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Biomedical subjects

H Wada

Publications and source records attributed to H Wada.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Successful surgical management of pulmonary and adrenal metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma.

This article reports a rare case of successful surgery for both lung and adrenal metastases after hepatic resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A 55-year-old Japanese man with a 5-year history of chronic liver disease was admitted with an elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) value and a liver tumour detected by ultrasonography. Hepatic angiogram showed a tumour stain with the right hepatic vein as a venous drain from the tumour. He underwent posterior-inferior subsegmentectomy of the right hepatic lobe following preoperative chemoembolization. Sixteen months after the first operation, he received pulmonary resection for a solitary metastasis in the right lung. A further 10 months later, a metastatic tumour was detected in the left adrenal gland without any recurrent or metastatic foci, and he underwent left adrenalectomy as his third operation. He is still alive, 8 months after his last operation, and 34 months after hepatic resection, with a normal value of AFP and without any recurrent or metastatic foci. This may be the first report of a patient who underwent successful surgery for pulmonary and adrenal metastases of HCC.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[A case of tuberculous osteomyelitis resembling metastatic cancer on bone scintigraphy].

A 48-year-old male was referred to our division, on the suspicion of lung cancer with bone metastasis. Chest radiography showed a mass shadow and bone scintigram demonstrated multiple scattered regions of increased uptake. However bronchial and bone biopsy specimens revealed granuloma with epithelial cells and giant cells. A diagnosis of tuberculous osteomyelitis was made, and antituberculous therapy was begun. Chest radiography and bone scintigrams one year later showed marked improvement.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1991

[Elevated plasma interleukin-6 in patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura].

Plasma Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level was measured in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis and aplastic anemia. Increase in the plasma level of IL-6 was observed in patients with ITP and SLE. The plasma IL-6 level decreased with progression of the treatment for ITP, and it showed weak negative correlations with the platelet count at the onset of ITP. The increases in the plasma IL-6 level suggest the involvement of activation of the immune system in the pathogenesis of ITP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[The changes in von Willebrand factor multimer in a course of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura].

A 51 year-old woman with severe thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, renal failure and loss of consciousness, and significant decrease in plasma large multimer of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) was diagnosed as having thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). She was treated with plasma exchange, anti-platelet agents and steroids. Although she showed temporary improvement and return of vWF multimer to a normal level, her symptoms reappeared, vWF large multimer level showed a remarkable increase, and she died because of pulmonary bleeding. It would be important that the vWF multimer bands changed in the course of TTP.

Female↗
PubMed1991

A rat model of esophageal varices.

We have developed a new method for inducing portal hypertension and esophageal varices in rats--partial ligation of the portal vein after devascularization of the circumference of the left renal vein and complete ligation of the portal vein on the fifth day thereafter. Thirty rats were separated into groups of 10, control (sham operation), complete portal ligation only and complete portal ligation plus devascularization. Two weeks after the surgery, the presence of esophageal varices in rats with complete portal ligation plus devascularization was confirmed by portography and by the histological findings. The diameter (mean +/- SD) of the submucosal veins of the lower esophagus in the complete portal ligation plus devascularization group (219.4 +/- 86.6 microns) was significantly larger than that in the complete portal ligation group (99.8 +/- 53.4 microns) or in the control group (30.5 +/- 16.6 microns) (p less than 0.01). Vascular structures of the lower esophagus closely resembled those in humans with esophageal varices. This new technique is simple, rapid and reliable, and application can be made to various experimental studies on portal hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Studies on C1 inactivator resistant fibrinolytic activity].

The fibrin lysis activity in the presence of enough quantity of C1 inactivator (C1.INA) is called C1.INA resistant fibrinolytic activity (C1.IRFA). C1.INA inhibits the activation of intrinsic fibrinolysis, therefore C1.IRFA is considered to reflect the extrinsic fibrinolytic activity mainly. We studied the effect of C1.INA using fibrin plate assay on fibrin lysis activity (FLA) and C1.IRFA in normal individuals and pregnant women, and studied the fluctuation of FLA and C1.IRFA during venous occlusion test (VO) or 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) administration. After VO or DDAVP administration, the euglobulin lysis time (ELT) was reduced, FLA increased and C1.IRFA also increased. The increase in C1.IRFA accounted for most of the increase in FLA. Therefore, the increased fibrinolytic activity during VO or DDAVP administration is due to extrinsic fibrinolytic activity. In the pregnant women, the fibrinolytic activity was decreased during pregnancy and the low fibrinolytic activity is suggested to be involved in the low extrinsic fibrinolytic activity. The measurement of C1.IRFA is considered to be useful.

Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins↗
PubMed1990

Immuno-cross-reactivity of histidine and dopa decarboxylases.

