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Biomedical subjects

H Wagner

Publications and source records attributed to H Wagner.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Early sonographic determination of hydatidiform mole with a simultaneously developed fetus].

The incidence of hydatidiform mole with an associated foetus is between 1 in 10,000 and 1 in 100,000 pregnancies. Two cases are presented which are diagnosed prenatally before the 22nd week of gestation. They illustrate the two possible forms of molar pregnancy: Type I is characterised by large hydropic villi in a major discrete portion of the placenta. In Type 2 small hydropic villi are scattered diffusely all over the placenta. The characteristic clinical and microscopic differences between the two types of hydatidiform mole associated with foetus are outlined, among those the different risk for malignant development, the sex preferences and cytogenetic aspects. There is a high risk of pre-eclampsia already early in pregnancy. Sonography, HCG determinations and cytogenetic examinations are the basis for an early diagnosis and treatment of hydatidiform moles.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Frequency analysis of cyclosporine-sensitive cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors.

The influence of the immunosuppressant cyclosporine (CsA) on the antigen-driven activation of resting cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors (CTL-p) and on the reactivation of mixed-lymphocyte-reaction-primed CTL, is analyzed at the clonal level. Using the limiting-dilution culture approach, we show that the majority (60-90%) of clones of CTL-p with specificity for given antigens are not activated in the presence of CsA; a minority (10-40%) of CTL-p are CsA-resistant. This is so for alloantigen-reactive CTL-p and major-histocompatibility-complex-restricted CTL-p with hapten specificity. In contrast, the frequency of CTL grown out of primed mixed lymphocyte culture cells is not influenced by CsA. Although CsA does not interfere with the short-term growth of I1-2-driven activated T cells, it may influence the expression of their cytolytic potential.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Macrophage activation and induction of macrophage cytotoxicity by purified polysaccharide fractions from the plant Echinacea purpurea.

Purified polysaccharides (EPS) prepared from the plant Echinacea purpurea are shown to strongly activate macrophages. Macrophages activated with these substances develop pronounced extracellular cytotoxicity against tumor targets. The activation is brought about by EPS alone and is independent of any cooperative effect with lymphocytes. Also the production and secretion of oxygen radicals and interleukin 1 by macrophages is increased after activation with EPS. Cells of the macrophages lineage seem to be the main target for the action of these polysaccharides. EPS has no effect on T lymphocytes. B lymphocytes show a comparatively modest proliferation after incubation with E. purpurea EPS. Thus, these compounds, which are at least in tissue culture completely nontoxic, may be suited to activate in vivo cells of the macrophage system to cytotoxicity. They may therefore be of relevance in tumor and infectious systems.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

A chamber preserving cellular function of the isolated rabbit retina suited for extracellular and intracellular recordings.

The isolated retina of rabbit lies on nylon tissue fixed in a ring, which is placed in a chamber. The lower side of the retina, by choice the receptor or ganglion cell side, is superfused by a plasma saline mixture kept at 35 degrees C. At the upper side of the retina, warm humidified oxygen is added. The two sides are isolated from each other by a rubber joint. ERGs with b waves of about 1 mV indicate a good function of retinal cells. The receptor potential is recorded extracellularly between an intraretinal microelectrode and a reference electrode at the receptor side (amplitude typically about 300 microV). The few intracellular records were hyperpolarizations to white and red light with an initial overshoot and a plateau.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1984

[Transient reduced adrenal gland function following large vascular surgical interventions].

In 48 patients with aorto-femoral bypass-operations pre- and postoperative measurements of total serumcorticoids were performed. All serum levels were then compared to a control group undergoing large abdominal operations. In contrast to the control group twelve patients with aorto-femoral bypass-operations showed values that were for a time clearly below preoperative levels. In six patients with bypass-operations values could be found which were for a short time within the limits of relative adrenal insufficiency. ACTH-stimulation test performed in these patients showed significant lower values than those preoperatively measured. Due to systemic overdose heparinization we believe haemorrhage within the adrenal glands to be responsible for these changes.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1984

Growth, interleukin-2 production, and responsiveness to IL-2 in T4-positive T Lymphocyte populations from malignant cutaneous T cell lymphoma (Sézary's syndrome): the effect of cyclosporin A.

Functional analysis and surface phenotyping using monoclonal antibodies have revealed that malignant T lymphocyte populations in the peripheral blood of patients with Sézary's syndrome resemble the T helper cell populations from normal individuals. In this article we have studied the effects of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA) on growth, interleukin-2 (IL-2) production, and the induction of IL-2 responsiveness of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) from five patients with Sézary's syndrome in vitro, using the lectin phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) as stimuli. The following results were obtained: PHA-induced cell proliferation was significantly more sensitive to inhibition by CsA than that induced by PMA or a combination of PMA and PHA (P less than .005). Sézary PBMs produced only small amounts of IL-2 in response to PHA. Stimulation with PMA, however, resulted in significant IL-2 production. PMA and PHA, when given in combination, acted synergistically. The low levels of IL-2 production induced by PHA or PMA were more sensitive to CsA-mediated suppression than those induced by a combination of PHA and PMA (75% and 55% suppression, respectively). CsA-mediated growth suppression could be overcome if the cultures were supplemented with appropriate amounts of exogenous IL-2. We conclude from our data, that CsA in Sézary PBMs inhibits T cell growth indirectly as a consequence of suppression of IL-2 growth indirectly as a consequence of suppression of IL-2 production. Moreover, like normal T lymphocytes, Sézary PBMs do not express the IL-2 receptor spontaneously, but can be induced to do so. CsA does not interfere with intracellular events leading to the expression and the biologic function of the IL-2 receptor.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1984

Frequency of herpes simplex virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors in lymph node cells of infected mice.

