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Biomedical subjects

H W Pau

Publications and source records attributed to H W Pau.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Vessel damage caused by the administration of intra-arterial methotrexate? Fluorescence angiography and histologic findings].

During a 7 days course of intraarterial methotrexate therapy in patients with certain head and neck tumours, we could demonstrate changes in the blood supply of the tympanic membranes as well as in the tumours themselves by the fluorescence angiography technique. Chemotherapy generally was followed by an operation, the material of which histologically showed varying degrees of vascular occlusions, which we ascribe to the high concentration of methotrexate. The drug given into the external carotid artery reached not only the tumour-supplying vessels but also more peripheral branches such as the arteries of the tympanic membrane. This could explain the observed vascular changes. We conclude that the high concentration of methotrexate achieved by intraarterial therapy may cause vascular occlusions. Therefore, this kind of chemotherapy should be used for a limited time only, because later the penetration of the drug may be inhibited.

Fluorescein Angiography↗
PubMed1983

[Fluorescein angiography of the tympanic membrane--development of the method and normal findings].

Fluorescence angiography is a new method in the ENT-field, used for determining the vascularization of the tympanic membrane. It enables us to study the kinetics of the blood stream. Our studies on normal drum heads using fluorescein dye, whether applied intravenously or intraarterially, let us assume the external manubrial artery to be the largest and most constant blood supply of the membrane. Shortly afterwards, a network of vessels can be registered, differing according to each quadrant, but showing characteristic patterns, documented in our series of photographs. This technique of fluorescence angiography, successfully used in the diagnosis of vascular disorders of the eye fundus can be applied for scientific and clinical research in the ENT field, as well. Some modifications in that technique were done, using different illuminations and optics. Thus it can be practically applied not only to the tympanic membrane, but also to other areas in the field of ENT which can be visualized using microscopes or endoscopes.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Fluorescence angiography in the pathological findings of the tympanic membrane].

Vascularity changes in certain pathological findings of tympanic membranes were examined via a newly developed technique of fluorescence angiography. Characteristic pictures of fluorescence-stained vasculature were found in chronic inflammations or in neoplastic processes. Around the margins of perforations or over sclerotic plaques, there was decreased vascular marking with obviously increased vascular permeability. A lack of vascularisation was observed in cases of atrophic membranes. So-called glomus tumours showed an early onset of strong hyperfluorescence, representing the dense vascularisation of these neoplasms. Our findings in chronic inflammatory lesions such as perforations, sclerotic plaques, and atrophies strongly suggest disturbances of the blood supply. In consequence, areas with such vascularity changes should be excised widely during tympanoplasties and undercovered e.g. with temporal fascia. The high staining ability of the so-called glomus tumours may be of differential diagnostic value in certain cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Endoscopic instant photography in the ENT field (author's transl)].

A new method for obtaining large instant photographs of findings of the E.N.T. field is introduced. We used a recently developed high-sensitive Polaroid film combined with a 6 x 6 cm camera. The capacities of this system are demonstrated using endoscopic photos of the tympanic membrane, the nasal cavity, the nasopharynx, and the larynx.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1981

[The influence of transtympanal gas insufflation on the tympanogram. Studies in cases of retracted or adhesive tympanic membranes and in middle ear models (author's transl)].

Transtympanal insufflation of the inert gas SF6 in cases of atelectasis mostly makes the atrophic tympanic membrane shift lateral, thus reaching a better functional position. The pathological tympanogram may become almost normal after insufflation. Model studies show that this is not only caused by equalisation of possible negative pressures but also by the enlargement of the middle ear volume and the improved position of the tympanic membrane.

Absorption↗
PubMed1980

[Antibacterial substances in tamponades after tympanoplasties - an "in-vitro"-study (author's transl)].

This "in-vitro"-study is concerned with the efficiency of antibacterial agents used in packings after tympanoplasties. For this purpose, gel-foam-material was impregnated either with rolitetracyclin (mostly used in German ENT-clinics), or comparatively with a combination of bacitracin and neomycin or with antiseptics like phenylmercuriborate and povidon-iodine. It is tested, how these impregnated "packings" behave in the presence of pathogenic germs (Staph. aureus, Ps. aeruginosa). Antibacterial effects and alterations of the material were judged. It is shown, that in some regards the rolitetracyclin - very successful in clinical use - is superior to the other substances tested.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

[Ultrasonography in seromucotympanon (author's transl)].

A new ultrasonographic method for the diagnosis of fluid-filled middle ears is presented. In this method the ultrasonic "beam" is lead through a fluid-filled needle, the top of which can be put towards the tympanic membrane under visual control. Thus misleading echoes from cerumen or the walls of the external ear canal can be avoided. The clinical use is described.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1980

[A contribution to the "acoustic-mechanical effect" of the ipsilateral registered stapedius-reflex (author's transl)].