Immuno-cross-reactivity between histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and dopa decarboxylase (DDC) was investigated. By comparing the cDNA sequences of rat HDC with rat and guinea-pig DDCs, we found a region that may possibly be related to the cross-reactivity of anti-rat HDC antibody with guinea-pig DDC. The peptide encoded by this region was synthesized and anti-peptide antibody was prepared. We also purified HDC and DDC homogeniously from fetal rat liver and guinea-pig liver, respectively. On immunoblotting, anti-peptide antibody recognized both rat HDC and guinea-pig DDC. Anti-HDC polyclonal antibody which also recognizes both enzymes detected only rat HDC when it was absorbed by the peptide. This result indicates that this region is responsible for the immuno-cross-reactivity of anti-rat HDC antibody with guinea-pig DDC.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Hypothalamic neuronal histamine modulates ad libitum feeding by rats.

Manipulating histamine endogenously, its effects on brain functions were assessed in rats. alpha-Fluoromethylhistidine (FMH), an inhibitor of histamine synthesis, elicited feeding (P less than 0.01) after intra-third cerebroventricular infusion at the early light phase when hypothalamic histamine was normally highest. No periprandial drinking was observed. The effect of FMH was attenuated, and thioperamide, an antagonist of auto-inhibitory effects on both histamine synthesis and release at presynaptic H3-receptor, conversely suppressed food intake (P less than 0.05), when these probes were carried out during the minimum histamine level early in the dark period. Bilateral microinfusion of FMH into the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) selectively induced feeding, but the infusion into the remaining sites of the hypothalamus had no effect. These data show that neuronal histamine plays a physiological role in feeding suppression through the VMH and the PVN in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Leukotriene A4 hydrolase is a zinc-containing aminopeptidase.

A comparison of amino acid sequences revealed that leukotriene A4 (LTA4) hydrolase is homologous to various types of aminopeptidases. Consistently with the finding, the purified LTA4 hydrolases from both human and guinea pig sources contained equimolar zinc ion, as determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The enzyme had a significant amount of aminopeptidase activity toward synthetic peptide substrates. Both LTA4 hydrolase and aminopeptidase activities were inhibited by o-phenanthroline, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, and Leu-thiol with similar IC50 values. Co-purification as well as co-immunoprecipitation of both enzyme activities with an affinity-purified antibody against LTA4 hydrolase strongly suggest that the two enzyme activities reside in a single protein.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1990

CNS projections to the pterygopalatine parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the rat: a retrograde transneuronal viral cell body labeling study.

The retrograde transneuronal viral cell body labeling method was used to study the CNS nuclei that innervate the parasympathetic preganglionic neurons which project to the pterygopalatine ganglion. Small injections of a suspension of pseudorabies virus (PRV) were made in the pterygopalatine ganglion of rats and after 4 days their brains wer e processed for immunohistochemical detection of PRV. Some of the tissues were stained with a dual immunofluoresence method that permitted the visualization of PRV and neurotransmitter enzyme or serotonin immunoreactivity in the same cell. Retrograde cell body labeling was detected in the ipsilateral ventrolateral medulla oblongata in the region that has been termed the superior salivatory nucleus. This area was the same region that was retrogradely labeled after Fluoro-Gold dye injections in the pterygopalatine ganglion. Retrograde transneuronally infected cell bodies that provide putative afferent inputs to the pytergopalatine parasympathetic preganglionic neurons were mapped throughout the brain. In the medulla oblongata, transneuronally labeled neurons were seen in the nucleus tractus solitarii, dorsomedial part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus and gigantocellular reticular nucleus. In most experiments, some A1 catecholamine cells and serotonin neurons of the raphe magnus, raphe pallidus, raphe obscurus, and parapyramidal nuclei were labeled. In the pons, labeled cells were found in the parabrachial nucleus. A5 catecholamine cell group, and non-catecholamine part of the subcoeruleus region. In the midbrain, cell body labeling was located in the central gray matter and retrorubral field. In the diencephalon, labeling was found mainly in the hypothalamus. The areas included the lateral hypothalamic area, lateral preoptic area, dorsomedial and paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei, and ventral zona incerta. Contralateral second order cell body labeling was seen in the tuberomammillary nucleus of the hypothalamus. Some of these cells were histidine decarboxylase-immunoreactive. In the forebrain, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, substantia innominata, and an area of the cerebral cortex called the amygdalopiriform transition zone were labeled.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Influence of intensity of illumination during the light period on diurnal variations of pineal indoles in rats and mice.

