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Biomedical subjects

H W Ory

Publications and source records attributed to H W Ory.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The association between oral contraception and hepatocellular adenoma--a preliminary report.

Women with long-term use of oral contraception (OC) are at increased risk of developing a serious, though nonmalignant, liver tumor--hepatocellular ademona (HCA)--according to a case-control study conducted by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) in collaboration with the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). The tumor is sometimes fatal, deaths usually being due to sudden rupture and hemorrhage. This study suggests that, in addition to long-term OC use, a women's age and the hormonal potency of the OC she uses affect her changes of developing HCA. Women 27 years old and older who have used OC with high hormonal potency for 7 or more years are at the greatest risk.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1976

The intrauterine device and deaths from spontaneous abortion.

To evaluate the intrauterine device as a risk factor for mortality associated with spontaneous abortion, we analyzed all deaths from spontaneous abortions reported in the period 1972-1974. Women dying from spontaneous abortions with a device in place were more likely to be young, white and married than those not wearing a device. Risk of death from spontaneous abortion was over 50 times greater for women who continued their pregnancy with a device in place than for those who did not. The Dalkon shield carried an increased risk of death, as compared to other devices, even after rates were adjusted for duration of use. However, pregnant women with either a loop or a coil in place also had a higher risk of dying from spontaneous abortion than those without any device. The results support the clinical recommendation that any device should be removed when pregnancy is first diagnosed.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

Intrauterine devices and acute pelvic inflammatory disease.

One of the most serious problems among women using the intrauterine device (IUD) has been pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Subjects for the present investigation were chosen from 15- to 44-year-old women seeking emergency medical attention at a large city hospital. Febrile and afebrile patients with PID and appropriate controls were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire concerning their demographic, reproductive, and contraceptive histories. Results showed a significantly higher proportion of IUD users among febrile cases of PID (38%) than among controls (11%). This implies that febrile PID is five times as likely to develop in an IUD user as in a nonuser.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

The epidemiology and interrelationship of cervical dysplasia and type 2 herpesvirus in a low-income housing project.

This report examines the association between cervical dysplasia and herpes simplex virus type 2 antibodies in a low-income housing project, Atlanta, Georgia. We established a clinic in this project at which women could receive a breast examination and Papanicolaou smear and have blood drawn to be tested for herpesvirus type 2 antibodies. Prevalence of herpesvirus rose sharply as age increased. There was a significant absence of antibodies in young, nulliparous women. Dysplasia showed a tendency to be related to age, age at first pregnancy, and total number of pregnancies. None of these associations was significant. The major finding of the study was that the 15- to 24-year-old women with herpesvirus had a relative risk of 5.44 of having cervical dysplasia compared to women without herpesvirus antibodies. these data are consistent with the concept that herpesvirus infections may be etiologically related to the initiation of cervical neoplasia. However, a cohort study is needed to determine whether herpes infection precedes or follows the earliest neoplastic changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of screening as a preventive technology: the example of HTLV-III/LAV antibody testing.

Screening for disease control can be defined as a preventive technology that is used to examine asymptomatic people in order to classify them as likely or unlikely to have the disease that is the object of screening. Screening may consist of routine physical examinations, radiologic procedures, semi-invasive procedures such as endoscopy, or serologic tests. In this paper, a new serologic test is considered. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a devastating disease with high mortality, recently shown to be caused by a retrovirus named human T-lymphotropic virus Type III (HTLV-III) or lymphadenopathy-associated virus HTLV-III antibody in serum specimens. Performance characteristics are excellent with high sensitivity and specificity when reactive serum specimens are checked for consistency of response by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). This test is now part of the screening protocol for all blood donation centers to decrease the risk of HTLV-III transmission via blood or blood products. About 0.2% (1 in 400) of blood donors have repeatedly reactive EIA tests to HTLV-III antibody. Approximately one-third of these donors have other laboratory evidence of infection. Screening for HTLV-III is a new technology that illustrates virtually all of the factors that need consideration in an assessment of disease screening. This paper explores these technical, epidemiologic, economic, legal, social, and ethical factors.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Publicity and the public health: the elimination of IUD-related abortion deaths.

Widespread publicity in the mass media about the dangers of leaving an IUD in place in a pregnant uterus was apparently more effective than traditional scientific publication and drug package inserts in getting doctors to remove devices from pregnant patients. This suggests that such publicity could be effective in improving clinical practice and the public health in other instances, such as getting doctors to prescribe and women to request birth control pills with lower doses of estrogen, and persuading women to obtain early rather than the riskier midtrimester abortions.

Abortion, Septic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mortality associated with fertility and fertility control: 1983.

This analysis demonstrates that levels of mortality associated with all major methods of fertility control (tubal sterilization, the pill, IUD, condom, diaphragm, spermicides, rhythm and abortion) are low in comparison with the risk of death associated with childbirth and ectopic pregnancy when no fertility control method is used. The exceptions are the risks associated with pill use after the age of 40 for women who do not smoke, and with pill use after the age of 35 for smokers. The safest approach to fertility control is to use the condom and to back it up by abortion in case of method failure. Except for the lowest-risk method of fertility control (condom and abortion) and the highest (pill use by a smoker), most strategies of fertility control result in a similar risk of mortality until the woman reaches 35 years of age. At that point, risk from pill use rises more sharply than risk associated with other methods. The above conclusions are based on the lowest contraceptive failure rates reported by Schirm and his colleagues for married American women. If, instead, the highest failure rates are employed, use of the pill by a nonsmoker or the IUD clearly is safer than reliance on barrier methods or rhythm. As noted earlier, there are few women who make their contraceptive choices solely on the basis of perceived risk of mortality. Very few, for example, would consider abortion as a primary method of birth control; and for many, abortion would not be acceptable even as a backup for failed contraception. Although the risk of mortality resulting from use of the IUD is low, many women who have not yet had children might not want to face the increased risk of infertility problems from pelvic inflammatory disease that have been associated with use of this method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abortion, Induced↗