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Biomedical subjects

H Wada

Publications and source records attributed to H Wada.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Side effects of metrizamide (Amipaque) cervical myelography (author's transl)].

Thirty-four patients were submitted to the conventional cervical myelography by administration of metrizamide (Amipaque) through three routes (lumbar 23, suboccipital 6, C1-C2 lateral 5). After the injection of metrizamide (4-11 ml, 170-250 mgI/ml), all procedures of the cervical myelography were done as soon as possible within 9 minutes. The adverse reactions of Amipaque were observed in 29 cases (85%) out of 34 cases initially 1 hour after cervical myelography and disappeared completely in an average of 16 hours. The total number of the side effects was 140 incidences such as meningeal irritation (headache 18, nausea 17, vomiting 17), cerebellar signs (dizziness 11, dysarthria 8, tremor 5, bradylalia 2, dysmetria 2, tipsy feeling 2, dysdiadochokinesis 1), autonomic signs (flushing 7, pale face 4, fever 4, sweating 2, hiccup 2, fatigability 2, micturition disturbance 1), sensory signs (exacerbation of numbness 6, perioral numbness 3, back pain 1, chest pain 1), motor signs (focal muscle spasm 5, exacerbation of paresis 4, areflexia 1), psychiatric signs (dysphasia 3, disturbance of consciousness 2, euphoria 1, persecutory delusion 1) and muddiness 7. We observed that waxing and waning of side effects correlated tightly with transient cortical penetration of dye in CT and cortical dysfunction mainly slowing of the background activity and slow wave burst in EEG. According to high frequency of side effects in our study, we suggest that a greater incidence of side effects may result when high concentration of Amipaque comes in contact with the cerebral cortex by using an inadequate fluoroscopic table which has only fixed one plane image and rough positioning control. Slow absorption into blood stream may affect appearance and maintenance of side effects. In order to decrease side effects after Amipaque cervical myelography, we propose that we should introduce a mobile rotating chair coupled with high power image and chose C1-C2 lateral route using 1500-1700mgI of Amipaque.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Changes in the levels of cyclic nucleotides in rat brain during the sleep-wakefulness cycle.

Changes in the levels of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) in the discrete regions of rat brain during the sleep-wakefulness cycle were studied using a microwave fixation method. Rats were restrained in a specially designed frame in which they could move their heads and extremities freely and take food and water ad libitum. The rats were acclimatized to the microwave applicator for 1 h a day for 5-7 days, and then they were sacrificed by microwave irradiation of the heads under polygraphic monitoring. This procedure made it possible to obtain tissue for the analysis of cyclic nucleotides at different times during the sleep-wakefulness cycle. The content of cAMP in the various regions of the brain except the cerebellum decreased during sleep. In the hippocampus, midbrain, pons-medulla and cerebellum, the level of cGMP was highest during wakefulness, whereas in the striatum it was highest during paradoxical sleep. In the midbrain and pons-medulla, the level of cGMP was higher during paradoxical sleep than during slow-wave sleep. These changes of cyclic nucleotide contents may reflect the changes in the release of putative neurotransmitters during the sleep-wakefulness cycle. Our findings suggest that cyclic nucleotides may play some roles in the regulation of the sleep-wakefulness cycle.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1981

Galactose and galactose-1-phosphate spot test for galactosemia screening.

A simple spot test to measure galactose and galactose-1-phosphate in blood-impregnated filter paper was studied as a screening test for galactosemia in the newborn. A 3-mm disc punched from blood-impregnated filter paper card was fixed with acetone-methanol and incubated in a reaction mixture containing galactose dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. This reaction mixture was then spotted on DEAE-cellulose paper, dried, and observed under a UV-lamp. The minimum amount of galactose detected by this procedure was 2 mg/dl. Estimation of galactose and galactose-1-phosphate with this procedure correlated well with estimation by bacterial assay.

Escherichia coli↗
PubMed1981

Absence of increase of histidine decarboxylase activity in mast cell-deficient W/W mouse embryos before parturition.