The diurnal variations of pineal indoles in New-Zealand Black (NZB) mice and Wistar rats were determined by HPLC fluorometry. Pineal N-acetylserotonin (NAc5HT) in NZB mice showed a marked diurnal variation, but no melatonin (MLT) was detected at any time of day or night. The night-time increases of NAc5HT in NZB mice and MLT in Wistar rats were delayed about one hour in animals kept under illumination of high intensity (2000 lux) during the light period (12 h) compared with those in animals kept under illumination of low intensity (10 lux). These results suggest that the intensity of illumination during the light period affects the diurnal rhythms of pineal indoles in experimental animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Nocturnal luteinizing hormone secretion patterns at the onset of puberty measured using a highly sensitive immunofluorometric assay].

Nocturnal LH pulse was analyzed in 4 prepubertal, 3 early pubertal and 2 midpubertal boys by measuring serum LH concentrations. Blood samples were taken every 30 minutes while awake, and every 20 minutes after subjects had gone to sleep. Serum LH was measured by using immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) with a lower detection limit of 0.02mIU/ml. Pulsatile LH secretion during sleep was detected in all subjects examined. LH pulse amplitude had the tendency to increase with the advance of pubertal stage. After the onset of puberty, LH pulse amplitude was significantly larger than before. The LH pulse was also detected while awake in 4 (1 prepubertal, 2 early pubertal and 1 mid-pubertal) boys. LH pulse frequency was almost the same in each pubertal stage. Serum testosterone levels gradually increased with the progress of pubertal stage. These results suggest that 1) LH is secreted in a pulsatile manner in the prepubertal subjects as well as in the pubertal subjects, 2) the increase of LH pulse amplitude plays an important role for the onset of puberty, and 3) LH pulse amplitude could be a biological marker that indicates the degree of maturation of the hypothalamo-pituitary unit in prepubertal children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Enhancement of chilling tolerance of a cyanobacterium by genetic manipulation of fatty acid desaturation.

The sensitivity (or tolerance) of plants to chilling determines their choice of natural habitat and also limits the worldwide production of crops. Although the molecular mechanism for chilling sensitivity has long been debated, no definitive conclusion has so far been reached about its nature. A probable hypothesis, however, is that chilling injury is initiated by phase transition of lipids of cellular membranes, as demonstrated for cyanobacteria, which serve as a model system for the plant cells. Because the phase transition temperature depends on the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids of the membrane lipids, it is predicted that the chilling tolerance of plants can be altered by genetically manipulating fatty-acid desaturation by introducing double bonds into fatty acids of membrane lipids. Here we report the cloning of a gene for the plant-type desaturation (termed desA). The introduction of this gene from a chilling-resistant cyanobacterium, Synechocystis PCC6803, into a chilling-sensitive cyanobacterium, Anacystis nidulans, increases the tolerance of the recipient to low temperature.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Molecular cloning of guinea-pig aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase cDNA.

Guinea-pig aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase (DOPA decarboxylase, DDC), but not rat DDC, reacts with the antibody against rat histidine decarboxylase (HDC). For determination of the molecular reaction for this cross-reactivity, a cDNA clone of guinea-pig DDC was isolated. Guinea-pig DDC consists of 480 amino acids and its molecular weight is 54,148. The sequence identify of guinea-pig DDC with rat DDC is 86%. Guinea-pig DDC has a region showing 100% sequence identity with rat HDC, but only 67% sequence identity with rat DDC, suggesting that this region is related with the cross-reactivity of guinea-pig DDC and anti-rat HDC antibody.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Organization of the histaminergic system in the brain of the turtle Chinemys reevesii.

To accumulate phylogenetic information on the central histaminergic system, we investigated the histaminergic system in the brain of the Reeves turtle, Chinemys reevesii, using the indirect immunofluorescent method with antiserum against histamine. Histaminergic neuronal cell bodies were found exclusively in the posterior part of the ventral hypothalamus. Histaminergic varicose fibers innervated almost all parts of the turtle brain, but tended to be concentrated in several areas. Very dense innervation was observed in the medial part of the telencephalon, ventrolateral part of the hypothalamus, nucleus habenularis lateralis, and ventromedial part of the tegmentum. Medium density of innervation was seen in the olfactory bulb, nucleus medialis amygdalae, and tectum. Only a few fibers were detected in the lateral part of the telencephalon, dorsal part of the hypothalamus, thalamus, rhombencephalon, and spinal cord. The main ascending fibers were observed in the lateral part of the hypothalamus, sending dense fiber bundles to the cortices dorsomedialis and medialis and nucleus habenularis lateralis. Descending fibers appeared to run in the ventral tegmental area, passing through the dorsal and ventral parts of the midline of the brain stem to the spinal cord. These findings indicate that the general morphological features of the histaminergic system in the turtle brain are similar to those in the mammalian and frog brains.

Animals↗