The limiting dilution technique was used to estimate the frequency of cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors (CTL-P) specific to herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected syngeneic cells in draining lymph nodes from CBA mice infected 5 days previously with HSV. Significant numbers of virus specific CTL-P were found with infected mice whereas such cells were usually undetectable in uninfected mice. On the basis of MHC restriction and Lyt phenotype, the cells were identified as T lymphocytes. Two subsets of HSV-specific CTL-P could be defined; an infrequent one (1/12,500-1/30,000) which grew in the presence of growth promoting factors present in concanavalin A-conditioned medium, and a frequent population (f = 1/1200-1/4750) which in addition required exposure to antigen. In some experiments, the frequent subset of HSV-specific CTL-P was only detectable at low cell number inputs. Similar results in other systems have been explained by active suppression.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Charge-reducing lymphokine activity in Concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocyte supernatants: preliminary biological and biochemical characterization.

Supernatants of Concanavalin A stimulated (active) and unstimulated (control) guinea pig lymphocytes were fractionated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 into four arbitrary fractions (F1-F4). Fraction F3 from active supernatant (m.w. range 40 000-15000 D) was found to cause significant slowing of guinea pig macrophages in cell electrophoresis at dilutions of 1 : 200 (expressed as aliquots of the unfractionated supernatants). Neither the other fractions of the active supernatant nor the respective fractions of the control supernatant revealed any significant mobility reduction of guinea pig macrophages in cell electrophoresis. This charge-reducing activity could be blocked by alpha-L fucose, but not by other related monosaccharides. It was shown to be lyophilizable, nondialyzable, adsorbable to guinea pig macrophages and stable at 253 K for several months. The possible relationship of the charge-reducing lymphokine(s) to guinea pig macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MMIF) is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Peripheral venous parenteral feeding in abdominal surgery].

15 patients with a healthy metabolism, who underwent surgery because of gall stones or duodenal ulcer disease, were submitted to complete peripheral parenteral nutrition for 4 days. The group received 40 ml fluid/kg body weight/day, 1.2 g amino acids and 2.4 g carbohydrates (Sorbitol: Xylitol = 1:1)/kg body weight/day in a fixe combination. There were no disturbances in the electrolyte metabolism; the urine alpha-aminonitrogen loss was lower than 4%. The visceral proteins with a short half-life period (transferrin, C-3c-complement, C-4-complement, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin) stayed within the normal range or increased. 3 of the 15 patients developed minor phlebothrombotic complications, therefore the infusion should be changed routinely to the contralateral arm after an infusion period of 48 hours.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

[Immunostimulant action of polysaccharides (heteroglycans) from higher plants. Preliminary communication].

From the water or alcaline-water extracts of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench and -angustifolia DC., Eupatorium cannabinum L. and -perfoliatum L., Chamomilla recutita (L.) (Rauscher), Calendula officinalis L., Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R.B., Achyrocline satureoides DC., Arnica montana L., Sabal serrulata Roem et Schult. and Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim. polysaccharide fractions with molecular weights in the range of 25 000 to 500 000 and higher have been isolated, which, according to the granulocytes- and carbon clearance tests, showed significant immunostimulating activities. The isolated compounds belong to the group of water-soluble, acidic heteroglycanes. The linkages in the different polysaccharides do not represent a uniform structure type.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1983

[Reactive dynamics of immunologic parameters in healthy humans and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

Investigations of three immune components (IgG, CRP, alpha 1 sGP) in 500 patients with rheumatoid arthritis at the beginning and the end of a spa treatment lasting 4 or 6 weeks as well as in 29 healthy test persons in monthly intervals over 2 years make clear that these immune components represent biorhythmologically regulated functions which underly a different dynamics related to the initial value. By means of the so-called "cross-over-point method" the adequate conditions can be figured. In these cases under the influence of the spa therapy a significant decrease of the dispersion at the end of the significant decrease of the dispersion at the end of the cure develops for the parameters CRP and IgG. These findings as well as the typicality of the course of the empiric regression between the beginning of the cure and the end of the cure represent criteria which are of importance for the demarcation of the dependence of the initial value to a statistical a: (a-b) effect. It is shown that the pathologically reactive dynamics of the immune components can be demarcated from the biorhythmically undisturbed dynamics.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