The histidine decarboxylase (L-histidine carboxylase, EC 4.1.1.22) activity of whole W/W mouse embryos, which are devoid of mast cells, remained very low and did not show the rapid increase before birth (17-20 days of gestation) seen in wild-type +/+ embryos. During the same period, the histamine content also remained very low and no mast cells were detected in the W/W embryos, in the contrast to the large increase in both histamine content and number of mast cells in wild-type embryos. These findings imply that the histamine in embryos is largely derived from mast cells. In +/+ mice, histidine decarboxylase activity decreased rapidly soon after birth without concomitant decrease in histamine content or number of mast cells, suggesting that the enzyme activity in mast cells is regulated by some unknown mechanism.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

The complete amino acid sequence of mitochondrial glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase from rat liver.

The complete amino acid sequence of mitochondrial glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase from rat liver was determined. Sequence analyses were performed on the 12 cyanogen bromide peptides isolated after cleavage with cyanogen bromide. The amino acid sequences of all these cyanogen bromide peptides were determined by a combination of tryptic digestion, carboxypeptidase digestion and manual Edman degradation. The large peptides were hydrolyzed with trypsin after maleylation or treatment with 1,2-cyclohexanedione. These cyanogen bromide peptides were aligned by homology with the corresponding cyanogen bromide peptides from pig heart isozyme. The polypeptide chain has 401 amino acid residues and a calculated molecular weight of 44,358. Comparison showed that 24 of the 401 residues of mitochondrial glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase from rat liver are different from those of pig heart isozyme and that homology between the two isozymes is 94%.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1981

Reduction in immunogenicity and clearance rate of Escherichia coli L-asparaginase by modification with monomethoxypolyethylene glycol.

Escherichia coli L-asparaginase was modified with monomethoxypolyethylene glycol using cyanuric chloride as a coupler. The modified enzyme did not cross-react with anti-L-asparaginase antibody in precipitin reaction, but retained some catalytic activity (8% of the original activity). It has the same Km value for L-asparagine and the same optimal pH as the native enzyme. The immunogenicity of the modified enzyme was substantially reduced because mouse antiserum to it showed no significant increase in hemagglutinin titer of L-asparaginase-coated sheep red blood cells. After a single i.p. injection of the modified enzyme (80 I.U./kg) into rats, enzyme activity was detected in the serum within 30 min and persisted for over 3 weeks. Concomitant depletion of serum L-asparagine persisted for more than 3 weeks. On the other hand, the active enzyme was rapidly cleared from the serum. The half-lives of the modified and native enzymes were calculated to be 56 and 2.9 hr, respectively. This modified L-asparaginase may be much more useful than the native enzyme for the clinical treatments of tumors because of its reduced immunogenicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Diurnal variations in monoamine contents in discrete brain regions of the mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus).

Under controlled conditions of environmental light and darkness of 12:12 h, the concentrations of noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin in six brain regions (i.e., cortex, hippocampus, striatum, midbrain including hypothalamus, pons-medulla oblongata, and cerebellum) of the male Mongolian gerbil, an animal widely used in stroke research, were measured fluorometrically at different times of the day. The significant daily fluctuations in these monoamine concentrations were observed in cortex, striatum, hippocampus, midbrain including hypothalamus, and pons-medulla oblongata. Thus, diurnal variations have to be taken into account when studying the effects of ischemia on the change of monoamine concentrations in these brain areas of the gerbil.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[The ultrastructure of a gangliocytoma (author's transl)].

The tumor tissue removed surgically from the left parietal subcortical area of a 16-year-old boy was studied by light and electron microscopy. Our results were identical to cases reported previously. By light microscopy, the neoplasm was composed mostly of mature and immature ganglion cells and glial cells. Ganglion cells with large nuclei and prominent nucleoli had characteristic Nissl substance in various amounts and they were encompassed in a network of fibrous connective tissue. Glial cells were mainly oligodendrocytic. Astrocytes were small in number and did not show neoplastic growth. By electron microscopy, mature ganglion cells contained dense core vesicles in their cytoplasm and processes. The size of the vesicles ranged from 100 to 200 nm. Furthermore ganglion cells were surrounded by their own processes and also processes of glial cells. Ganglion cells were rarely found in synaptic contact with adjacent processes. Instead, oligodendrocytes were sometimes situated adjacent to these ganglion cells. These findings suggest that the tumor under study may be of hamartomatous origin. Aside from mature ganglion cells and glial cells, immature cells were present. From viewing the architecture of these immature cells, we concluded that they were also ganglion cells.

Adolescent↗