The ipsilateral registered stapedius reflex is often reduced for intensity levels greater than 105 dB (SPL). Because of a reduced impedance, that is not influenced by the reflex arc, an "inverse" reflex curve can be registered. This phenomenon described by Lehnhardt et al. (1) as a "acoustic'mechanical effect" occurs without latency and interferes at levels higher than 105 dB (SPL) with the reflectory impedance change. This effect often dominates and causes a pronounced inverse ipsilateral reaction characterized by an impedance reduction. Frequently middle ears with a steep gradient of the tympanogram show an acoustic-mechanical effect. The missing reflectory component of the impedance change in deafness, in otosclerosis and in facial nerve disorders mostly causes an inverse impedance change. Investigations in temporal bone, in middle-ear models and from the middle ear of the guinea pig led to the assumption, that inverse impedance changes be related to coupling phenomenons of the tympanic-membrane and the ossicles. Excluding artifacts of the measuring device and investigating different states of the middle ear, it can be concluded, that these phenomenons are characteristic for intensity levels greater than 105 dB (SPL).

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1979

[The earwig (author's transl)].

It is still a common belief that the earwig likes to penetrate into the external auditory canal. This paper is concerned with the question, whether the name of the animal is justified and what was written about it in former centuries.

Europe↗
PubMed1979

[Morphological changes in the hypopharynx-esophageal region following laryngectomy. II. Median-sagittal infolding above the ventral aspect of the hypopharynx-esophageal region (author's transl)].

This paper deals with the morphological findings in the hypopharynx-esophageal region of two patients following laryngectomy. In these patients we found a median-sagittal infolding, situated above the ventral aspect of the hypopharynx-esophageal region. This infolding was due to the surgical closure of the ventral wall of the esophagus, following laryngectomy. Histological examination revealed a hernia-like prolapse of the tunica mücosa, m. mucosae and tela submucosa with numerous proliferated macrophages and blood vessels, but no lymphatics. These macrophages are concerned with the removal of an edema, which, however, is only imperfectly removed and finally turns out into a fibrous tissue. The functional meaning of this infolding is not yet clear, but it seems intimately related to the altered function of the hypopharynx-esophageal region following laryngectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Hereditary combination of branchial fistulas and middle ear malformations (author's transl)].

Four cases with hereditary combinations of branchial fistulas and middle ear malformations in three generations of one family are reported. We found preauricular fistulas and lateral cervical fistulas combined with different types of middle ear dysplasias. In one case a preauricular fistula running through the middle ear and ending in the dura could be exstirpated. Such rare varieties must be considered, when preauricular fistulas are found together with congenital middle ear deafness.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

[The pathogenesis of the secondary adhesive processes. A clinical and experimental study (author's transl)].

According to the clinical experience the rate of relapses in operated adhesive processes is very high. We found tympanic pressure to be normal in one third of the cases, therefore the impaired tubal function cannot be the only reason for relapses. With a special method we could demonstrate that there is a great difference in the development of tympanic pressure in cases of operated adhesive processes compared with cases with normal elasticity of the tympanic membrane. So changes of the elasticity may be an important factor influencing the rate of relapses. We could support this conception using models for tympanometric experiments.

Ear Diseases↗
PubMed1978

[Cogan's syndrome--report of a case (author's transl)].

A case of Cogan's syndrom--the combination of nonsyphilitic interstitial keratitis and vestibuloauditory symptoms--is presented. The differential diagnosis of the disease that corresponds little to any treatment, is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[On morphological changes in the hypopharynx-esophageal region following laryngectomia (author's transl)].

This report deals with the morphological changes in the hypopharynx-esophageal region of two patients following laryngectomia. In these patients we found two sagittal infoldings of the lateral walls of the hypopharynx-esophageal region. Histological examination revealed a nodular circumscribed hypertrophy of the innermost fascicle of the continuous helical system which, by time, becomes replaced by a fibrous tissue. Later on, the middle and outer fascicles of the continuous helical system undergo the same changes. Both these processes result in the formation of a hypertrophic scar which finally turns out in an atrophic scar. The volume of the esophageal wall at the same time as maintained by an increase of adipose tissue in the outer third. This adipose tissue spreads towards the lumen and finally replaces all the scar tissue. In clinical experience such infoldings are not a rare finding, however it seems doubtful if they can get any meaning in the phonation. Nevertheless the formation of such infoldings seems to be intimately related to the altered function of the hypopharyngeal region following laryngectomia.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1977

[Eustachian tube function and middle ear pressure with adhesive tympanic membrane (author's transl)].

The function of the Eustachian tube and the corresponding middle ear pressure are significant factors in the etiology of adhesive ear drums as well as in the prognosis of a possible tympanoplasty. In 58 patients with adhesive tympanic membrane tubal function and middle ear pressure were determined by means of the air pressure equalization technique respectively by direct punction. Normal or only slightly impaired tubal function as well as the middle ear pressure was found in one third of the cases, whereas in the majority of the patients an impaired tubal function and underpressure in the middle ear was registrated. As a precondition for a successful tympanoplasty the ventilation of the middle ear must be improved in these cases. At present this is achieved by a polyethylene tube inserted in the tympanic membrane during the operation.

Ear Diseases↗