but increased paralelly with age (P < 0.05). The prevalence rate of systolic hypertension in females was not significantly higher than that in males. 25.6% of patients with hypertension under investigation denied or were ignorant about having hypertension. The prevalence rates of diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and coronary heart disease in hypertensive group were significantly higher than that in people with normal blood pressure (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Hypertension is a disease that seriously endangers the health of the middle-elderly in the community on which calls for more care and education in the community.
Aged↗
[Verification and epidemiological study on endemic iodide-induced goiter in Jiangsu Old Yellow River flooded plain].
To verify the existence and reveal the epidemiological characteristics of endemic iodide-induced goiter in Jiangsu Old Yellow River flooded plain, 12 spots were selected in this survey. The results showed that the total goiter rate of 22.18% by palpation and 12.83% by B-ultrasound which surpassed the 5%-cutpoint-recommended jointly by WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. The urinary iodine median was 962 micrograms/L in 607 samples. The average 24 hours I31iodine-emissivity ratio was 4.6 +/- 0.3% with most of the serum TSH, T4, T3 within normal ranges. Of 1049 water samples in 65 towns, 771 had iodine content over 300 micrograms/L with water iodine concentration over 300 micrograms/L in 52 towns. These findings suggested that goiter in this plain had been endemic which related to excessive iodine in shallow well water. Heavy load of iodine over general population was noticed.
Child↗
[Application of biomarkers in homologous clone identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli].
OBJECTIVE: To study the application of multiple molecular biotechniques and multi-biomarkers in homologous clone identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). METHODS: On the basis of detection and typing for toxigenic genes, plasmid analysis combined with multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE) was used for the first time in the comprehensive research on ETEC homologous clone. RESULTS: Two hundred and six strains of ETEC could be classified into 93 plasmid types with plasmid profiling, and 140 strains with unique genotype. Those 206 strains of ETEC could be classified into 148 electrophoresis-types by MEE further, and altogether 190 strains with unique genotype, by combination of three methods. CONCLUSION: Multiple molecular biotechniques and multi-biomarkers can provide much more and more reliable information in homologous clone identification.
Diarrhea↗
[Autopsies of coal workers with chronic bronchitis].
OBJECTIVE: To study the pathological features of chronic bronchitis in coal miners. METHODS: Pathological specimens collected in postmortem examinations for 180 deceased coal miners were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 180 deceased coal miners, there were 155 cases of chronic bronchitis, with a prevalence rate of 86.1%, mainly affecting bronchia and bronchiole. No correlation between chronic bronchitis and coal worker pneumoconiosis was found. The most apparent features of chronic bronchitis in coal miners include dust deposition and dust cell infiltration on the walls of bronchi at all levels, and dust fibrosis around the bronchial walls, with the most severe pathological change of dust deposition on the respiratory bronchiole. CONCLUSION: Most of the coal miners with chronic bronchitis (accounting for 80.0% of the total) manifested dust deposition and mixture of dust deposition and inflammation. Simple inflammatory bronchitis was rare.
Bronchi↗
[Processing of ceramiclike xenogeneic bone and experimental study of its bone formation from composite graft combined with bone marrow].
Ceramiclike xenogeneic bone (CXB) was obtained from the fresh bone of pig ribs being treated by physical and chemical methods to deprive of its organic substance. The CXB possessed the same natural porous network system as that of the human. The CXB was cultured with the bone marrow stromal cells of rabit. When the marrow cells had integrated with the CXB, thus a new material was obtained. (CXB-BM), and was implanted sacro-spinal muscle of rabbit. The specimens were observed under phase microscope, light microscope and electronic scanning microscope. The results showed that: at the 2nd week after the implantation of CBX-BM composite material there began the new bone formation, and the rate of bone formation was increased with time. There was evident new bone formation after 24 weeks. The process of the new bone formation were quite similar to the composite graft of HAP red autogenous and marrow, but the former degraded faster and formed typical cancellous structure earlier. There was no new bone formation when CXB was implanted alone in the control. Both the mechanism of osteogenetic potential and its clinical application were discussed.
Animals↗
[Repair of cartilage defect in joint with transplantation of cryopreserved homologous embryonic periosfeum of rabbits].
In order to repair cartilage defect in joint with transplantation of cryopreserved homologous embryonic periosteum, 30 rabbits were used and divided into two groups. A 4 mm x 7 mm whole thickness cartilage defect was made in the patellar groove of femur of each rabbit. The homologous embryonic rabbit skull periosteum (ERSP), preserved in two-step freezing schedule, was transplanted onto the cartilage defect of joints of one group and autogenous periosteal graft was done in the joint defect of the other group. The knees were not immobilized, following operation and 16 weeks later, the newly formed tissue in the defects were assessed by gross observation, histochemical examination and biochemical analysis. The results showed that new hyaline-like cartilage was formed in the cryopreserved ERSP grafted knee, and had no significant difference from that of the knee receiving autogenous periosteal graft, but had significant difference from that of the fresh ERSP grafted knee and the non-grafted knee. Furthermore, the new hyaline-like cartilage had the biochemical characteristics of a fibrous cartilage. The conclusion was that this method might be feasible to repair articular cartilage defects.
Animals↗
Glutathione-related enzyme activities in human fetal adrenal, liver, and kidney.
AIM: To understand the capacity of fetal adrenal to catalyze reaction metabolites. METHODS: Subcellular fractions were prepared by differential centrifugation in fetal adrenal and liver. Glutathione (GSH)-transferase, reductase, and peroxidase were measured. RESULTS: The mean values (mumol.min-1/g protein) of GSH-transferase activities in adrenal microsome (112 +/- 34), mitochondria (62 +/- 35), and cytosol (191 +/- 89) were 373%, 270%, and 167%, respectively, higher than those in the corresponding fractions of fetal liver. Adrenal microsomal GSH-transferase was positively correlated with adrenal microsomal P-450 (r = 0.821, P < 0.01), and with adrenal microsomal aminopyrine N-demethylase (r = 0.829, P < 0.01). The GSH reductase contents (mumol.min-1/g protein) in adrenal mitochondria (24 +/- 14), and in S9 (36 +/- 15) were almost 5 times higher, compared with that in liver. Selenium-dependent GSH peroxidase was present in all the adrenal. CONCLUSION: Fetal adrenal, with greater capacities than those of liver in detoxifying reaction, may act as a drug-metabolizing organ during development.
Adrenal Glands↗
Anticholinesterase effects of huperzine A, E2020, and tacrine in rats.
AIM: To compare the anticholinesterase effects of huperzine A (Hup A), E2020, and tacrine in rats. METHODS: Spectrophotometry was used to determine AChE activity in brain and BuChE activity in serum. RESULTS: Following intragastric gavage, Hup A, E2020, and tacrine all produced dose-dependent inhibitions of brain AChE. Oral Hup A exhibited a higher inhibition than E2020 and tacrine. Tacrine was more effective in inhibiting serum BuChE correlated with severe peripheral adverse effects. The BuChE activity was less affected by Hup A and E2020. After a single oral dose of Hup A, a relatively steady state of AChE inhibition produced, which was longer than that after E2020 and tacrine. No change in the cholinesterase inhibition was seen for the 3 drugs following repeated i.g. medications. CONCLUSION: Hup A i.g. exhibited a higher efficacy, a longer duration of action, and a more selective inhibition on AChE than E2020 and tacrine.
Acetylcholinesterase↗
Cardiovascular ATP-sensitive K+ channel as a new molecular target for development of antihypertensive drugs.
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Adenosine Triphosphate↗
An expressional system of human cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 gene transcription.
AIM: To explore an expressional system of human cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 (CYP1A1) gene transcription. METHODS: The plasmid pMC 6.3 K containing human CYP1A1 promoter was transiently transfected into Hep G2 cells. The expression of chloramphenical acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene was detected by ELISA. RESULTS: Both the CAT expression and CYP1A1 activity increased with the concentrations of beta-naphthoflavone from 2.5 to 10 mumol.L-1. At 10 mumol.L-1 of beta-naphthoflavone, the levels of CAT and CYP1A1 were 94-fold and 2.8-fold those of the corresponding control, respectively. Using this method, the study of 8 glucosinolates with various side chains on the induction of CYP1A1 gene transcription showed that none of the parent glucosinolates increased CAT expression, whereas the breakdown products of indol-3-yl-methyl glucosinolate (glucobrassicin), rather than indole-3-carbinol, increased the CAT expression. CONCLUSION: The CYP1A1 gene transcriptional system was more reliable and sensitive.
Brassica↗
[Repair of peripheral nerve effect by direct suture after elongation of nerve by traction].
To find new technique for repair of peripheral nerve defect, the nerve elongation repair technique was adopted. Two cases with nerve defect were treated by this method. One was a 12 year old male, the defect length of right radial nerve was 7.2 cm at the elbow. The other one was a 28 year old male, the defect length of left ulnar nerve the was 5 cm at elbow. In this method, the nerve was elongated by slow stretch from distal and proximal end of the ruptured nerve. After a few days, the nerve was repaired by direct suture. After operation, the function of nerves were recovered in 119 days and 114 days respectively. Follow-up for 5 years, the function of the effected limbs were recovered to the normal side. It was concluded that: (1) the peripheral never can be elongated by slow stretch; (2) to stretch the nerve end in a rubber tube can prevent adhesion and connective tissue blocking; (3) strength and supporting point of stretching should be designed carefully.
Adult↗
Selection of human anti-HAV McAb from a phage antibody library.
The phage displaying antibody fragments were subjected to three rounds of panning with hepatitis A virus (HAV) antigen in solid phase. The eluted phage was enriched nearly 100 fold, and the percentage of recombinant clones increased from 25% to 100% after three rounds of panning. The HAV antigen-specific monoclonal antibody (McAb) was screened by sandwich ELISA, and the specificity of these antibodies was further confirmed by competitive inhibition ELISA.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